American Government Test 1

Front 1

What are the four things that Government should do?

Back 1

Resolve Conflicts
Provide Public Services
Set Goals For Public Policy
Preserves Culture

Front 2

What is Social Conflict and how is it resolved?

Back 2

A disagreement among people over how to use our scarce resources, usually resolved through politics.

Front 3

Politics:

Back 3

deciding who gets what and when they get it

Front 4

Power:

Back 4

ability to influence others

Front 5

Government:

Back 5

individuals and institutions that makes societies rules and enforces them

Front 6

Autocracy:

Back 6

power and authority rest in the hands of single person, usually by force
Example: North Korea

Front 7

Divine Right Theory:

Back 7

God given power, do not have to have peoples consent

Front 8

Monarchy:

Back 8

inherited power

Front 9

Democracy:

Back 9

power and political authority ultimately rest in the hands of the people

Front 10

What are the two types of democracy?

Back 10

Direct: people make decisions
Representative: the majority is expressed by a small group

Front 11

Aristocracy:

Back 11

government system where the best rule

Front 12

Meritocracy:

Back 12

leadership is earned by merit

Front 13

Theocracy:

Back 13

no separation between church and state

Front 14

Limited Government:

Back 14

limits placed on government by constitution

Front 15

Representative Government:

Back 15

officials elected by people for a specific amount of time

Front 16

Parliament:

Back 16

bicameral (two house) legislature

Front 17

Social Contract:

Back 17

agreement among individuals to create a government and to that government adequate power to secure the mutual protection and welfare of all individuals

Front 18

Natural Rights:

Back 18

John Locke argued everyone is born with the right to life, liberty and property and it was the governments job to ensure these rights

Front 19

What are the five principles of American Democracy?

Back 19

-Equality in Voting
-Individual Freedom
-Equal Protection of the Law
-Majority Rule and Minority Rights
-Voluntary consent to be Governed

Front 20

Political Culture:

Back 20

set of ideas, values and attitudes

Front 21

Liberty:

Back 21

the freedom of individuals who do not infringe on others

Front 22

Equality:

Back 22

equal protection under the law

Front 23

Property:

Back 23

pursuit of happiness, property has high value

Front 24

Eminent Domain:

Back 24

when government buys private property and turns it public

Front 25

1774

Back 25

1st Continental Congress

Front 26

1776

Back 26

Declaration of Independence

Front 27

1786

Back 27

Shay's Rebellion
September, 25-28
Springfield, MA

Front 28

1787

Back 28

2nd Continental Congress

Front 29

1792

Back 29

New York Stock Exchange Founded

Front 30

What state was the ninth to ratify the Constitution?

Back 30

New Hampshire

Front 31

Why was the Bill of Rights created?

Back 31

to get more states to ratify the Constitution

Front 32

What are two downfalls of the Articles of Confederation?

Back 32

-Central Government was weak
-Regulated coins not paper

Front 33

Virginia Plan

Back 33

-called for bicameral legislature
-favored large states
-number of representatives corresponds to number of people in state
-national executive branch chosen by legislature
-national court system created by legislature

Front 34

New Jersey Plan

Back 34

-geared towards smaller states
-congress can regulate trade and impose taxes
-each state would only have one vote
-acts of congress would be supreme law
-more than one executive officer
-executive officer would appoint supreme court

Front 35

Great Compromise

Back 35

-called for two houses
--lower, House of Representatives: number determined by number of people in state
--upper, Senate: two from each state

Front 36

3/5 Compromise

Back 36

slaves count as 3/5 of a person for tax purposes and determining how many people are in the House of Representatives

Front 37

What is the difference between the federalist and anti-federalist?

Back 37

federalist wanted the constitution and the anti-federalist did not

Front 38

What are the two principles of federalism?

Back 38

-Central Government shares powers with state government
-Compromise of power

Front 39

The Madisonian Model divided the government into what three branches?

Back 39

Executive, Judicial, Legislative

Front 40

Checks and Balances

Back 40

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Each branch of government can check the other branches

Front 41

What are the two methods of proposing an amendment?

Back 41

-2/3 vote in Senate and House of Representatives (all have been done this way)
-2/3 of States request amendment convention, then convention calls for ratification

Front 42

What are the two methods for ratifying an amendment?

Back 42

-3/4 of states can vote (used 26 times)
-Can call a special convention to ratify (used once)

Front 43

Devolution:

Back 43

transfer of power to states and letting them take care of things that the federal government has already taken care of

Front 44

What are the advantages of federalism?

Back 44

-Stability
-Consolidated
-Multiple decision makers
-Keeps government closer to the people

Front 45

What are the disadvantages of federalism?

Back 45

-Generalization
-Too Powerful
-Distant
-Too slow

Front 46

Division of Power:

Back 46

established in the Constitution that power is divided between federal and state governments

Front 47

What are some of the Powers of the National Government?

Back 47

-Coin money
-Conduct Foreign Relations
-Declare War
-Establish Post Office
-Establish Court System
-Admit New States

Front 48

What are some of the powers of the State Government?

Back 48

-Intrastate Commerce
-Conduct Elections
-Safety, Health and Welfare
-Establish local goals
-Ratify amendments
-Establish Militias

Front 49

What powers are shared by the Federal and State Government?

Back 49

-Collect and Levy taxes
-Borrow Money
-Make and Establish Laws
-Charter Banks and Corporations

Front 50

Expressed Powers:

Back 50

Written in Constitution

Front 51

Implied Powers:

Back 51

Implied by the Constitution

Front 52

Inherent Powers:

Back 52

National Governments power that is not expressed but is still granted

Front 53

Police Powers:

Back 53

States look after citizens with these.

Wacky Laws

Front 54

What are the three types of Federalism?

Back 54

~Dual- Where state and federal have sovereign power. They are equal with separate functions
~Cooperative- Federal and State Government work TOGETHER to tackle certain problems
~Fiscal- Same as cooperative just involving money

Front 55

What is the difference between a Block Grant and a Categorical Grant?

Back 55

A categorical grant must be used for a specific purpose and a block grant can be used for anything

Front 56

Civil Liberties:

Back 56

individual rights protected by the Constitution against powers of government and encroachment

Front 57

Habeas Corpus:

Back 57

Must be told why you are being held and you get representation during this time

Front 58

Bill Of Attainder:

Back 58

inflicts punishment without giving the right to trial

Front 59

Due Process:

Back 59

the government can not deny citizens the right to life, liberty or property

Front 60

Due Process of Law:

Back 60

must use fair and legal action against an individual

Front 61

Establishment Clause:

Back 61

the section of the first amendment that prohibits congress from passing laws "respecting an establishment of religion"

Front 62

Free Exercise Clause:

Back 62

the provision of the first amendment stating that the government cannot pass laws "prohibiting the free exercise" of religion

Front 63

Symbolic Speech:

Back 63

the expression of beliefs, opinions or ideas through forms other than speech or print

Front 64

Libel:

Back 64

A published report of a falsehood that trends to injure a person's reputation or character

Front 65

Slander:

Back 65

The public utterance of a statement that holds a person up for contempt, ridicule or hatred

Front 66

Fighting Words:

Back 66

Words that, when uttered by a public speakers, are so inflammatory that they could provoke the average listener to violence

Front 67

Obscenity:

Back 67

Indecency or offensiveness in speech, expression, behavior or appearance.