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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define - Isolationism
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the view that America should stay out of the affairs of others (Monroe Doctrine)
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Define - Unilateralism
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independent course of action
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Define - Monroe Doctrine (1823)
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rejected European intervention in the western hemisphere
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What represented America's first foray into the politics and conflicts of the old world?
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World War 1
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What type of U.S. foreign policy existed prior to the 20th century?
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Unilateralism and Isolationism
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What caused World War 1?
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Establish power within the European countries. The Germans telling Austria-Hungry to take over Serbia.
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What type of U.S. Foreign policy exists during World War 2 to the end of the Cold War (1989)?
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Internationalist and anti-communist.
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What was the Cold War?
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War aimed at frustrating Soviet expansionist design. intense rivalry.
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What is containment?
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Policy designed to keep the Soviet Union from expanding its sphere of influence.
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What policies were established during the Cold War?
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Policies were based on realism.
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What is realism?
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Abandoning the role of morality
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What are first 5 assumptions of realism?
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1. people are sinful and wicked
2. people lust power and dominate others 3. eradicating power is false 4. IR is war of all against all 5. state promote national interest |
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What are last 5 assumptions of realism?
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6. anarchistic international system demands military
7. economy less relevant to national security 8. allies should never be trusted 9. never trust international laws 10. peace results from balance of power between states |
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What are the assumptions of liberal idealism?
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1. people are good
2. progress is possible 3. bad humans = bad institutions 4. war's frequencies can be reduced 5. collective efforts eliminate injustice 6. institutions must be recognized 7. history supports idealism |
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Foundations of realism - Thucydides
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lack of balance of power between Athens and Sparta
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Foundations of realism - John Mearsheimer
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"back to the future" nuclear weapons contribute peace to Europe
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Foundations of realism - Machiavelli
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wrote Prince; rejected idealism; politics clash of interest; watch out for rivals; pessimistic human nature
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Foundations of realism - Hobbes
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wrote Leviathan; negative human nature; concern political power
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Foundations of realism - Kennan (Mr. X)
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soviet power should be contained
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Foundations of realism - Morgenthau
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Politics Among Nations; interest acquisition power
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Who is an example of neorealism or structural realism?
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Kenneth Waltz
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What is Kenneth Waltz's Theory of International politics?
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1. international system anarchic
2. main actors are nation states 3. states are units 4. power is relevant depending international politics |
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What is containment?
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preventing the spread of communism into the world
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What is the Marshall Plan?
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reduced the economic appeal of communism
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What is NATO?
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an alliance between the U.S. and western European countries.
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What is SEATO?
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plan to contain communism within southeast Asia from spreading
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What is the MEATO?
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Baghdad pact; preventing the spread of communism to the middle east
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What is the Truman doctrine?
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financial assistance for the states of the northern tier
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What is the Eisenhower doctrine?
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Lebanon 1958; involved in the Middle East intervened in Lebanon
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What is the Nixon Doctrine?
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attempt to scale back America's overseas commitments; focus on powerful countries.
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What is Detente?
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a period of easing tensions
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What country was recognized as being communist?
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China
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What is SALT-1?
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Nixon's attempt to reduce nuclear weapons
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What is the Arab Oil Embargo?
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complex interdependence; weaken US by surprise
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What is Carter's human rights?
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not an extreme realist
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What is Camp David?
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peace treaty between Egypt and Isreal
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***What is the Carter doctrine?
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any intrusion on the oil region of the Gulf is a direct assault to the US
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What is the SDI or star wars?
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Reagan calling the Soviet Union an evil empire
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What war occurred after the Cold War?
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First Gulf War; by Bush Sr
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Who was the first president of the post Cold War?
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Clinton; believed in engagement and enlargement
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What is Kant?
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theory of democratic peace
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What is the Bush doctrine?
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killing bad guys first, before the kill us; pre-emption
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Which case did the Supreme Court exercised its power?
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Marbury vs Madison
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What is the significance of Marbury vs Madison?
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overturned congressional law for the first time
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How are the FEDERAL courts composed?
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Supreme Court - 1
US Court of Appeals - 13 US District Courts - 94 |
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What is the rule of 4?
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4 out of the 9 judges must agree in-order to consider cases
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What is Amicus Curiae brief?
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Interest group or Solicitor may file in supporting the plaintiff
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What forms of appeals exist?
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petition are direct; state appeal is when state violates constitution
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Who and for how long are judges appointed?
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selected by the US president / approved by the Senate and they are appointed for life
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What is a fact about the district court judge?
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appointed by the US president and is restrained by Senatorial courtesy
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What are civil rights?
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laws that involve government action
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What are civil liberties?
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involves what government cannot do.
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Identify: Bill of Rights 1-5
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1. speech, religion, press..
2. bear arms 3. no troops on private property 4. against unreasonable seizures 5. due process |
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Identify: Bill of Rights 6-10
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6. public trial; right of counsel
7. trial by jury for civil cases 8. no excess bail 9. rights of people no limited 10. reserved power to states |
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***Court Cases - Barron v Baltimore
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bill of rights does not apply to states
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***Court Cases - Gitlow v New York
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bill of rights extended to states through 14 amend
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***Court Cases - Escobedo v Illinois
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6 and 14 amendment - right to counsel during police interrogation
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Court Cases - Engle v Vitale
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1st amend; struck down prayer in school
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Court Cases - Wallace v Jaffree
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1st amend; struck down moment of silence
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Court Cases - Schenk v US
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1st amend; speech (clear and present danger)
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Court Cases - Tinker v Des Moines
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1st amend; speech and symbolic expression
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US v Eichman
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1st amend; speech and burning flag
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Court Cases - Yates v US
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1st amend; advocating Marxist philosophy
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Court Cases - Brandenburg v Ohio
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1st amend; lawless action to sustain conviction
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Court Cases - Miller v California
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1st amend; pornographic material
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Court Cases - Cohen v California
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1st amend; protect expression even if offensive
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Court Cases - Roe v Wade
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1, 4, 5, 9, 14 amend; implying zone of privacy
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Court Cases - Baker v Carr
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one man one vote; equal electoral districts
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Court Cases - US v Nixon
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9-0 to turn in evidence
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Court Cases - Plessy v Ferguson
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separate but equal
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Court Cases - Brown v Board of Education
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14 amend; separate but equal unconstitutional
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Court Cases - Gideon v Florida
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5, 6 amend; right to attorney
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Court Cases - Weeks v US
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4 amend; exclusionary rule
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Court Cases - Miranda v Arizona
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5, 6 amend; police must inform suspect of their rights
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TEXAS - Criminal Courts
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1. Felony (serious)
2. Misdemeanor (less serious) |
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TEXAS - Civil Courts
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1. TORT - personal injury; damage property to collect awards
2. Property - dispute over anything with monetary value 3. Contract - violation of contract 4. Probate - disposition of property of deceased person |
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TEXAS - Municipal Courts
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80% traffic violations
judges appointed by mayor |
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TEXAS - JP Court
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1 in every county
16 in Harris County Judges are elected |
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TEXAS - County Court
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254 courts
civil cases under $5K judges are elected |
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TEXAS - Appeal Courts
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12% are appealed
Judges are elected |
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TEXAS - Supreme Court
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divided by two; Civil and Criminal Appeals
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