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1070 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Grape of Taurasi DOCG
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Aglianico, DOCG from Campania
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grape of Fiano di Avolino DOCG
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white wine from Campania, grape is Fiano
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What is Greco di Tufo
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DOCG white from Campania, Greco is the grape
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What is Taburno
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DOC red from campania, Aglianico is the grape
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What is the Sicilian DOCG & Grape
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Cerasuolo di Vittoria, red wine DOCG, the grape is Nerello Calabrese
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Styles of Marsala
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Fine, Superiore, Vergine, Solera
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Grapes of Marsala
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Grillo, Cataratto, Nerello, Inzolia
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Best grape of Valpolicella
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Corvino
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Refosco is known as what?
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Same as Mondeuse, called this in Friuli
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Styles of wine of Coli Orientali
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R- Int'l varietieals, merlot W- Int'l variteals, friulano SW- Ramandalo
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Biggest appelation of Friuli and grape?
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Friuli-Grave, Merlot
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What is Cargmignano DOCG
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Red, 65% Sangiovese and up to 20% Cab Sauv, Tuscany
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Aging requirement for Brunello
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2 years wood, 2 years bottle / riserva 3 years wood, 2 years bottle
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Chianti DOCG rules
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min 80% Sangiovese, up to 20% white grapes Trebbiano and Cannaiolo
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Chianti Classico DOCG rules
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may be 100% sangioves, up to 10% Cab Sauv
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Chianti Sub Regions
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Chaint Paisano, Chianti Rufina, Chianto Arienti, Montalbano, Colli senesi, Chianti Classico, Chianti Florentini
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Vino Nobile di Montalcino aging rules
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2 years, min 12 months in wood
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Montefalco di Sangrantino rules
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DOCG from Umbria, dry and sweet red DOCG
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Torgiano Riserva rules
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DOCG from Umbria, Sangiovese based- .5% higher alcohol than regular Torgiano
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Albana di Romagna
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1st white DOCG (1987), in Emilia-Romagna, made from Albana- dry, off-dry, sweet, passito styles
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Vernaccia di Serepetrone rules
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DOCG from Marches, grapes are Vernaccia/Sangiovese/Montepulciano- semi sweet, sweet, spumante reds
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Uva di Troia is?
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grape from Apulia, speciafically Castel del Monte, IlFalcone- riserva from rivera is best
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Zones of Barbaresco
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Barbaresco, Treisa, Neivo
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What is cinque terre
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DOC from Liguria, grape is Bosco
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Sub districts of valtellina
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inferno, grumello, sasella, vagella, stagliafasi, maroggia
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Where is Santa Maddelena
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generic appelation of alto adige, schiava is the dominant grape
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Catch all DOC for Alto Adige
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Valdadige
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River of Barolo and Barbaresco?
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Tanaro
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Soils of Barolo?
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Tortanian, Helevatian
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the zones of Barolo
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La Morra, Castiglione Falleto, Barolo, Monforte d'Alba, Serralunga d'Alba
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Grape of Taurasi DOCG
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Aglianico, DOCG from Campania
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grape of Fiano di Avolino DOCG
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white wine from Campania, grape is Fiano
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What is Greco di Tufo
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DOCG white from Campania, Greco is the grape
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What is Taburno
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DOC red from campania, Aglianico is the grape
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What is the Sicilian DOCG & Grape
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Cerasuolo di Vittoria, red wine DOCG, the grape is Nerello Calabrese
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Styles of Marsala
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Fine, Superiore, Vergine, Solera
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Grapes of Marsala
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Grillo, Cataratto, Nerello, Inzolia
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Best grape of Valpolicella
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Corvino
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Refosco is known as what?
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Same as Mondeuse, called this in Friuli
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Styles of wine of Coli Orientali
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R- Int'l varietieals, merlot W- Int'l variteals, friulano SW- Ramandalo
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Biggest appelation of Friuli and grape?
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Friuli-Grave, Merlot
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What is Cargmignano DOCG
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Red, 65% Sangiovese and up to 20% Cab Sauv, Tuscany
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Aging requirement for Brunello
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2 years wood, 2 years bottle / riserva 3 years wood, 2 years bottle
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Chianti DOCG rules
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min 80% Sangiovese, up to 20% white grapes Trebbiano and Cannaiolo
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Chianti Classico DOCG rules
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may be 100% sangioves, up to 10% Cab Sauv
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Chianti Sub Regions
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Chaint Paisano, Chianti Rufina, Chianto Arienti, Montalbano, Colli senesi, Chianti Classico, Chianti Florentini
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Vino Nobile di Montalcino aging rules
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2 years, min 12 months in wood
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Montefalco di Sangrantino rules
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DOCG from Umbria, dry and sweet red DOCG
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Torgiano Riserva rules
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DOCG from Umbria, Sangiovese based- .5% higher alcohol than regular Torgiano
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Albana di Romagna
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1st white DOCG (1987), in Emilia-Romagna, made from Albana- dry, off-dry, sweet, passito styles
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Vernaccia di Serepetrone rules
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DOCG from Marches, grapes are Vernaccia/Sangiovese/Montepulciano- semi sweet, sweet, spumante reds
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Uva di Troia is?
