• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/28

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Exanthematous Drug Eruptions




- Pink maculesthat appear in a symmetric


distribution on the trunk and upper extremities,progressively becoming confluent and sometimes slightly palpable




Treatment:


- Discontinue offending medication


- Supportive Care:


- Topical antipruritics, corticosteroids, bland emollients, oral antihistamines




May persist up to 4 weeks after drug is D/C

Urticaria (hives)




- Transient erythematous, edematous pruritic papules and plaqueswith central pallor


- Duration: 24 hours, if > 24 hrs think urticarial vasculitis




Treatment


- Withdrawal of causative agent


- Antihistamines

Urticaria (hives)




- Transient erythematous, edematous pruritic papules and plaques with central pallor


- Duration: 24 hours, if > 24 hrs think urticarial vasculitis




Treatment:


-Withdrawal of causative agent


- Antihistamines

Angioedema




- Possible anaphylactic symptom




Treatment


- Immediate discontinuation of causative agent


- Epinephrine


- Possible hospitalization and system steroids

Phototoxicity




- Light + Drug = Cutaneous inflammation


- Exaggeratedsunburn


- Followed by hyperpigmentation




Treatment


- Discontinue medication, or dose it at bedtime


- Decrease sun exposure or dosage of drug




Medications that cause phototoxic Rxs


- Tetracyclines- doxycycline, demeclocycline


- NSAIDs- naproxen


- Fluoroquinolones


- Antiarrhythmics- amiodarone, quinidine


- Diuretics: Furosemide, Thiazides


- Psoralens


- Phenothiazines - chlorpromazine


- St. John's wort

Phytophotodermatitis




- Phototoxic reaction characterized by linearerythematous streaks occurring about 1 day after skin contact with plantscontaining furocoumarins and exposureto UVR:




- Celery


- Limes


- Parsley


- Figs

Photoallergic Eruption






Treatment


- Drug withdrawal


- Cool compress


- Topical steroids


- Broad spectrum Sunscreen


- Sun Avoidance


- Mild emollients


- Mild analgesics




Meds that cause photo allergic RXns


- Sunscreens


- Fragrances


- Antimicrobial agents


- NSAIDs


- Antiarrhythmics


- Antifungal


- Antimalarial


- Antimicrobials





Meds that cause photoallergic RXns

- Sunscreens


- Fragrances


- Antimicrobial agents


- NSAIDs


- Antiarrhythmics


- Antifungal


- Antimalarial


- Antimicrobials

Erythema Multiforme




- skin-directed immune reaction that occurs in thesetting of infection in certain ‘predisposed’ patients (HSV, mycoplasma)


- Target lesions most often onextremities (palms and soles) but may also be on trunk or face, or


some mucosal involvement




Treatment


- Episodes usually last 2 weeks and heal without scarring


- Topical: antiseptics for eroded skin


- Systemic: Suppressive antiviral therapy (HSV),


antihistamines, possibly corticosteroids


- Prophylactic: Acyclovir or Valacyclovir

Erythema Multiforme

Erythema Multiforme

Stevens-JohnsonSyndrome




Characteristics:


- widespreadmucosal involvement in addition to areas of blistering and epidermal detachment(<10 %)


- Positive Nikolsky Sign


- Painful!


- Occurs 7-21days after initiation of drug


- Mortality = 1-5%




Treatment:


- D/C drug use


- Supportive care in burn unit




Complications


- Fluid Loss, electrolyte imbalance, infections

Stevens-JohnsonSyndrome

Stevens-JohnsonSyndrome

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Medications that cause


Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)

- Allopurinol


- NSAIDs


- Antibiotics


- Anticonvulsants



Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)




- Similar to SJS but more widespread, > 30% BSA


- Positive Nikolsky Sign


- Mortality 25-35%




Treatment




- STOP THE OFFENDING MEDICATION


- Supportive care in burn unit


Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Exfoliative Erythroderma




- AKA Red Man syndrome


- Diffuse erythema followed by desquamation




Treatment:


- Stop the medication


- Antihistamines if itchy




Drugs Associated with Erythroderma


- Allopurinol


- Beta-lactam antibiotics


- Carbamazepine/oxcarbazepine


- Gold


- Phenobarbital


- Phenytoins


- Sulfasalazine


- Sulfonamides


- Zalcitabine

Exfoliative Erythroderma

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)



- Facial Edema is common and is a hallmark of DRESS


- Most common visceral involvement is liver




Treatment


- Systemic Corticosteroids (LONG TAPER)


- Withdrawal of offending drug


(rash may persist months after withdrawal)

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)



Fixed Drug Eruption




- Solitary well-circumscribed erythematous, "dusky" merciless that evil into plaques or bullae


- Most common on face, genitalia


- Develop 1-2 weeks after first exposure


- Areas may burn or itch


- Eruption appears in the same spot each time the drug is taken.


- Most commonly due:


- Sulfonamides (in laxatives)


- Antibiotics (tetracyclines)


- NSAIDs


- Barbiturates




Treatment:


- Stop the drug


- Supportive care





Vasculitis




- Clinical: Palpable purpura - most oftenlower extremities


- Complicationsinclude involvement of kidney, liver, GI tract, joints, and CNS


- May be life threatening




Treatment


- Stop the drug

Vasculitis


- Clinical: Palpable purpura

Vasculitis


- Clinical: Palpable purpura