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145 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Area on land or water that is used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft and includes its buildings and facilities, if any.
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Airport
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___________ are runways, taxiways, and other selected areas of an airport/ heliport that are used for takeoff and landing aircraft, taxing, hover taxing, and air taxing. |
Movement Areas
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_______ are taxiways and apron (ramp) areas on the airport which are not under the control of ATC.
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Non-movement Areas
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What color are the markings for runways and landing areas?
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White
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What color are the markings for taxiways, closed and hazardous areas, and holding positions?
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Yellow
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What are Runway Designators?
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Identifies runways by a number, or a number and a letter determined by the direction of approach.
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_______ identifies the physical center of the runway and provides alignment guidance to pilots during takeoffs and landings operations.
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Runway Centerlines
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What color are Runway Centerlines Markings?
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White
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How long are the stripes in a Runway Centerlines Markings
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120 ft
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The gaps in a Runway Centerline are ________ in length.
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80 ft
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What is the marking that closely identifies the actual beginning point of the runway used for landings?
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Runway Threshold
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Markings that consists of a pattern of longitudinal stripes of uniform dimensions spaced symmetrically about the runway centerline
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Runway Threshold Markings
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What color are Runway Threshold Markings
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White
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The standard length of Runway threshold stripes are...
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150 ft
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What is the name of the markings that provide a visual aiming point for landing operations and is also included in the touchdown zone on a runway?
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Runway Aiming Pont Markings
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What color are the Runway Aiming Point Markings?
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White
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How far is the Runway Aiming Point Markings from the landing threshold?
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1000 ft
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How long are the Runway Aiming Point Markings?
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150 ft.
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What are the symmetrical arranged pairs of rectangular bars in groups of one, two, and three along the runway centerline?
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Touchdown Zone Markings
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Runway touchdown zone markings identify the touchdown zone along a precision runway in ____ increments?
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500-foot
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Who is responsible for balancing air traffic demand with the system's capacity to ensure that the maximum and most efficient utilization of the NAS is maintained?
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Traffic Management System (TMS)
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An Automated Flight Service Station has the primary function of providing ________.
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Pilot briefings and receiving and processing flight plans
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Which position in the Tower ensures separation?
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Local and Ground Controllers
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In a Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) facility, who has the responsibility for the safe and efficient operation of a sector?
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Radar team
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What lighting system consists of a pair of synchronized white flashing strobe lights located laterally on each side of the runway?
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Runway End Identifier Lights (REIL)
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To apply the lateral departure divergence rule, departing aircraft must be assigned specified headings which diverge by at least _____ degrees.
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45 degrees
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Radar separation at or above FL600 requires how many miles of separation between aircraft?
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The two subsystems for disseminating aeronautical information are _______.
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AIS and NOTAMs
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Responsibility for validating NOTAM data and operating the National NOTAM System belongs to _______.
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Every person and thing required to successfully get a plane from one location to another.
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National Airspace System (NAS)
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Who is responsible for managing the NAS?
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FAA
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What regulates all modes of transportation such as railroads, highways, waterways, and airways?
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Department of Transportation (DOT)
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What manages the Air Traffic Organization (ATO)?
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Chief Operating Officer (COO)
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How many regional offices are there?
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9
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Who leads the regional offices located across the country and the Mike Aeronautical Center in OKC?
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Office of the Deputy Assistant Administrator for Regions and Center Operations (ARC) |
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Who is responsible for ensuring the safety, efficiency and security of air traffic operations across the entire National Airspace System?
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Air Traffic Organization (ATO)
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What is Bernoulli's Principle?
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The internal pressure of a fluid (liquid or gas) decreases at points where the speed of the fluid increases
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Flow through a tube with a reduced cross sectional area ________ fluid speed and ________ fluid pressure. |
increases; decreases
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When there is a pressure difference between opposing sides of a surface
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Pressure Differential
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What is the primary source of lift around an airfoil?
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Pressure Differential
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What causes the higher pressure area below the airfoil to try to equalize pressure by pushing (lifting) airfoil toward the lower pressure area above?
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Pressure Differential
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"For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction"
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Newton's Third Law of Motion
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A secondary source of lift is an ______ force generated by air striking the underside of an airfoil and being deflected _________
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upward; downward
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the direction of the airflow produced by an object moving through the air.
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Relative Wind
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The relative wind for an aircraft in flight flows in a direction ______ with and ______ to the direction of flight.
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parallel; opposite
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the actual flight path of the aircraft determines the direction of the _____
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relative wind
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What are the 3 principle airfoils that produce lift on an aircraft?
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Wing, Horizontal tail surface, propeller
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What are the 3 parts of the airfoil?
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Leading edge, trailing edge, chord line
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An imaginary line drawn from the leading edge to the trailing edge of a cross section of an airfoil
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Chord Line
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the acute angle formed between the chord line of an airfoil and the direction of the air striking the airfoil (relative wind).
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Angle of attack
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The angle of attack is based on the _______
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Relative Wind
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curvature of the airfoil from the leading edge to the trailing edge
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Camber
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Why is the camber or curvature of a wing designed?
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Type of aircraft, Planned speed of the aircraft, weight of the aircraft, and the planned use of the aircraft.
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The shape or form of a wing as viewed from above is called the?
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Wing platform
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The ____ _____ is dependent on the use of the aircraft.
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planform design
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What are the factors of lift generated by the wing?