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grape from Apulia, speciafically Castel del Monte, IlFalcone- riserva from rivera is best
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Zones of Barbaresco
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Barbaresco, Treisa, Neivo
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What is cinque terre
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DOC from Liguria, grape is Bosco
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Sub districts of valtellina
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inferno, grumello, sasella, vagella, stagliafasi, maroggia
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Where is Santa Maddelena
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generic appelation of alto adige, schiava is the dominant grape
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Catch all DOC for Alto Adige
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Valdadige
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River of Barolo and Barbaresco?
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Tanaro
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Soils of Barolo?
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Tortanian, Helevatian
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the zones of Barolo
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La Morra, Castiglione Falleto, Barolo, Monforte d'Alba, Serralunga d'Alba
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Grape of Taurasi DOCG
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Aglianico, DOCG from Campania
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|
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grape of Fiano di Avolino DOCG
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white wine from Campania, grape is Fiano
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What is Greco di Tufo
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DOCG white from Campania, Greco is the grape
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What is Taburno
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DOC red from campania, Aglianico is the grape
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What is the Sicilian DOCG & Grape
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Cerasuolo di Vittoria, red wine DOCG, the grape is Nerello Calabrese
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Styles of Marsala
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Fine, Superiore, Vergine, Solera
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Grapes of Marsala
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Grillo, Cataratto, Nerello, Inzolia
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Best grape of Valpolicella
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Corvino
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Refosco is known as what?
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Same as Mondeuse, called this in Friuli
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Styles of wine of Coli Orientali
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R- Int'l varietieals, merlot W- Int'l variteals, friulano SW- Ramandalo
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Biggest appelation of Friuli and grape?
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Friuli-Grave, Merlot
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What is Cargmignano DOCG
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Red, 65% Sangiovese and up to 20% Cab Sauv, Tuscany
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Aging requirement for Brunello
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2 years wood, 2 years bottle / riserva 3 years wood, 2 years bottle
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Chianti DOCG rules
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min 80% Sangiovese, up to 20% white grapes Trebbiano and Cannaiolo
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Chianti Classico DOCG rules
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may be 100% sangioves, up to 10% Cab Sauv
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Chianti Sub Regions
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Chaint Paisano, Chianti Rufina, Chianto Arienti, Montalbano, Colli senesi, Chianti Classico, Chianti Florentini
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Vino Nobile di Montalcino aging rules
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2 years, min 12 months in wood
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Montefalco di Sangrantino rules
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DOCG from Umbria, dry and sweet red DOCG
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Torgiano Riserva rules
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DOCG from Umbria, Sangiovese based- .5% higher alcohol than regular Torgiano
|
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Albana di Romagna
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1st white DOCG (1987), in Emilia-Romagna, made from Albana- dry, off-dry, sweet, passito styles
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|
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Vernaccia di Serepetrone rules
|
DOCG from Marches, grapes are Vernaccia/Sangiovese/Montepulciano- semi sweet, sweet, spumante reds
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|
Uva di Troia is?
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grape from Apulia, speciafically Castel del Monte, IlFalcone- riserva from rivera is best
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Zones of Barbaresco
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Barbaresco, Treisa, Neivo
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What is cinque terre
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DOC from Liguria, grape is Bosco
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Sub districts of valtellina
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inferno, grumello, sasella, vagella, stagliafasi, maroggia
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Where is Santa Maddelena
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generic appelation of alto adige, schiava is the dominant grape
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Catch all DOC for Alto Adige
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Valdadige
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River of Barolo and Barbaresco?
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Tanaro
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Soils of Barolo?
