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42 Cards in this Set
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Classical Baroque Artist: Poussin Title: Landscape with Saint John on Patmos Date : Mid 17th century Materials: Oil on canvas Other: High Renaissance Art characteristics with philosophical qualities. - S shape recession in background - unity of unity - setting is reminiscent of the Italian countryside however it is actually made up of multiple sketches, there is an emphasis on planning -emphasis of great peace and timelessness -biblical subject matter Page 400 |
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Classical Baroque Architects: Perrault and Le Vau Title: Redesigned Louvre, East Façade Date: Mid 17th century (c. 1660) Other: The architects are frenchmen, the french actively kept business internal, would outreach for new knowledge that frenchmen would then learn. A foremost masterpiece of classicsm and French architecture. A renaissance take of Baroque scultpture. Renaissance traits: - Centrally located pediment with clear entrance - Clear decor Baroque traits: - Columns in pairs, supports very deep overhang, emphasizes space (large windows) - Columns spanning two stories |
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Classical Baroque Architects: LeVau and Hardouin-Mansart Title: Versailles, detail of garden facade Date: Late 17th century (1668-1685) Other: A place where the nobility of France were gathered in order for Louis 14th to exert control over them and secure his power. 3 story elevation with Renaissance stonework of the main floor. Porches with shallow balconies provide relief. Would become a symbol of royal extravagance. Though it was built on marshy ground, causing stayers to become quite ill, if you would not spend a majority go your time in the year at Versailles you would be unable to gain favour with the king. See page 397 foranother image of huge scale of the palace of Versailles |
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Classical Baroque Designers:Hardouin-Mansart and Le Brun Title: Hall of Mirrors, Palace of Versailles Date: Late 17th century (begun 1678) Materials: Big mirrors, chandeliers, gilt mouldings, ceiling murals Other: Originally a porter which was enclosed and replaced with 17 arches of mirrors. -mirrors are extremely expensive, and the trade of them only made by a secretive guild in Venice. French government bribed the guild to share the secret so they would not have to import form Venice. -Mirrors create an illusion of roofed pavillion. Ceiling painted with architectural mouldings and figures depicting Louis's success over the Dutch, Holland riding in chariot. Very Baroque Page 398 |
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Classical Baroque Artist: Rigauld Title: Louis XIV—Sun King Date: Early 18th century (1701) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Rigauld painted Louis almost consistently. A top depiction of the monarchy: -located in the hunting lodge -imagery speaks to power, ex. column has a brass relief of the goddess of justice, speaks to the total control of the justice system. -nod to family roots in hand resting on septure of assassinated grand father -builds a cult of personality, very little emphasis placed on the crown Extremely high attention to detail in the piece and a focus on realism of textures Page 396 |
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Rococo Artist: Watteau Title: Pilgrimage to the Island of Cythera Date: Early 18th Century (1717) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Aristocrats as pilgrims to Island of Venus (love) making way to shrine of Venus, in couples, some going, some coming. Set in an Irradescent landscape Ambiguous foliage melancholic undertone of limited, fleeing time in this place of paradise Exhibits romantic notions of Rococo Page 450 |
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Rococo Designer: Boffrand Title: Salonde la Princesse Date: Early 18th century (1732) Other: Representational of an escape of the courtiers from the Versailles courts. Small scale, intimate architectural style, a display of consumption Educated, upper class women hosted events, invite only. The birth of Salon culture. Page 448 |
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Rococo Artist: Fragonard Title: The Meeting Date: Late 18thcentury (1771-1773) Materials: Oil oncanvas Other: exemplary of Rococo notions of romance, and the emphasis and joy put into courting. Part of a series Page 451 |
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Rococo Artist: Labille-Guiard Title: Self Portrait with two Pupils Date: Late 18th century (1788) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Rococo a good time for female artists, however the academy attempted to reign this in by holding a competition which allowed two woman to be accepted. Image is Rococo is the motherly depiction of Guiard, who is leading the two pupils. Maternal instincts were emphasised for woman as desirable Page 456 |
