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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Instrument used to determine aircraft direction to aid the pilot in navigation |
Heading Indicator also called as Directional Gyro |
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what does heading inducators indicate? |
Primary headung and Indirect bank |
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Heading Indicator is also called as |
Dorectional Gyro or Direction Indicator |
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Hiw does the heading indicator works? |
Using a gyroscope |
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Where does the gyroscope tied by an erection mechanism? In HI? |
To the aircraft yawing plane |
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How does the HI result in Indication Error? |
When yhe aircraft yawing plane does not match the local earth horizontal |
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The heading kndicator is arranged in such that? |
The gyro axis is used to drive the display which consists of a circular compass card calibrated in degrees |
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How does the HI gyroscope spin? |
Electrically or using airflow from a suction pump |
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What is the drift on the earth's rotation every hour? |
15 degrees |
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How to reset HI |
Using a magnetic Compass |
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In how many minutes does the directional gyro was adjusted? |
15 minutes |
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Parts of the HI |
Main Drive Gear, Compass Card Gear, Gimbal Rotation, Gimbal, Gyro, Adjustment Gears, Adjustment Knob |
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More expensive HI are slaved to a sensor |
Flux Gate System |
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In flux gate system, the compass card is driven by? |
Signals from flux valve and the two pointer from ADF and VOR |
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Combined Navigation and Heading Instruments |
Horizontal Situational Indicator |
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How does HSI align themselves? |
With flux gate and are electrically driven |
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How does the Gyro mounted in HSI? |
Mounted in a dou le gimbal, spin axis is horizontal permitting sensing of rotation about the vertical axis of the aircraft |
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This is developed to compensate for errors and limitations with older HI |
Remote Indicating Compass |
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The two panel mounted compinents of a typical RMI system |
Pictorial navigation indicator Slaving control and compensator Unit |
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The pictorial navigation indicator is commonly refferd to as a |
Horizontal situational Indicator |
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The slaving control and compensator unit has a |
Pushbutton that provides a means of either the slaved gyro or free gyro mode |
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What do you mean by free gyro mode |
When in free gyro mode, the compass card may be adhusted by depressing the heading-drive button |
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Mounted remotely, usually in a wing tip to eliminate the possibility of magnetic reference |
Magnetic slaving transmitter |
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This has two aircraft flight instrument in one device |
Turn and Bank Indicator |
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What are the two instruments in Turn adn Slip Indicator or Turn Coordinator |
One indicates rate of turn, the other part indicates whether the aircraft is in coordinated flight |
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What is the slip indicator |
Inclinometer |
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What does the inclinometer displays |
The angle if aircraft's transverse axis with respect to horizontal, and in motion displays this angle as modified by the acceleration of the aircraft. |
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A gyroscopic instrument that works on the principle of precession. The gyro is mounted in a gimbal |
Turn and Bank Indicator or TC |
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The gyro in T/B indicator rotates in? |
In line with thw traverse (pitch) axis of the aircraft, while the gimbal has limited freedom around the longitudinal (roll) axis of the aircraft |
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Inclinometer is recognized as |
Ball in a tube |
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What does the Ball indicates? |
Slipping, skidding, and coordinated turn |
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How does slip occur? |
When the relative airflow is inside the turn, slip occurs |
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How does skid occur? |
When the relative airflow is outside of the turn, skid occurs |
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Firther development of the turn and slip indicator |
Turn coordicator |
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In Turn Coordinator the gimbal is pitched? |
30 degrees from the transverse axis |
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What hapoens when the TC's gimbal is pitched up 30 degrees. |
The instrument respond to roll as well as yaw |
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Parts |
Turn Coordinator, Gyro Rotation, Gimbal, Gimbal Rotation, Inclinometer, Canted Gyro, Standard Rate Turn Index Turn and Slip Indicator, Gyro Rotation, Gimbal, Gimbal Rotation, Stabdard Rate Turn Index, Inclinometer |
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Informs the pilot of the aircraft prientation relative to Earth's horizon, and gives an immediate indication of the smallest orientation change |
Attitude indicator or Artificial Horizon |
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He thought of making a gyroscopic stabiliser for flying machines |
Lawrence Sperry |
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Lawrence Sperry's device needed? |
4 gyroscopes spinning at 7000 rpm and weughed hust 40 pounds |