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Tortanian, Helevatian
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the zones of Barolo
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La Morra, Castiglione Falleto, Barolo, Monforte d'Alba, Serralunga d'Alba
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5 specifics of erste gewachs
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1. rheingau only 2. dry in style 3. can chaptalize 4. tasted using the senses 5. max yields are 50 hl/ha
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7 main specifics of grosses gewachs
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1. wine must come from highly rated vineyards 2. dry in style with no pradikat mentioned 3. min spatlese must weight 4. tated using the senses 5. hand harvested 50 hl/ha 6. comes from germany 7. cannot chaptilize
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3 specifics of erste lagen
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1. mosel only 2. no chaptilization allowed 3. translated into 1st site
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4 quality levels for VDP's
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1.erste gewachs 2. gross gewachs 3. klassifizierte lagenwein (harvested at a max of 65hl/ha) 4. gutsweine
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weisherbst?
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single variety rose with varietal stated, found in baden
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schillerwein?
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co-fermented rose from scwartz riesling, wurttemburg
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classic wine?
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max yields 60 hl/ha, auslese ripeness levels, einzellage specific, RS=1.5x's the amt of acid
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sugar levels for trocken and halbtrocken
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9 g/l for trocken, 18 g/l for halb-trocken
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anreiching
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chaptalization
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sub districts of rias baixas
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condado do tea, o rosal, soutomajor, ribiera de ulla, val do salnes
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regions of armagnac
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haut-armagnac, bas-armagnac, tenareze
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AC's of armagnac
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armagnac, srmagnac-tenareze, bas-armagnac, haut-armagnac
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regions of cognac
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grande champagne, petite champagne, borderies, fins bois, bons bois, bois ordinaires/bois a terroir
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bollinger
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grande annee
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krug
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krug collection, grand cuvee
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laurent perrier
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grand siecle
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louis roederer
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cristal
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moet & chandon
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dom perignon
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perrier jouet
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belle epoque
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pol roger
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winston churchill
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pommery
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cuvee louise
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ruinart
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dom ruinart
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taittinger
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comtes de champagne
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jacquesson
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grand signature
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bottle sizes
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bottle, magnum, jeroboam 3L, methusaleh 6L, salmanazar 9L, balthazar 12 L, nebuchadnezzar 15L
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putton and gonc sizes
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20-25 kg / 28 L, 136 Liters for a gonc
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bulgaria
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danubian plain region, black sea region, subbalkan region, thracian region, strouma region
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veneto DOC
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bardolino, gambellara, torcolato breganze, amarone
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districts of burgundy
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chablis (yonne), cote de nuits, hautes cotes de nuits, cote de beaune, hautes cote de beaune, cote challonaise or region de mercurey, cote macconais, beaujolais
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what is maury
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R,W,rose VDN in rousillon- grenache, similar to banyuls- table wines are cotes du rousillon villages AC
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grapes of st peray
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marsanne, roussanne- sparkling wine, southernmost region of the N. Rhone
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what is rasteau
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VDN red wines form the southern rhone- can actually come from rasteau, cairanne, sablet, table R,W,Ro are CDR villages
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best soil of sherry
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albarizo- best, classified into pagos- largest is macharnudo, miraflores and anina are also important
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soils of sherry
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albarizo- mainly chalk, arenas- sandy, barros-clay
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dos malvedos
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graham's
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quinta do seixo
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ferreira
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do panascal
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fonseca
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vargellas
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taylor
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quinta de terra feita
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taylor
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quinta dos canais
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cockburn's
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quinta do cavadinha
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warre's
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quinta do bomfim
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dow
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quinta da senhora da ribeiro
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dow
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do roeda
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croft
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quinta da foz
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calem
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quinto do silval
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quinto do noval
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CM
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cooperative de manipulant- champagne has been made by a co-op
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NM
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negociant-manipulant: wine has been made under the name of the house that sells it
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RM
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recoltant-manipulant: champagne is produced by a grower from their own grapes
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RC
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recoltant-cooperateur: grower is selling wine from their own grapes but it is made from a cooperative
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MA
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marques d'acheteur: buyer's own brand- wine is bought from a producer and sold under another name
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SR
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societe de recoltant: champagne is sold under the name of a company created by growers who are of the same family
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NR
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negociant distributeur: company that sells champagne it did not make to others who then sell it
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saar river villages
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ayl, kanzem, ockfen, saarburg, serrig, sharzhof, wiltingen (swoskas)
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ruwer river villages
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eitelsbach, kasel, maximin grunhaus, mertesdorf,
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mosel river villages
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bernkastel, brauneberg, erden, graach, leiwen, neumagen, piesport, trier, trittenheim, urzig, wehlen, winningen, zeltingen
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rheingau villages
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eltville, erbach, geisenheim, hochheim, johannisberg, kiedrich, rauenthal, rudesheim
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mittelrhein village
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bacharach
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rheinhessen villages
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nackenheim, nierstein, oppenheim
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nahe villages- nahe river
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bad kreuznach, monsingen, niederhausen, oberhausen, schlossbockelheim, traisen
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pfalz villages- rhein river
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bad durkheim, deidesheim, forst, kallstadt, neustadt, ruppertsberg, traisen, ungstein, wachenheim
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franken villages, main river
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castel, iphofen, randersacker, steinfeld eshendorf, wurzburg
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steinwein
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from wurzburg stein vienyard
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Sardinia DOCG?
|
Vermintino di Gallura- white wine, 95% vermintino grape- above 14% alcohol may be called superiore
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Marches DOCG?
