African Art

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-Nigeria: Nok culture500BC- 200AC

-Named after the townit was found within

-Nok terracottaheads, from Nigeria 1st century

- Large eyes and mouthWord is veryimportant to themThe power to see andbe seen

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Head of an Ife King (Oni) Bronze/copper 15th century

-royal 'portraits'

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- Ifeking figures, solid cast bronze/zinc, 12th century

- Wearing marks of aking

- Wearing coral beads-very important

- These figures werecovered in veils as well as the actual king

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Oni adeyeye enitanogunwusi

Received his titlein December 2015

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Terracottahead of Ife queen, 14th century

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Benincity 1670 engraving by olfery dapper

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Brass/bronzehead of an oba c.16th century

Elephant imagery wasimportant Symbolized the king

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Obaerediauwa 1982-2015

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Waistpendant of the queen mother idia c.1520

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Altar to the headand arm (ikegobo) c.17th century

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Beninancestral altar photographed in 1970

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Photograph of 1897British expedition to Benin city

British went in andstole their relics and artwork

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Brassplaque of a Portuguese soldier from Benin 16th century

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Ivory salt cellarcreated by the Master of Symbolic Executions c.1490-1540

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Yoruba decendants ofkings of ife

Olowe of ise1873-1938Carved door Nigeria1925

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Carvedsupport post figured

Yoruba

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Yorubaculture (Nigeria) ibeji (twin) ffigures, 20th century

Carved for deadtwins for soul to reside in. Parents take care of figures (feed, cloth, ect.)

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Yorubamasks and costumes

Must wear for entirefestival

Screws up universeif you dont

Epa headdress 20thcentury

Begining of harvestfestival- sweet potato

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Geledesociety participants- woman

Keeps positiveenergy for woman

They revere Women asvery powerfulAll women parts infestival are played by menWomen owns costume

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Nigeria: Igbo culture, Mbari 'spirit' house

Created for Ala tore-balance positive energyPeople building arenot allowed to leave until its finished

Mud clay Artists createfigures to occupy houseThey representdifferent spirit figure Goddess is alwaysthe largestHouse is meant todecay and return to earthWay of restoringbalance

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Ghana-countryAshanti people

Kente cloth

Each pattern isunique to each person Gold is veryimportant to the ashanti

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Ashanti chiefdisplaying gold jewelry and fly whisk

Status symbols

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Ashanti scale andweights for gold trade

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Akua'bafigures 19th century

Fertility figuresWoman required tocarry all the time

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Akua'ba figureByosei bonsu

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Kane kwei sculptorCoffin maker

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Ivory Coast: Baule 'Spirit" Figures (Asye Usu)

-for divination

-made for spiritualists

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Baule Culture (ivory coast)

Carved Blolo bla (spirit spouse figure)

20th century

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Burkina Fasso: Bwa animal figures, bird, animal, reptile masks

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Ivory coast: Sunufo carved gate 19th century

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Beautiful lady mask 20th cent

Ivory coast: senufo

men dance in mask to calm down male character

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Senufo: Fire spitter mask 20th cent.

composite creatures that incarnate ancestors and bush spirits

masks are mediators

sometimes had their own priests- too powerful

used in funerals to guard spirits

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Sierra Leone: Mende Society Mask

-masks were to made for women to wear

-society teaches woman for 3 years

-mask worn during festivities

-teacher wears the mask and takes on role of spiritual guide

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Bamana culture: Mali, Chi wara headdress

-represents antelope and aardvark

-fertility figure for harvest

-ceremonial dance

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Great mosque at Djenne, Mali

Original was built in the 13th century

1907 renovations

Hypostyle

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Terracotta Warrior from Djenne

inland of the Niger River Delta

15th century

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Mali: The Bandiagara Cliffs

Dogon village near the cliffs

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Mali: Dogon Kanaga Masks 20th century

-Dama: ceremony every 7 years to celebrate the dead lasts for a week

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Dogon family sculpture 20th century

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Cameroon: Bamun and Bamileke cultures

Fon- cheif (each town or area has one)

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Cameroon Bamun Culture 1870

Throne of the King (fon) Nsangu

-Thrones are specific to each ruler. Very imortant status symbol

-each one is created and baptized

-only 2 people permitted to touch

-one chair buried with ruler

-other chair is placed in shrine

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Cameroon: Bamun Royal Palace 1910

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sultan njoya of the bamun 2008

Beads are a status symbol and are used for money

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Cameroon: Bamileke Culture: Kousi Society elepant masks

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Gabon: Kota culture: reliquary Guardian figures

19th century Mbulu Ngulu

-for housing and protecting dead bodies

-concave- female

-convex- male

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Portuguese Traders received by the Manikongo (Great King)

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17th engraving of Loango of the Kongo Kingdom

Published by Olfert Dapper

sophisticated town layout

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Kongo: Nkisi Figures

-for helping to keep order

-nail driven in when you ask for something (take out if you get it)

-will come after you if you do not complete task

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Kongo: Ndop figure 16th century

-serves as a second to the king (can literally take his place at events)

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Kongo: King Mbweke of the Kuba

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Kongo: King Nyimi of the Kuba 2008

-each costume is unique

-each can weigh up to 160lbs

-each king has his own pattern

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Kongo: Kuba Royal mask

Mwaash Mboy- oldest mask

-always wins

-identified with wot (persona of king/father)

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Kongo: Kuba Royal mask

Ngaady Amwaash

-represents women in the story

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Kongo: Kuba Royal mask

Bwoom mask

-can be brother of wot, father, of husband of Ngaady

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Kongo: Mboko (cup bearer) figures

-invoke great carving

-can hold wine or can be for spiritual purposes

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Great Zimbabwe 14th-15th century

stacked stones

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Ethiopia: Royal cemetery of Axum 5th century AC

monolith

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Ethiopia: Axum: Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion

- first construced in the 4th century

- relic contained inside (arc of the covenant)

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Ethiopia: Lalibela: Beta Giorghis (Church of St. George)

13th century

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Ethiopia: Lalibela: Delre Birbau Selassic Church 17th century

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Geez- ancient arabian script

-language of the church

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Tassili

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Central Sahara Desert

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Kalihari Desert

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Southern Africa

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Nok Culture

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Nigeria

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Ife Culture - Odudua

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mythical ancestor who brought metalworking to the people

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Ewuare the Great

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early king of the 15th cent

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Oba

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Benin King

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Olfert Dapper

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(17th cent) Dutch publisher depicting west African prints