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Country: England Historic Period: Georgian Designer: Henry Hoare II Title: Stourhead Grounds Date: Mid 18th century (1741-1770 Other: Exemplifies English Landscape Gardens based on Classical Baroque landscapes.A Claudian landscape, an ideally setting: meaning, being reminiscent of Claude Lorrain landscapes which focus on spilling light from the horizon, de emphasizing the human figure, and dealing with classical theme of Acadia A slightly larger focus on naturalness than Versailles, though still incredibly artificial. |
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Country: England Historic Period: Georgian Style: Rococo Artist: Gainsborough Title: Robert Andrews and his Wife Date: Mid 18th century (1748-1750) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Not the incredibly lavish dress like in France. Also not romping in nature, it is a statement of ownership over the land. It speaks to the English nobility who take great pride in their land ownership. Page 454 |
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Region:Mesoamerica Culture: Olmec Title: Offering 4 Period: Formative Materials: Jade,greenstone and sandstone Other: Ritualistic Page 402 |
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Region:Mesoamerica Culture: Mayan Period:Classic Title: Portrait Head of Pakal the Great Date: Mid 7th century CE Material: Modelled stucco Other: Found in the kings tomb, not idealized relatively representational of the King's actual features Page 408 |
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Region: Central Andes, South America Culture: Moche Title: Moche Lord with a Feline Date: Between 1st century BCE and 6th Century CE (c. 100 –500 CE) Material: Painted Ceramic Other: Vessels of this kind, used in Moche rituals, were treasured as special luxury items and were buried with individuals of high status Page 414 |
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Country: Nigeria Culture: Nok Title: Head Date: Between 5th century BCE and 3rd century CE (500 BCE –200 CE) Material: Terracotta Other: An example of the Nigerian figurative sculpture of humans and animals. An example of the societies smelting abilities, done in coil style sculpture. Though each one has its own unique figures, which are not idealized and often include scars and disfigurements, they always have D shaped eyes and the knots hair have holes which may have held something at one point At one point a part of a complete human figure Page 431 |
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Country: Nigeria Culture: Ife Title: Brass Head of a Ruler Date: 12th Century CE Technique: Lost wax casting Material: Copper alloy Other: Because of the level of skill in the sculpting and casting methods were thought to be beyond african cultures, these Brass heads were not originally attributed to them. However when that became realized it made the world rethink the art making of African cultures as well as their advancements. They also demonstrate the scaring practices which act as a sign of strength and bravery. |
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Country: Benin Title: Memorial Head of an Oba (king) Date: 16th century CE Technique: Lost wax casting Material: Brass Other: from the benin culture: a great city state. This head belongs to a small group of rare early Benin sculptures called "rolled-collar" heads that are distinguished by the roll collar that serves as a firm base for the exquisitely rendered head Page 431 |
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Country: England Historic Period: Georgian Style: Neoclassical Designer: Adams Title: Neo-classical Redecoration of Syon HouseDate: Mid 18th century (1760-1769) Other: Designs complete schemes based on archeological finds, borrows very literally from these new discoveries. Page 462 |
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Country: USA Historic Period: Federal Style: Neoclassical Architect: Jefferson Title: Monticello Date: Late 18th century (begun 1769 reworked beginning 1809 ) Materials: Brickand structural timber Other: A humbled neo-palladian style home Draws inspiration from the art of ancient Greece, coincides with the enlightenment and mirrors those ideals Page 463 |
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Country: USA and UK Historic Period: Georgian Style: Neoclassical Artist: West Title: Death of Wolfe Date: Late 18th century (1770) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Wolfe is depicted as Christ-like. Made on speculation, (without commission) and then turned into an engraving. Depicts the heroic death of the British General Wolfe in Quebec during the 7 years war. The sky creates a sense that nature is sympathetic to the british. |