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Rosso conero Riserva, Vernaccia di Serrapatrona (smi sweet or sweet red sparkling wine)
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Abruzzi DOCG?
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montepulciano d'abruzzi di colline terramane, 90% montepulciano- aged 2 years, 1 in wood (three years for riserva)
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What is loupiac?
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sweet dessert wine from the Entre Doux Mers
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what are the varietals of cahors
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malbec, tannat, merlot- malbec is the main one
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four varietals of jurancon
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petit manseng, gros manseng, courbou, camalaret
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what is coullioure
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rousillon region, red wine
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what is pacherenc du vic-bilh?
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white wine AC from same region as Madiran- can be sec, demi-sec, or dry / SE france near Entrée deux mers
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what does gran reserva mean?
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spanish term, wines must be aged five calendar years with 2 in barricas
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where is waikato
|
north island new zealand
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minimum alcohol for QbA / QMP
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QbA = 7% / QmP = 7% for Kabinett to Auslese, BA to TBA = 5.5%
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how much does a tonneau hold?
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900 litres, 238 gallons = 4 barriques
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synonyms for chassellas in switzerland
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fendant, doran, perlan
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best region for port, main city?
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Cima Corgo- town of Pinhao
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port grapes red and white
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R-touriga nacional, tinta barraco, tinta cao, tinta roriz (aragonez), touriga francisca, touriga franca, trincadera, donzelhino tinto, bastardo / W-arinto, donzelino branca, gouveio, malvasia fino, rabigato, viosinho
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cillages of coteaux du layon
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faye d'anjou, beaulieu sur layon, roquefort sur loire, rablay sur layon, st. aubin de luignes, st lambert de lattay
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what and where is montlouis
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touraine, chenin blanc, south of the river facing vouvray- dry, semi dry, sweet, & sparkling styles
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Rutherglen muscat aging requirements
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rutherglen muscat 2-5 years, classic 5-10 years, grand 10-15, rare 20+ years
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yeast used for beer making
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saccharomyces carlsbergensis for lager (bottom fermenting), saccharomyces cerevisae
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suregions of central otago
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wanaka, gibbston, lake hayes, alexandra
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what is dole?
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swiss red blend of pinot noir (min 50%) and gamay
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what is the main grape of ticino
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merlot, italian canton of switzerland
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what are the classifications in wachau
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steinfeder, ferderspiel, smaragd
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what year was alsace given grand cru status
|
currently 51, first year was 1983
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where is ucles
|
central part of spain, north of la mancha, south of rioja- DO red from tempranillo, cab sauv, merlot, syrah, grenache
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portuguese quality levels?
|
lowest to highest= VdM (vinhos de mesa), VR (vinhos regionais), IPR (indicaco de proveniencia regulamentada), DOC (denomincao de origem controlada)
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what is piage
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pumping over
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how big is a barrique
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225L
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scotch whiskey from campbelton
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glen scotia, springbank
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cote challonaise for white only
|
montagny, bouzeron
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districts of overberg?
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walker bay, bot river, mossel bay
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austria sugar measurement?
|
KMW. Klosterneuburger mostwaage
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echelle de cru system
|
champagne, 80-89% cru, 90 - 99% premier cru, 100% grand cru
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where is debro?
