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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
delegates
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individuals who represent a state's voters in the selection of a political party's presidential candidate
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caucus
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a small meeting at which registered political party members select delegates to attend the national party convention and nominate a presidential candidate
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primary
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election in which voters choose the candidate who will represent their political party in the general election
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winner-take-all
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election in which the candidate who gets the most votes win; any other candidate loses and receives nothing
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open primary
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an election in which a voter can participate in either party's primary (but not both), regardless of party registration
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modified open primary
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an election in which registered voters who are not affiliated with either party can vote in either party's primary
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closed primary
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an election in which only registered members of a political party can participate in the party's primary election
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Electoral College
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the meeting, in each state and the District of Columbia, of electors who cast votes to elect the president
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plurality rule
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a candidate wins office by getting more votes than his or her opponent, even if that candidate does not receive an absolute majority of the votes
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invisible primary
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the race to raise the most money and achieve front-runner status before the primary season begins
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momentum
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the boost in media coverage, name recognition, fund-raising, and perceptions of electability that accompanies unexpected and repeated primary success
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retrospective voting
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voters judge candidates based on the performance of the candidates or their parties rather than issue stands and assessments of what each candidate would do if elected
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direct mail |
political advertising in which messages are sent directly to potential voters in the form of mail or e-mail, rather than using a third-party medium |
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focus group
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in-depth interview with a small number of people representing important voter constituencies
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battleground states
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competitive states in which no candidate has an overwhelming advantage, and therefore Electoral College votes are in play
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red states
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largely uncontested states in which the Republican candidates for president is very likely to win
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blue states
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largely uncontested states in which the Democratic candidate for president is very likely to win
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field operations
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the "ground war" intended to produce high turnout among party loyalists, particularly in battleground states
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hard money
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funds to be used by candidates or parties for the express purpose of running an election campaign, or by PACs for contributing to candidates
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soft money
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funds to be used for political purposes other than running a campaign, for example, get-out-the-vote efforts; or by some interest groups for political ads praising or attacking candidates
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public money
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taxpayer funds used to help finance presidential campaigns
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political action committee (PAC)
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a group that collects money from individuals and makes donations to political parties and candidates
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independent expenditures
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funds spent to elect or defeat candidates but not coordinated with any candidate's campaign
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coordinated expenditures
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legally limited purchases or payments made by a political party on behalf of, and in coordination with, a specific campaign
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matching funds
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public monies given to qualifying candidates to match a certain percentage of the funds they have raised from private donors
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