Airport Design: Exam 1

Front 1

Small, large and heavy aircraft weights

Back 1

Small: <12,500lbs
Large: 12,500-300,000lbs
Heavy: >300,000lbs

Front 2

Define approach speed and two types of approach speeds

Back 2

Speed reflects general performance of an aircraft
Important in designing: RWY length, exits, and separation between runways and taxiways

types of approach speeds: 1.3 Vso, or VREF

Front 3

Airplane Design group based on

Back 3

Tail height or wing span
- If in between, always choose higher category

Front 4

Wing Span important for

Back 4

Lateral separation between taxiways and runways

Front 5

Tail height important for

Back 5

Separation between runway and parallel taxiway, location of runway hold line

Front 6

Approach visibility minimums

Back 6

Expressed in RVR or runway visibility range
1200, 1600, 2400, 4000

Front 7

Airport Reference code

Back 7

Combines aircraft approach category and aircraft design group

Front 8

Runway Design Code

Back 8

AAC+ADG+ Approach visibility minimums

Used for design standards on which the runways is to be built

Front 9

Runway reference code

Back 9

The current operational capabilities of runway and associated parallel taxiways

Front 10

Design (Critical) Aircraft

Back 10

An aircraft that is the most stringent/demanding design requirements for a particular aspect of airport design

Front 11

Airport Elevation

Back 11

The elevation at which an airport lies above sea level

Front 12

Airport Reference Point

Back 12

Approximate Center of all usable runway at the airport

Front 13

Runway

Back 13

defined rectangular surface on an airport suitable for the landing or takeoff of airplanes

Front 14

Threshold

Back 14

Beginning of a portion of the runway available for landing

Front 15

Displaced Threshold

Back 15

Portion of the runways that is displaced, available for takeoff or landing overrun

Front 16

Relocated Threshold

Back 16

Portion of pavement that is not used for Takeoff or landing but not taxiing

Front 17

Blast Pad

Back 17

Surface adjacent to the end of runways provided to reduce the erosive effects of jet blast or propeller wash

Front 18

Shoulder

Back 18

area adjacent to ends of paved runways, taxiways, or aprons providing a transition between the pavement; enhanced drainage and blast protection

Front 19

Clearway (CWY)

Back 19

defined rectangular area beyond the end of a runway cleared or suitable for use instead of runway to satisfy takeoff distance requirements

Front 20

Stop way (SWY)

Back 20

Defined rectangular area beyond the end of a runway cleared or suitable for use instead of runway to support an airplane, without causing structural damage to the airplane during an aborted takeoff

Front 21

Building restriction line (BRL)

Back 21

line indicated where buildings must not be located limiting building proximity to aircraft movement areas

Front 22

Blast pad v. Blast Fence

Back 22

Pad: area used to reduce erosive effects of jet blast or propeller wash

Fence: physical device to deflects jet blast to a specific areas

Front 23

4 types of runway classifications

Back 23

1. Visual
2. Non-precision instruments
3. Approach procedure with vertical guidance (APV)
4. Precision instrument
* APV v. Precision Instrument: APV associated with GPS

Front 24

Runway Safety Area (RSA)

Back 24

Defined surface surrounding the runway prepared or suitable for reducing the risk of damage to airplanes in the event of an undershoot, overshoot, or excursion from the runway

Front 25

RSA for C&D

Back 25

500ft wide by 1,000ft long
can have objects that serve function, as long as they have low impact resistance supports (frangible mounts)

Front 26

Runway Object free area (ROFA)

Back 26

two-dimensional area surrounding the runway which is clear of objects except for objects fixed by function

Front 27

ROFA for C&D

Back 27

800ft wide by 1,000ft long

Front 28

Object free area (OFA)

Back 28

Surface with no above ground objects (except objects required for air navigation or maneuvering). cannot extend beyond RSA

Front 29

Object Free Zone (OFZ)

Back 29

Three-dimensional volume of airspace reserved for the exclusive use of one aircraft landing on or taking off from the runway

when aircraft TO/LD, nothing can protrude into OFZ

Front 30

Runway OFZ

Back 30

Airspace centered above runway centerline.