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eger wine region, northern hungary
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chateau latour 1st growth paillac 2nd label
|
les forts de latour
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chateau margaux 1st growth margaux 2nd lable
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pavillon rouge de margaux
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ch lafite rothschild 1st growth 2nd label
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carruades de lafite-rotshchild
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ch haut brian 1st growth graves, pessac leognan- pessac
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bahans haut-brion
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ch mouton-rotschild 1st growth pauillac
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le petit mouton de mouton-rotschild
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ch montrose 2nd growth st estephe
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la dame de montrose
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ch cos d'estournel 2nd growth st estephe
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les pagodes de cos
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ch gruaud-larose 2nd growth st julien
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sarget de gruaud-larose
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ch leoville les cases 2nd growth st julien
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clos du marquis
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ch leoville barton 2nd growth st julien
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la reserve de leoville barton
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ch leoville poyferre 2nd growth st julien
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chateau moulin riche
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ch lascombes 2nd growth margaux
|
chevalier des lascombes
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ch durfort vivens 2nd growth margaux
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vivens de durfort vivens
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ch ducru-beaucaillou 2nd growth st julien
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le croix de beacaillou
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ch rauzan seglaus 2nd growth st julien
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segla
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ch rauzan gassies 2nd growth st julien
|
chevalier de rauzan-gassies
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ch pichon longueville baron 2nd growth pauillac
|
les tourelles de longueville
|
|
|
ch pichon pichon longueville comtesse de la lande 2nd growth pauillac
|
reserve de la comtesse
|
|
|
ch brane cantenac 2nd growth cantenac margaux
|
la baron de brane
|
|
|
ch kirwan 3rd growth margaux cantenac
|
les charmes de kirwan
|
|
|
ch d'issan 3rd growth margaux cantenac
|
blason d'issan
|
|
|
ch boyd cantenac 3rd growth margaux cantenac
|
jacques boyd
|
|
|
ch cantenac brown 3rd growth margaux cantenac
|
brio de cantenac-brown
|
|
|
ch marquis d'alesme baker 3rd growth margaux
|
marquise d'alesme
|
|
|
ch ferriere 3rd growth margaux
|
les ramparts de ferriere
|
|
|
ch malescot-st-xuprey 3rd growth margaux
|
la dame de malescot
|
|
|
ch desmirail 3rd growth margaux
|
initial de dismirail
|
|
|
ch lagrange 3rd growth st julien
|
la fiefs de lagrange
|
|
|
ch langoa barton 3rd growth st julien
|
lady langoa
|
|
|
ch palmer 3rd growth cantenac margaux
|
alter ego de palmer
|
|
|
ch calon segur 3rd growth st estephe
|
ch marquis de calon
|
|
|
ch lagune 3rd growth haut medoc ludon
|
moulin de la lagune
|
|
|
ch giscours 3rd growth margaux labarde
|
la sirene de giscours
|
|
|
ch st pierre 4th growth st julien
|
no second label
|
|
|
ch beycheville 4th growth st julien
|
admiral de beychevelle
|
|
|
ch talbot 4th growth st julien
|
connetable de talbot
|
|
|
ch branaire ducru 4th growth st julien
|
duluc de branaire-ducru
|
|
|
ch duhart-milon-rotshcild 4th growth pauillac
|
moulin de duhart
|
|
|
ch priere lichine 4th growth margaux cantenac
|
la cloitre prieure-lichine
|
|
|
ch pouget 4th growth margaux cantenac
|
artoine-pougeot
|
|
|
ch lafon rochet 4th growth st estephe
|
les pelerins de lafon-rochet
|
|
|
ch marquis de terme 4th growth margaux
|
les gondats de marquis de terme
|
|