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Country: England Historical Period: Georgian Style: Neoclassical Artist: Kauffmann Title: Cornelia Pointing to her Children as her Treasures Date: Late 18th century (c 1785) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Demonstrates the Neo-classical ideal of woman as mothers. A history painting Page 453 |
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Country: Italy Style: Neoclassical Artist: Canova Title: Cupid and Psyche Date: Late 18° century (1787—1793) Material: Marble Other: Formally very clever. Before carrying out the sculpture he did alot of modelling in terracotta, then to life sized plaster and then to marble. Each time he simplified detail to the basic plains of the form. gives the story of a "happy ending" Page 457 |
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Country: France Historic Period: Ancien Regime Style: Neoclassical Artist: David Title: Oath of the Horatii Date: Late 18th Century (1784-1785) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Considered noble to sacrifice family to democracy and citizenship. - demonstrates the believed moral fibre of men vs the weakness of woman Page 459 |
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Country: Spain Movement: Romantic Artist: Goya Title: Third of May, 1808 Date: Early 19th century (1814-1815) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Depicts the result of a Spanish uprising against the French, which led to an organized execution by firing squad. Commemorated by the painting. Mechanical efficiency of firing squad paired with violent gestures of terrified rebels One man in the white shirt, confronts his faceless characters recalling the crucified Jesus. Encapsulates the essence of Romanticism: The sensationally of a current event, loose brushworks, unbalanced composition and the theatrical lighting, as well as a strong display of emotion. Page 469 |
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Country: Germany Movement: Romantic Artist: Friedrich Title: Wanderer above the Mist Date: Early 19th century (1818) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: |
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Country: England Historic Period: Georgian Movement: Romantic Artist: Constable Title: The White Horse Date: Early 19th Century (1819 ) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Paintings created in the studio based on careful sketch studies. The painting is deeply nostalgic of an agrarian past. He captures time of day, humidity, glisten on plants. Page 470. |
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Country: England Historic Period: Victorian Movement: Romantic Artist: Turner Title: Fighting Termeraire Tugged to her Last Berth to be Broken Up Date: mid 19th century Material: Oil on canvas Other: |
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Country: France Historic Period: Bourbon Restoration Movement: Romantic Artist: Gericault Title: Raft of the Medusa Date: Early 19th century (1818—1819) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: A mocking of the british aristocrats and the countries failures in its ruling. Depicts a lifeboat full go the african crew and french settlers who were abandoned without reserves by the aristocrats who were on board the same craft. A snub of the whole government of france, taking a moment and making it an example pf the post-revelutionary France. Dark, sickly colouring. Page 464 |
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Country: France Historic Period: July Monarchy Movement: Romantic Artist: Delacroix Title: Liberty Leading the People July 28, 1830Date: Early 19th century (1830) Materials: Oil on canvas Scale: Huge Other: Allegorical representation of liberty. Holding the flag banned after the fall of napoleon, leading all classes against the French revolutionary military. (and their second attempt at a constitutional monarchy) - artists claims to have observed the fighting - liberty appears rough, mid battle, not idealized. Page 465 |
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Country: USA Style: Academic Artist: Hosmer Title: Zenobiain Chains Date: Mid 19th century (1859) Material: Marble Other: A good period for female artists, though many question if she was the one who actually made her work. Style is very calmed, idealized, emulates higher classical ideals. Depicts Queen Zenobia, a great nationalist and feminist work, challenged Rome and brought in chains to be executed. Page 481 |
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Country: FranceHistoric Period: Second Empire Style: Academic Artist: Cabanel Title: The Birth of Venus Date: Mid 19th century (1863) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Exemplary of academic boudoir painting. Paints a very idealized, nude, sugar dusted, representation of Venus being washed up on the waves |
