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72 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
form of government in which the people rule either directly or through elected leader......
Democracy
status conferring rights and protections to members of the political community but, in return, requiring allegiance and involvement......
Citizenship
The process by which we choose government officials and make decisions about public policy......
Politics
In a democracy (1.) plays a primary role in the process, but its a role they must choose to play.
1. Citizens
The vitality of our social and political institutions depends on..... (1.)
1. Our willingness of as citizens to work with the community and government associations.
Participation in the collective life of the community.....
Civic Life=
Civic life includes......
1. institutions of gov. and civil society (broad array of voluntary association that bring citizens together to deal with community and social issues.
The body (or bodies charged with making official policies for citizens.....
Government
The broad array of voluntary associations that bring citizens together to deal with community and social issues of common concern......
Civic Society
Voluntary associations build.......
Social capital
Some social scientists regard the number and kind of voluntary associations as a sign of a nations.....
Well being
Governments have many forms but a key distinction between them is how.....
power is shared among the citizens.
Form of government in which decisions about public policy extends to the entire citizenry.
Direct Democracy
A single person exercises absolute power....
Monarchy or Dictatorship
In Greek city-states they used......
direct democracy
Many modern nations use....
representative democracy
Form of government in which popular decision making is restricted to electing or appointing the public officials who make public policy......
Representative Democracy
Citizens in a representative democracy hold public officials accountable through.....
periodic elections and the rule of law.
The requirement that electoral majorities determine who is elected to office and that majorities in power determine our laws and how they are administered.......
Majority Rule
Protections beyond the reach of majority control guaranteed to all citizens......
Minority Rights
(1.) determines who is elected to office......
Electoral Majorities
Majorities in power determine.........
Our laws, and how they are administered.
What is beyond majority control.........
freedom of speech, religion.
The legitimate use of force and political power by a representative gov. depends on.......
establishing the relationship between governors and the governed, or shared values and standards that citizens have come to accept over time.
Citizens may not agree with specific gov. policies, but they will......
support legitimate lawful policies founded upon accepted contracts and standards
The ability to get things done by controlling or influencing the institutions of gov.
Political Power
The ability to get things done by controlling or influencing the institutions of government.......
Political Power
View positing that wealthy and well educated citizens exercise a disproportionate amount of influence over political decision making......
Ruling Elite Theory
Individuals in ruling elite theory are more likely to have access to.........
gov. officials,
to be officials,
more informed and interested in issues
Some versions of Ruling Elite Theory suggest that elites are important for social advancement because studies show that better educated citizens show......... (3)
1. Greater commitment to values like fair play, diversity, and respect for civil liberties then those with less education, or income.

2. More alert to threats of basic democratic values.

3. More likely to insist on enforcement of individual rights.
View positing that various groups and coalitions constantly vie for gov. favor and the ability to exercise political power but none enjoys long-term dominance......(competing theory of ruling elite.)...........
Pluralism
In practice American Government is characterized by elements of.......
each of the theories.
Active citizens who are willing to take part in gov. by voicing their opinions, running for elective office, and voting have always been.........
essential to the success of democracy.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle felt that citizens shouldn't simply........
sit back and enjoy benefits of society, they must also take responsibility for it's operation.
British philosopher John Locke argued that the power of gov. comes from the..........
consent of its citizens and that consent is only possible when the citizens are informed and engaged.
Political theorist John Stuart Mill believes that even when citizens are content with their gov. active...........
participation is necessary to ensure that principals like liberty and free speech don't fade from lack of use.
Thomas Jefferson called for periodic citizen............
uprisings to reinvigorate the spirit of democracy.
Many states provide expanded opportunities for........
citizen participation.
available in 24 states, enables citizens to draft laws and constitutional amendments for voter approval if the sponsors of the measure gather enough signatures............
Initiative
24 states, allow citizens to approve or repeal measure already acted upon by legislative bodies............
Popular referendum
50 states, is another form of referendum, that requires legislative bodies to secure voter approval for some measure such as changes to a state's constitution............
Legislative referendum
The ability to get things done by controlling or influencing the institutions of government.......
Political Power
View positing that wealthy and well educated citizens exercise a disproportionate amount of influence over political decision making......
Ruling Elite Theory
Individuals in ruling elite theory are more likely to have access to.........
gov. officials,
to be officials,
more informed and interested in issues
Some versions of Ruling Elite Theory suggest that elites are important for social advancement because studies show that better educated citizens show......... (3)
1. Greater commitment to values like fair play, diversity, and respect for civil liberties then those with less education, or income.

2. More alert to threats of basic democratic values.

3. More likely to insist on enforcement of individual rights.
View positing that various groups and coalitions constantly vie for gov. favor and the ability to exercise political power but none enjoys long-term dominance......(competing theory of ruling elite.)...........
Pluralism
18 states, where citizens can remove and replace a public official before the end of a term.........
Recall
A free society relies upon the.............
voluntary activities of free individuals outside of gov.
Our nation accomplishes many of its social needs through the work of.....
charitable organization, religious congregations, and professional groups.
These organizations provide training grounds for developing skills we need to become..........
full and active participants in our nations political system.
Ideas, values and beliefs about how governments should operate......
Ideologies
Ideology stressing individual rights and expressing faith in popular control of government, ideology that guided the American experience...........
Liberal Democracy.
Liberal democracy rest upon three notions.........
1. Natural rights
2. The formation of a social contract by consent of the governed.
3. Majority Rule
John Locke became involved in the politics of Whig radicals that challenged the authority of British Stuart Monarchy in the late 17th century. Locke and radicals favored placing........
more power into an elected Parliament.
Locke states that humans at one time had little need for authority because there were enough resources for everyone, so no competitions. Over time population grew which created conflict over resources. The led to a need for something to settle disputes peacefully. This was.............
government
Locke believed that free people will be willing to establish gov. in order.......
to avoid conflict.
Locke states in 2nd Treatise of Government the underlying philosophy of liberal democracy..............9
...............
Humans are born.......
free and equal
No one is born.........
subject to another will.
No one can control another without that.....
persons consent.
People put themselves under control of gov. because of........
the advantages it offers.
Under this gov. majority rule provides a........
reasonable basis for making decisions.
In this way each citizen has an equal.......
voice, and decisions reflect the majority.
Gov. have authority from the consent of those who form them. Gov holds our allegiance only if it protects our........
life, liberty, and property better than we could by ourselves.
If gov becomes a threat to citizens rights, the contract fails and the people have the option of.........
dissolving it and beginning anew.
Taking part in activities like voting or running for office aimed at influencing the policies or leadership of government......
Political Participation.
The perceived combination of wealth, income, education, and occupation that contribute to one's status and power in society....
social class.
Agencies that help connect volunteers with organizations in need of help.........
Service learning Programs.
Involvement in any activity aimed at influencing the collective well-being of the community.
civic engagement.
What kinds of civic involvement fuel democracies?
Democracies thrive on citizen involvement both in government through the ballot box, and through voluntary associations that attempt to improve the quality of our lives.
What ideas fuel American democracy?
American democracy gets its inspiration from the liberal democratic views of John Locke and rests on three essential notions: natural right, the formulation of a social contract by the consent of the governed, and majority rule.
What are some of the changes and challenges facing American today?
We are growing more diverse, older, and subject to continuing class divisions.