|
ch la tour carnet 4th growth haut medoc st laurent
|
les douves de carnet
|
|
|
ch dauzac 5th growth margaux labarde
|
la bastide de dauzac
|
|
|
ch batailley 5th growth pauillac
|
no second label
|
|
|
ch haut-batailley 5th growth pauillac
|
chateau la tour l'aspic
|
|
|
ch lynch bages 5th growth pauillac
|
ch hau-bages averous
|
|
|
ch lynch moussas 5th growth pauillac
|
les hauts de lynch moussas
|
|
|
ch grand puy lacoste 5th growth pauillac
|
lacoste borie
|
|
|
ch grand puy ducasse 5th growth pauillac
|
prelude a grande-puy ducasse
|
|
|
ch haut bages liberal 5th growth pauillac
|
la chapelle de bages
|
|
|
ch pontet canet 5th growth pauillac
|
les hauts de pontet-canet
|
|
|
ch pedesclaux 5th growth pauillac
|
sens de pedesclaux
|
|
|
ch clerc-milon 5th growth pauillac
|
no second label
|
|
|
ch d'amaiilac 5th growth pauillac
|
no second label
|
|
|
ch cos-labory 5th growth st estephe
|
le charme labory
|
|
|
ch croizer-bages 5th growth pauillac
|
la tourelle de croizet-bages
|
|
|
ch camensac 5th growth haut medoc st laurent
|
la closerie de camensac
|
|
|
ch belgrave 5th growth st laurent haut medoc
|
diane de belgrave
|
|
|
ch du tertre 5th growth margaux arsac
|
les hauts du tertre
|
|
|
ch cantmerle 5th growth haut medoc macau
|
les allees de cantemerle
|
|
|
ch bouscat graves cru classe
|
les chenes de bouscat
|
|
|
ch carbonnieux graves cru classe
|
la tour-legnan
|
|
|
domaine de chevalier graves cru classe
|
l'espirit de chevalier
|
|
|
ch couhins graves cru classe
|
couhins la gravette
|
|
|
ch de fieuzal graves cru classe
|
l'abeille de fieuzal
|
|
|
ch haut-bailly graves cru classe
|
le parde de haut-bailly
|
|
|
ch latour-martillac graves cru classe
|
lagrave-martillac
|
|
|
ch malarctic-lagraviere graves cru classe
|
sillage de malartic
|
|
|
ch la mission haut-brion graves cru classe
|
la chapelle de la mission
|
|
|
ch olivier graves cru classe
|
le seigneurie d'olivier du chateau olivier
|
|
|
ch pape clement graves cru classe
|
le clementin du pape clement
|
|
|
ch smith-haut-lafite graves cru classe
|
les hauts de smith
|
|
|
ch ausone premier grand gru classe A st-emilion
|
chappelle d'ausone
|
|
|
ch cheval blanc premier grand cru classe A st-emilion
|
la petit cheval
|
|
|
ch angelus premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
carillon d'angelus
|
|
|
ch beausejour premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
croix de beausejour
|
|
|
ch beau-sejour becot premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
tournelle de beau-sejour becot
|
|
|
ch canon premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
clos de canon
|
|
|
ch figeac premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
closerie de fourtet
|
|
|
ch la gaffeliere premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
clos la gaffeliere
|
|
|
ch magdelaine premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
sanges de magdelaine
|
|
|
ch pavie-macquin premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
les chenes de macquin
|
|
|
ch troplong mondot premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
mondot
|
|
|
ch trottevielle premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
la vielle dame de trotteveille
|
|
|
ch canon-la-gaffaliere grand cru st-emilion
|
cote mignon la gaffeliere
|
|
|
ch grand corbin-despagne grand cru classe st-emilion
|
petit corbin-despagne
|
|
|
clos fourtet grand crus classe B st-emilion
|
la closerie de fourtet
|
|
|
ch pavie premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
ch tour simard
|
|
|
ch chasse-spleen cru bourgeois medoc
|
l'ermitage de chasse-spleen & l'oratoire de chasse-spleen
|
|
|
ch haut-marbuzet cru borgeois medoc
|
ch maccarthy
|
|
|
ch labegorce zede cru borgeois medoc
|
domaine zede and Z de Zede
|
|
|
ch phelan segur cru borgeois
|
frank phelan
|
|
|
ch potensac cru borgeois medoc
|
la chapelle de potensac
|
|
|
ch pojeaux cru bourgeois medoc
|
la salle de poujeaux
|
|
|
ch citran cru bourgeois medoc
|
moulins de citran
|
|
|
st emilion satellites
|
st-georges, lussac, puisseguin, montagne
|
|
|
fixin 1er cru ac cote de nuits
|
les arvelets, clos du chapitre, le perriere, en suchot, le village
|
|
|
gevrey-chambertin 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
aux combettes, les corbeaux, petit chapelle, la romanee, champitennois, cherbandes, au closeau
|
|
|
morey st denis 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
clos des ormes, clos sorbe, les sorbes, les chaffots, aux charmes, les ruchots, les millandes, monts luissants, le village
