Ais 322_Ch 8 Notecards

Front 1

A network that controls access to an extranet by encryption & authentication technology

Back 1

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Front 2

A text file created by a Web site and stored on a visitor's hard drive.

Back 2

Cookie

Front 3

Cookeis store information about who the use is and what the user has done on the site. True/False

Back 3

True

Front 4

A procedure in which worksheet data are totaled both across and down. Then, the total of the horizontal totals is compared to the total of the vertical totals to ensure that the worksheet balances.

Back 4

Cross-Footing Balance test

Front 5

Controls that lock out one user to protect indicidual records from potential errors that could occur if two users attempted to update the same record simultaneously

Back 5

Concurrent Update Controls

Front 6

An edit check in which the characters in a field are examined to ensure they are of the correct field type (e.g., numeric data in numeric fields).

Back 6

Field Check

Front 7

The total of a dollar field, such as total sales, in a set of records. It is ususally generated manually from source documents prior to input and compared with machine-generated totals at each subsequent processing step. Any discrepancy may indicate a loss of records or errors in data transcription or processing.

Back 7

Financial Total

Front 8

the capability of a system to continue performing when there is a hardware failure

Back 8

Fault Tolerance

Front 9

an online date entry dcontrol in which the computer checks if all date requrired for a particular transaction have been entered by the user

Back 9

Completeness Tes (check)

Front 10

Any one of a series of points during a long processing run at which an exact copy of all the data values and status indicators of a program are captured. Shoud a system failure occur, the system could be backed up to the most recent checkpoint and processing could begin again at the checkpoint rather than at the beginning of the program.

Back 10

Checkpoint

Front 11

An input validation method that uses data entered into the system to retrieve and display other related information so the accuracy of the input data can be verified

Back 11

Closed-Loop Verification

Front 12

A digit in a data field that provides information about the other digits in the data field. It is used to check for errors or loss of characteres in the data fields as a result of data transfer operations.

Back 12

Check Digit

Front 13

If data are lost or erroneously changed, the fact that the check digit does not match the other data in the filed will signal that an error has occurred. True/False

Back 13

true

Front 14

The edit check in which a check digit is recalculated to verify that an error has not been made. this calculation can be made only on a data item that has a check digit.

Back 14

Check Digit Verification

Front 15

A location that provides everything necessary to quickly installcomputer equipment in the event of a disaster

Back 15

cold site

Front 16

An edit check to ensure that a numerical amount in a record does not exceed some predetermined limit

Back 16

Limit Check

Front 17

Copying only the data items that have changed since the last backup. This produces a set of incremental backup files, each containing the results of one day's transactions

Back 17

Incremental Backup

Front 18

The record of data input & data processing errors

Back 18

Error Log

Front 19

Sums of the instances of numerical items, calculated for a batch of documents. These totals are calculated prior to processing the batch & are compared w/machine-generated totals at each subsequent processing step to verify that the date was processed correctly

Back 19

Batch Totalsq

Front 20

Copying all changes made since the last full backup. thus, each new differential backup file contains the cumulative effects of all activity since the last full backup

Back 20

Differential backup

Front 21

An edit check that ensures the input data will fit into the assigned field

Back 21

Size check

Front 22

An edit check that verifies that the data in a fild have the appropriate arithmetic sign

Back 22

Sign check

Front 23

An edit check designed to verify that a data item falls within a certain predetermined range of acceptable values

Back 23

Range Check

Front 24

A total of the number of input documents in a prcess or the number of records processed at a given time.

Back 24

Record Count

Front 25

An edit check of the logical correctness of relationships among data items. For example, a journal entry that debits inventory & credits wages payable is not reasonable.

Back 25

Reasonableness Test

Front 26

The time by which the organization's information system must be available again following a disaster

Back 26

Recovery Time Objective (RTO)

Front 27

The processs of installing the backup copy of a data base of file for use in data processing.

Back 27

Restoration

Front 28

An edit check that determines if a batch of input data is in the proper numerical or alphabetical sequence

Back 28

Sequence Check

Front 29

A detailed log of every transaction entered in a system

Back 29

Transaction Log

Front 30

An error in which one digit of a number is written incorrectly (e.g., a "4" in the tens position transcribed as a "9," which would cause an error of 50 in the vaule of the nubmer).

Back 30

Transcription Error

Front 31

type of internal label that appears at the end of each file & serves as an indicator that the end of the file has been reached.

Back 31

Trailer Label (or Trailer Record)

Front 32

The trialer Lable Contains the batch totals calculated during input. true/false

Back 32

True

Front 33

An edit test in which an identification number or transaction code is compared with a table of valild identification numbers or codes maintained in computer memory

Back 33

Validity Check

Front 34

A total generated from values for a field that would not usually be totaled, such as customer account numbers. It is usually generated manually from source documents prior to input & compared with machine-generated totals at each subsequent processing step. Any discrepancy may incdicate a loss of records or errors in data transcription or processing.

Back 34

Hash total

Front 35

An online date entry control that uses the computer to control the data entry process. The system displays a request to the user for each required item of input data & then waits for an acceptable reponse before requesting the next required item.

Back 35

Prompting

Front 36

An online data entry control in which the computer displays a form on the screen & the user fills in the blanks on the form as needed.

Back 36

Preformatting

Front 37

An extra bit added to a byte & magnetized as needed to ensure that there is always an odd (or even) # of magnetized bits. The comptuer uses the odd (or even) parity cheme to check the accuracy of each item of data.

Back 37

Parity Bit

Front 38

As a computer reads or receives a set of characters, it verifies that there are the proper # of magnetized bits in each charachter received. If not, the corresponding character may contain an error.

Back 38

Parity Checking

Front 39

A hardware control that verifies transmitted data by having the receiving device send the message back to the sending device tso that the message received can be compared with the message sent.

Back 39

Echo Check

Front 40

Type of internal label that appears at the beginning of each file and containes the file name, expiration date, & other file identification information

Back 40

Header Record (or Header Label)

Front 41

An internal check that requires the balance of an account to be zero after all entries to it have been made.

Back 41

Zero-Balance Check

Front 42

An alternative power supply devicethatprotectsagainst the loss of power & fluctuationsin the power level by using battery power to enable the system to operate long enough to back up cirtical data & safely shut down

Back 42

Uninterruptible Power System (UPS)

Front 43

Completely operational data processing facility configured to meet the user's requirement that can be made available to a disaster-stricken organization on short notice

Back 43

Hot Site

Front 44

A copy of a database, master file, or software that is retained indefinitely as an historical record, usually to satisfy legal & regulatory requirements

Back 44

Archive

Front 45

An exact copy of the most current version of a database, file, or software program

Back 45

Backup

Front 46

The legnth of time between the last backup & the time that an incident occurred.

Back 46

Recovery Point Objective (RPO)

Front 47

The RPO represents the period of time for which management is willing to have to reenter, if possible, data about past transactions. True/False

Back 47

True

Front 48

A variation of the embedded audit module in which the auditor is notified of each transaction as it occurs by means of a message printed on the auditor's terminal.

Back 48

Real-Time Notification