Extends 200ft beyond each runway end and 400ft wide

Front 31

Inner-approach OFZ

Back 31

a defined volume of airspace centered on the approach area. only applies to runways with an approach landing system. Begins 200ft from runway threshold at the same elevation as the runway threshold that extends 200ft beyond the last approach light.

Width- Same as OFZ (400ft) @ 50:1 Ratio

Front 32

Inner-transitional OFZ

Back 32

defined volume of airspace along sides of runway OFZ and inner-approach OFZ. applies only to runways with lower than 3/4sm approach visibility minimums
Slopes 3:1 to a height of 150AGL

Front 33

Precision Obstacle Free Zone (POFZ)

Back 33

A volume of airspace above an area beginning at the runway threshold, at the threshold elevation, and centered on the extended runway centerline, 200ft long by 800ft wide

Front 34

When is the POFZ surface in effect?

Back 34

All the following conditions are met
1. Vertically guided approach
2. Reported ceilings below 250ft and/or visibility <3/4SM
3. Aircraft on final approach <2 miles of the runway

Front 35

Part 77 Surfaces (Primary)

Back 35

1000ft wide by 200ft beyond each runway end

Front 36

Part 77 Surfaces (Horizontal)

Back 36

10,000ft arc surrounding primary surface, extended to 150ft Above airport elevation

Front 37

Part 77 Surfaces (Transitional)

Back 37

Outward and Upward at right angle to runway centerline, extended at a 7:1 ratio from sides of primary surfaces. Extended a distance of 5,000ft horizontally from edge of approach surface

Front 38

Part 77 Surfaces (Conical)

Back 38

Outwards of horizontal surface at a 20:1 ratio to a distance of 4,000ft

Front 39

Part 77 Surfaces (Approach)

Back 39

10,000ft at 50:1
40,000ft at 40:1 after 10,000ft

Front 40

Runway Protection Zone (RPZ)

Back 40

two-dimensional trapezoidal area at ground level underlying the innermost portion on the approach surface
Determined by distance required for the approach surface to reach a height of 50ft
Trapezoid shaped area off the end of the runway, typically 200ft beyond end of runway

Front 41

Runway Design Standards based on

Back 41

AAC+ADG+RVM

Front 42

Runway shoulders

Back 42

Blast erosion resistance
Accommodate maintenance and emergency equipment
Extend across full width of runway plus shoulder
ADG I & II: Turf, soil, cement, stabilized soil
ADG III & VI: Paved

Front 43

Runway Blast pad

Back 43

Blast erosion resistance
Accommodate maintenance and emergency equipment
Extend across full width of runway plus shoulder

Front 44

Runway Protection Zone (RPZ)

Back 44

Enhance the protection of people and property on the ground
Configuration and location: trapezoid in shape and centered about the extended runway centerline

Front 45

Departure/Approach RPZ

Back 45

Approach: function of AAC and visibility associated with RWY end
Departure: AAC and departure procedure associated with runway

Front 46

Surface Gradient

Back 46

Gradient or slope in a particular direction

Front 47

Longitudinal surface gradient

Back 47

Gradient along length of runway

Front 48

Transverse surface gradient

Back 48

gradient at a right angle to the length of the runway

Front 49

Calculate Effective Runway Grade (ERG)

Back 49

Maximum Change in runway elevation
/runway length*100= ERG (in %)

Front 50

Factors to be considered when designing longitudinal and transverse grades

Back 50

Longitudinal: Operational safety

Transverse: promote adequate and rapid water drainage

Front 51

Grade limitations

Back 51

Keep longitudinal grades to a minimum
Provide smooth transition between intersecting pavement surfaces

Front 52

Longitudinal gradients

Back 52

Within 200ft of RWY end: 0 to -3%
Beyond 200ft of RWY: Maximum change is -5%