|
|
|
chambolle-musigny 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
les amoureuses, les charmes, les baudes, les lavrottes, les noirots, les plantes
|
|
|
vougeot 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
les cras, clos de la perriere, les petit vougeots, la vigne blanche
|
|
|
vosne-romanee 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
les bruless, en orveaux*, cros-parantoux, les petits-monts, les suchots, les beaux monts hauts*, le rouges du dessus*
|
|
|
nuits-st-georges 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
les porets, les argillats, clos arlot, aux champ perdrix, les grandes vignes, la ronciere, les perrieres, les terres blanches, aux thorey
|
|
|
ladoix 1er cru cote de beaune
|
hauts morottes, rognet et corton, bois roussot, la micaude
|
|
|
pernand-vergelesses 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
en cardeaux, creux de la net, les fichots, las basses vergelesses
|
|
|
aloxe-corton 1 er cru AC cote de beaune
|
les fournieres, les valozieres, les paulands, le mare chaudes, les moutottes, les meix, les vercots
|
|
|
savigny-les-beaune 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
les lavieres, la dominode, aux vergelesses, les marconnets, aux guettes
|
|
|
beaune 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
aux cras, clos de avaux, le clos de mouches, les cents vignes, les avaux, la vigne de l'enfant jesus, les vignes franches
|
|
|
pommard 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
les rugiens-bas, les rugiens-hauts, les petits epenots, clos blanc, les grands epenots, la chaniere
|
|
|
volnay 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
clos de ducs, clos de chene, taille pieds, bousse d'or, en cailleret, les caillerets, en champans, clos de 60 ouvrees, cailleret dessus
|
|
|
monthelie 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
le cas rouget, les champs fulliot, les riottes, sur lavelle, la taupine, le meix bataille
|
|
|
auxey duresses 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
bas de duresses, les bretterins, la chapelle, climat du val, les grands champs
|
|
|
meursault 1er cru Ac cote de beaune
|
les caillerets, les santenots blancs, les gouttes d'or, le jeunelotte, le porusot, la piece sous le bois, aux perrieres
|
|
|
blagny-meursault 1er cru cote de beaune
|
le jeunelotte, la piece sous le bois, sous blagny, hameau du blagny*, sous le puits*
|
|
|
puligny-montrachet 1er cru cote de beaune
|
le cailleret, les chalumeaux, peix bois, les pucelles, clos de la garenne
|
|
|
chassagne-montrachet 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
les cchamps gain, dent de chien, la maltroie, vide bourse, vigne blanche, la chapelle, ez crets, ez crottes
|
|
|
saint-aubin 1er cru cote e beaune
|
les frionnes, les murgers des dents de chien, le charmois, le chateniere, les castets en remilly
|
|
|
Maranges
|
cheilly, dezize, sampigny
|
|
|
cheilly-les-maranges 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
petit clos roussots, les clos roussots
|
|
|
sampigny-les-maranges 1 er cru cote de beaune
|
les clos des rois, les clos roussots
|
|
|
dezize-les-maranges 1er cru cote de beaune
|
la fussiere, clos de la fussiere
|
|
|
santenay 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
clos de tavannes, les gravieres, la maladiere, la comme dessus
|
|
|
chablis 1er cru AC
|
montee de tonnerre, cote de lechet, les forets, fourchaume, mont de milieu, vaillons, vacoupin, vosgros, le forneaux, montmains
|
|
|
alsace grand cru AC
|
zotzenberg, altenberg de bergheim, hengst, bruderthal, furstentum, goldert, kessler, saering, rosacker, sommerberg, steinklotz, brand, kitterle, moenchberg
|
|
|
south burnett
|
queensland
|
|
|
glenrowan
|
victoria
|
|
|
beechworth
|
victoria
|
|
|
upper goulbourn
|
victoria
|
|
|
gippsland
|
victoria
|
|
|
sunbury
|
victoria
|
|
|
alpine valleys
|
victoria
|
|
|
swan hill
|
victoria
|
|
|
henty
|
victoria
|
|
|
gippsland
|
victoria
|
|
|
hastings river
|
nsw
|
|
|
southern highlands
|
nsw
|
|
|
shoalhaven coast
|
nsw
|
|
|
riverina
|
nsw
|
|
|
canberra district
|
nsw
|
|
|
pericoota
|
nsw
|
|
|
mt benson
|
SA
|
|
|
southern flinders ranges
|
SA
|
|
|
riverland
|
SA
|
|
|
kangaroo island
|
SA
|
|
|
currency creek
|
SA
|
|
|
robe
|
SA
|
|
|
swan district
|
WA
|
|
|
manjimup
|
WA
|
|
|
pemberton
|
WA
|
|
|
peel
|
WA
|
|
|
bad kreuznach
|
nahe
|
|
|
wehlen
|
mosel
|
|
|
eitelsbach
|
ruwer
|
|
|
forst
|
pfalz
|
|
|
ostreich
|
?