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Country: France Photographer: Daguerre Title: The Artist’s Studio Date: Mid 19th Century (1837) Technique: Daguerreotype Other: The technique is the use of a chemical combination with a plate in a camera obscura to capture a one off print between two glass plates. The first successful image to be captures, able to compete with academic training, captures varied tone Cannot capture short motion or replication |
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Country: England Period: Victorian Photographer: Fox Talbot Title: The Open Door Date: Mid 19th century (1843) Technique: Salt paper print from a calotype negative (provided the ability to make copies) Other: pseudo-historic photograph. Has a staged, considered placement of the objects |
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Country: France Historic Period:Second Republic Movement: Realism Artist: Courbet Title: A Burialat Ornans Date: Mid 19thcentury (1849) Materials: Oil oncanvas Other: Heavy handed, heavy colours The size usually indicates subject matter that was considered important, when what he is depicting is his grandfathers funeral. A "nobody" would not normally get this scale. Realism in depicting day to day events that the painter was able to witness. Painted with a palette knife, simplified plains of the face. Unsympathetic treatment of the clergymen. |
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Country: Russia Movement: Realism Artist: Repin Title: Barge Haulers on the Volga Date: Late 19thcentury (1870-1873) Material: Oil on canvas Other: An everyday experience of poor greeks who are employed to haul barges, hired out as human horses. |
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Country: England Historic period: Victorian Movement: Pre Raphaelite Brotherhood Artist: Millais Title: Christ in the House of His Parents Date: Mid 19th century (1849-50) Media: Oil on canvas Other: Presents Christs origin in poverty, not idealized. A breaking away form the academy. Page 488 |
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Country: England Period: Victorian Movement: Pre Raphaelite Brotherhood Artist: Hunt Title: The Awakening Conscience Date: Mid 19th century (1853) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: The issue of a kept woman attempting to escape from the man's lap. Depicts a prostitute, who is unusually brought centre stage, looking out the window at an escape Many hidden symbols: - discarded glove, meaning she will be discarded - cat trapping the bird, mirrors the relationship between the man and woman - cheap embroidery tangled, an example of the life she is living. |
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Historic Period: Victorian Country: England Architect: Paxton Title: Crystal Palace Date: Mid 19th century (1851) Materials: Cast iron and plate glass Other: A prime example of the architectural innovation of England, using glass in this quantity was not possible before. However the use of steel to create a frame for the weight of the building to sit on, instead of its walls allows for it.The Palace became a large trade show space in which the browsing culture began to expand, and where goods from all over the world could be shown. |
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Country: England Period: Victorian Movement: Arts and Crafts Design House: Morris and Co. Designers: Phillip Web (chair) William Morris (curtain) Date: Mid 19th century (Begun 1861) Other: The material is very expensive to weave and purchase. The peacock and dragon are lifted from a medieval Islamic text. Sussex chair: Farmers of Sussex, pre industrial revolution, used to make this kind of chair from oak and woven rushes high point of Morris' ambition p. 483 |
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Historic Period: Victorian Country: England Movement: Pre Raphaelite Brotherhood Artist: Rossetti Title: La Pia de’Tolomei Date: Late 19th century (1868-1869) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Medievalist portrait of woman in tower with prayer book, rosary beads and love letters from husband. "La Pie" - a reference from Dante The woman waits to die, falsely suspected of infidelity yet still incredibly loyal to her husband. Symbolism: - crows: death - ivy: botanical symbol of fidelity - fig tree: lust Page 482 |
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Country: France Period: Second Empire Movement: Impossible to classify Artist: Manet Title: Olympia Date: Mid 19th Century (1863) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: A picture of a prostitute, very upsetting, because of how blatant and unmodest the female figure is. The flowers indicate that the courtesan will be arriving soon, something sent as a warning of an upcoming arrival. Page 492 |
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Country: France Period: Third Republic Movement: Impressionist Artist: Monet Title: Impression Sunrise Date: Late 19th century (1872) Materials: Oil on canvas Other: Focus on light and atmosphere, characteristic of impressionism. Quick, loose brush strokes, painted in the moment to capture the light. Page 495 |