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Where and When did Lawrence Sperry demonstrate the gyroscope |
Concours de la securite en aeroplane (airplane security competition) in Paris July 18 1914 |
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First blind take off, flight and landing |
1929, Lt. James Dolittle in Mitchel Field NYC |
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Parts |
Parts |
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Heading Indicator, Vacuum Relief Valve, Vacuum Pump, Overboard Vent Line, Suction Gauge, Attitude Indicator, Vacuum Air Filter |
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Gimbal Rotation, Bank Index, Roll Gimbal, Gyro, Horizon Reference Arm, Pitch Gimbal |
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30 degress level left bank |
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30 degrees clibing right bank |
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Cost of Black Box |
10,0000- 15,000 dollars |
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Reveal details of the events immediately preceding the accident |
Black box |
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How many accidents does the first commercial jet had in the 1950's? |
5 accidents in 2 years |
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Early generations of flight recorders etched the data onto? |
Metal foil |
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Older ack boxes use this type of recording. It was first introduced in 1969 |
Magnetic Tape Recording. Mylar tape is pulled across an electromagnetic head, which leaves a bit of data on the tape |
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What is used in black boxes these days which came along 1990s |
Solid state memory boards |
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Solid state was formed by |
Stacked arrays of memory chips, so they dont have moving parts |
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Where is the stacked memory boards located? |
Inside the Crash Survivable Memory Unit (CSMU) |
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All of the data collected by tha airplane's sensors is sent to the? |
Flight Data Acquisition Unit (FDAU) at front of the aircraft |
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The two power generators that powers the black boxes |
28 V DC power Source 115 V, 400 Hz AC power source |
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Recording the aural environment on the flight deck during flight time |
Cockpit Voice Recorder |
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Where is the Cockpit Area Microphone located? |
Overhead instrument panel between two pilots |
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What are also recorded in CVR |
Communications witb ATC, Automated Weather Briefings, Conversation between the pilots and ground or cabin crew |
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Earliest type of Flight Recorders |
1939, France, Francois Hussenot and Paul Beaudouin. "Type HB" |
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In type HB what was used? |
Photographic Record |
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Another earlier version during world war 2 |
UK, Len Harrison and Vic Husband. Recorded in copper foil |
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Modern FDR Technology |
Dr. David Warrenat Aeronautical Research Laboratoty in Melbourne Australia. |
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First jet-powered commercial aircraft |
The comet |
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Dr. David Warrens first demonstration |
1957 |
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The year when audtralia prompted that the blackbox was mandatory for all commercial aircraft |
1960 |
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Provide pre ampliification for audio going to the CVR |
Associated Control Unit |
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Four microphones location |
Pilot's headset, co-pilot's headset, third crew member, near the center of the pickup |
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How long does magnetic tape of the CVR store |
30 minutes |
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Solid state storage can record |
2 hours |
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Device used to record specific aircraft performance parameters |
Flight Data Recorder |
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There are sensors wired from various areas on the plane to the? |
Flight Data Acquisition Unit |
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Acts as a relay for the entire data recording process |
Flight Data Acquisition Unit |
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Recorder is usually installed in? |
Tail Section |
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What could be possibly cause of an accident? |
Pilot error, external event, or an airplane system problem |
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FAA issued a Code if Federal Regulatiobs that require recording of at least 88 paraneters on aircraft manufactired after aug. 19, 2002 |
July 17 1997 |
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Parameters recorded by FDR |
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Three layers of CSMU |
Aluminum Housing High Temperature Insulations Stainless Steel Shell |
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Insulates and protects the stack of memory boards that store the digitized data. |
Crash survivable memory Unit |
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Tests that make up xrash survivable sequence |
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Help investigators locate black boxes |
Underwater locator Beacon |
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When the plane crashes into the water, the beacon sends out an ultrasonic pulse that cannot be heard by human ears |
Underwater Locator Beacon |
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Ultrasonic pulse detected by |
Sonar and acoustical locating equipment |
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The beacon sends out pulses |
37.5kHz and 14,000 feet |
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How long does the black box transmit signal |
30 days |
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The beacon is powered by a battery with a shlef life of? |
Six years |
