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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the used of a chemical agent which disrupts the nerve impulse transmission in sensory neurons, leading to temporary loss of sensation?
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Local Anesthesia
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What are the advantages of local anesthesia?
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>minimal equipment
>minimal systemic side effects >low cost >excellent pain control >minimal patient recovery time |
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What are the disadvantages of local anesthesia?
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>some risk of overdose
>requires cooperative patient >precise placement of drug >ineffective in fat, none, cartialge,fascia, tendon & other connective tissues |
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Locals affet _________ and ________ while general anesthetics affect the brain.
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peripheral nervous system
spinal cord |
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Sensations are lost in what order when using locals?
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pain, cold, warmth, joint sensation, deep pressure in caudal abdo and pelvic limbs
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Procaine is classified as what type of drug?
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short acting
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What is the onset of procaine and what is the duration of action?
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Onset - 3-5 minutes
30-60 minute duration |
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What are the intermediate acting locals?
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lidocaine
mepivicaine |
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What is the onset and duration of action of lidocaine?
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Onset - 3-5 minutes
60-90 minute duration |
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What is the onset and duration of action of mepivicaine?
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Onset - 3-5 minutes
2-3 hour duration |
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What drug is a long acting local anesthetic?
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Bupivicaine
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What is the onset and duration of action of Bupivicaine?
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Onset - 20-30 minutes
4-6 hour duration |
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Epinephrine is added to lidocaine to?
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>prolong the effect
>reduces potential for toxicity |
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What is the injection site in dogs and cats for epidural injections?
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lumbo-sacral junction (b/t L-7 and S-1)
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The spinal cord terminates in a group of neurons called?
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cauda equine
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To perform epidural anesthesia the injection site must be made where?
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epidural space
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The epidural space is located where?
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b/t the ligamentum flavum and the dura mater
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A spinal or intrathecal injection is when the anesthetic is placed where?
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subarachnoid space
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The subarachnoid space is located where?
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b/t the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater
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If an intrathecal injection is performed the volume of anesthetic should be reduced by _____?
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50%
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