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Speed of the wing through the air, angle of attack, planform of the wing, wing area, density of air, camber
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What are the 4 forces affecting flight?
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Lift, Weight, Thrust, Drag
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What is theminimum non- radar longitudinal separation with two air craft using DME in miles and minutes?
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10 minute or 20 miles
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What is the minimum degree of divergence that may be assigned for the departure divergence rule?
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45 degrees
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The minimum terminal radar separation required for two aircraft 30 NM from the antenna is __________ miles?
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3 |
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The minimum en route radar separation required for two aircraft below FL 600 is ________ miles?
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5
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For a tower to provide visual separation between two arriving IFR aircraft, what condition has to exist?
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Both aircraft must be visually observed by the tower.
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Holding is used for?
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Traffic En Route Arrive Delays Weather at Destination Flow Control Spacing |
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What are the two subsystems for disseminating aeronautical information?
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Airmen's Information System and NOTAM system
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Relatively strong winds concentrated within a narrow, horizontal band in the upper troposphere. |
Jet Stream |
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Jet streams flows from ______ to _______, but the flow often shifts to the __________ and ________ due to weather systems and seasonal changes. |
West;east North; south |
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What are the two identifiers for jet streams? |
Polar jet stream and subtropical jet stream |
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Polar jet stream is located between _____ and _____ _______? |
30 degrees; 60 degrees latitude |
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Subtropical jet stream are located between ______ and ______ ______. |
20 degrees; 40 degrees latitude |
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Jet streams are associated with the boundaries between ____ and _____ air. |
Hot; cold |
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When are jet streams the strongest? |
Winger |
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Jet streams causes aircraft to move at different _______ ______. |
Ground speeds |
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Which layer of the atmosphere is stable and generally devoid of significant weather? |
Stratosphere |
Stratosphere |
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What is the value of the sea level pressure in the standard atmosphere? |
29.92 inches of mercury |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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The change of liquid water to water vapor. |
Evaporation |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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The change of liquid water to water vapor. |
Evaporation |
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The change of ice to water vapor? |
Sublimation |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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The change of liquid water to water vapor. |
Evaporation |
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The change of ice to water vapor? |
Sublimation |
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A measure of hotness or coldness of the air |
Temperature |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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The change of liquid water to water vapor. |
Evaporation |
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The change of ice to water vapor? |
Sublimation |
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A measure of hotness or coldness of the air |
Temperature |
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The air's capacity to hold water vapor is directly related to it's _________. |
Temperature |
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_________ air can hold more water vapor than _______ air. |
Warm; cold |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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Higher ____________ at a location generally indicate higher quantiles of water vapor. |
Dew points |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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Higher ____________ at a location generally indicate higher quantiles of water vapor. |
Dew points |
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What is the raw material for clouds and precipitation? |
Water vapor |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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Higher ____________ at a location generally indicate higher quantiles of water vapor. |
Dew points |
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What is the raw material for clouds and precipitation? |
Water vapor |
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When the ___________ decreases to zero, the air becomes ________ and condensation will form dew, fog, or clouds. |
Temperature- dew point spread; saturated. |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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Higher ____________ at a location generally indicate higher quantiles of water vapor. |
Dew points |
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What is the raw material for clouds and precipitation? |
Water vapor |
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When the ___________ decreases to zero, the air becomes ________ and condensation will form dew, fog, or clouds. |
Temperature- dew point spread; saturated. |
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The change of water vapor to liquid water is called? |
Condensation |
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When are clouds formed? |
When air is cooled to its dew point and becomes saturated |
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Cold air mass moving over a warm surface often produces unstable air associated with: |
Turbulence Good visibility Cumuliform clouds, and showers |
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A warm air mass moving over a cold surface often produce stable air associated with: |
Stratisform clouds, fog and drizzle Poor visibility Smooth air |
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Pressure typically ________ as a front approaches and _________ after it passes |
Decreases; increases |
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A ____ air mass moving over a ______ surface often produces unstable air associated with turbulence, good visibility, Cumuliform clouds, and showers. |
Cold; warm |
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A maritime tropical air mass is _____ and ____. |
Warm; cold |
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Which front moves in such a way that warmer air replaces colder air? |
Warm front |
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What type of front has a steep slope which often leads to a narrow band of showers and thunderstorms if the rising air is unstable? |
Cold front |
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What occurs when the temperature remains below freezing throughout the entire depth of the atmosphere? |
Snow (SN) |
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What occurs when there is a shallow layer aloft with above freezing temperatures, with a deep layer of below freezing air based at the surface? |
Ice pellets (PL) |
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What occurs when there is a deep layer aloft with above freezing temperatures, with a shallow layer of below freezing air at the surface? |
Freezing Rain (FZRA) |
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What occurs when there is a deep layer of above freezing air based at the surface? |
Rain (RA) |
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The three necessary ingredients for precipitation formation are |
Water vapor Lift And a Growth process |
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What NWS entity provides consultation, forecast, and advice to ARTCCs regarding weather impacts? |
Center Weather Service Unit (CWSU) |
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What are the 5 layers of the Earth's Atmosphere? |
Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere |
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What is the lowest layer of the Atmosphere? |
Troposphere |
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Which layer of the Earth's Atmosphere contains almost all clouds and precipitation? |
Troposphere |
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In troposphere the air pressure and density _________ with altitude. |
decreases |
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An increase in temperature with altitude is abnormal and is defined as? |
Inversion |
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