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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Veiel's meta-analysis of cognition in depression found three levels of effect in terms of impairment. What cognitive domains were
Low: Medium: High: ? |
Three levels of effect
Low: attention and concentration Moderate: visuo-motor tracking, visual/spatial functions and verbal fluency High: mental flexibility and control and composite indicators of brain impairment |
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___% of patients with major depression will score two or more SDs below normals on the TMT(B) or the Colour-word from of the Stroop as well as on composite indicators (e.g. pathognomonic indicator of LNRB)
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50%
15% will score in this range on tests of memory, visuomotor tracking/scanning, visual spatial functions and verbal fluency |
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Simple attention in depression compared to normals?
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Same.
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Both the severity and the profile of cognitive deficiencies in depression are postulated to be similar to those seen in _________ ___________ ___________ ___________ _________.
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Both the severity and the profile of cognitive deficiencies in depression are postulated to be similar to those seen in moderately severe traumatic brain injury.
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Is depression a hemispheric disorder?
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No clear consensus.
- Traumatic frontal lobe injuries indicate a high correlation between affective disturbances and right frontal lobe - Stroke studies indicate that left-sided lesions are more likely to result in depressive symptoms - In states of pathological laughing and crying: crying is more common with left-sided lesions while laughter more common in right-sided lesions - Temporal lobe epilepsy, no consensus -Cutting (1990) no conclusive results; newer PET evidence goes both ways |
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Reasons to deferentially diagnose depression.
If depressed "functional"? |
- Better to treat actual condition if treatable; get
it right! - Trajectory and outcome vastly different |
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Reasons to deferentially diagnose depression.
If depressed "organic"? |
- Treatment can alleviate some cognitive impairment, even though the underlying condition
may not be affected (although ECT and anti- cholinergic effects may exacerbate) - Severity of the underlying depression may have an effect on the level of cognitive impairment |
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Reversibility of the deficits in depression:
What happens when depressed person becomes euthymic in terms of memory function? |
Memory deficits in depression appear to disappear.
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Following ECT
IQ = Disparity between VIQ and PIQ? |
Sackheim et al (1992) 100 depressed and 50
controls; matched for VIQ, but depressed had significant deficits in PIQ. After ECT IQ improved but the disparity between VIQ and PIQ remained |
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What happens to Stroop, PIQ and visual/constructional abilities following depression treatment?
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Trichard et al (1995) deficits in Stroop, PIQ and
visual/constructional tasks PERSIST after treatment. ?Two types of depression; one irreversible one not? |