|
|
|
les porets
|
nuits st georges
|
|
|
clos des ormes
|
morey st denis
|
|
|
les amoureuses
|
chambolle musigny
|
|
|
clos des ducs
|
volnay
|
|
|
CDR villages
|
chusclan, cairanne, loudon, valreas, visan, saint gervais
|
|
|
weinvertal DAC
|
gruner veltliner
|
|
|
mittelburgenland DAC
|
blaufrankisch
|
|
|
treisental DAC
|
riesling and gruner veltliner
|
|
|
kamptal DAC
|
riesling and gruner veltliner
|
|
|
kremstal DAC
|
riesling and gruner veltliner
|
|
|
amyndeo AO or Amyntaion AO
|
macedonia, xinmavro
|
|
|
anchialos AO or Anhialos AO
|
thessaly/ savatiano, rhoditis, sykiotis
|
|
|
archanes AO or Arhanes AO
|
crete/ kotsifali, mandilaria
|
|
|
cotes de meliton AO or playies melitonia AO
|
macedonia/ assyrtico, athiri, cab f, cab s, cinsault, grenache, limnio- Chateau Porto Carras
|
|
|
dafnes AO
|
crete/ liatiko
|
|
|
drama TI
|
macedonia/ agiorgitiko, assyrtico, cab s, chard
|
|
|
epanomi TI
|
macedonia/ negoska, Xinomavro
|
|
|
goumenissa AO
|
macedonia / xinomavro, negoska - light bodied
|
|
|
kefalonia AO or Cephalonia AO
|
ionian islands/ mavrodaphne, muscat, robola
|
|
|
krania TI
|
thessaly/ cab s
|
|
|
limnos AO or lemnos AO
|
the aegean/ muscat… muscat of limnos grand cru is sweetest style
|
|
|
mantinia AO
|
peleponnese/ moscophilero dry white
|
|
|
messenikola AO
|
peleponnese/ mavro messenikola, carignane, syrah
|
|
|
naoussa AO
|
macedonia/ xinomavro
|
|
|
nemea AO
|
peloponesse/ agiorgitiko
|
|
|
pangeon TI
|
macedonia/ agirgitiko, CS, chard, merlot, semillon, syrah
|
|
|
paros AO
|
cyclades/ mandilaria,monemvassia
|
|
|
patras AO
|
peloponesse/ mavrodaphne, muscat
|
|
|
peza AO
|
crete/ kotsifalia, stavroto, xinomavro
|
|
|
rapsani AO
|
thessaly/ krasato, stavroto, xinomavro
|
|
|
retsina TA
|
central greece / rhoditis, savatiano
|
|
|
rodos AO or rhodes AO
|
the dodecanese/ red = 100% mandilaria, whites = 100% athiri
|
|
|
samos AO
|
aegean/ muscat blanc a petit grains
|
|
|
santorini AO
|
cyclades/ assyrtiko, aidani
|
|
|
sitia AO
|
crete/ liatiko, mandilaria, vilana, thrapsathiri
|
|
|
zitsa AO
|
epirus/ debina
|
|
|
greek reds
|
agiorgitiko (nemea), xinomavro (the north), mandilaria (aegean), limnio
|
|
|
greek whites
|
asyrtiko (santorini), rhoditis (patra), savatiano (attiki)
|
|
|
bucelas grapes
|
arinto, esgana cao (same grape as sercial, the dog strangler)
|
|
|
estremedura
|
bucelas, colares, carcavelos
|
|
|
colares grapes
|
no phylloxera/ ramisco = red, malavasia = white
|
|
|
carcavelos grapes
|
fortified region, white and red grapes, sweetend with abafado (fortified grape juice)
|
|
|
ribatejo VR grapes
|
white = arinto and talia (ugni blanc), red = castelao frances
|
|
|
terras do sado VR grapes
|
red = castelao frances, white = moscatel de setubal, arinto, escagana cao, chard
|
|
|
alentejo VR grapes
|
corks, red = aragonez, trincadeira, moreto, castelao frances
|
|
|
algarve
|
corks, tinta negra mole, trincadeira, periqueta (crato branco is dry fortified under film yeasts in a solera system- like sherry)
|
|
|
honjozu
|
alcohol added to the sake
|
|
|
blanco
|
zero to 60 days
|
|
|
reposado
|
60 days to one year
|
|
|
anejo
|
over one year
|
|
|
regions of tequila
|
jalisco, guanajuato, michoacan, nayarit, tamaulipas
|
|
|
mescal
|
from 10 types of agave, oaxaca is best, traditional method
|
|
|
bitters
|
campari (italy, herbs, fruit), angostura (trinidad, gentian, rum), fernet branca (italy, over 40 herbs fruits spices, oak aging for one year), underberg (germany, herbs from 43 different countries)
|
|
|
eau de vie
|
calvados (FR), pommeau (FR, 2/3 apple juice & 1/3 calvados- AC pommeau de normandie), framboise (raspberries- FR,GE Swiss), Kirsch (cherries- FR,GE,Swiss), mirabelle (small yellow plums), poire william (pears- FR,GE,Swiss), quetsch (red plums Alsace), Slivovitz (plums- balkan countries: known there as Rakia)
|
|
|
calvados
|
calvados, calvados domfrontais, calvados pays d'auge
|
|
|
vdl
|
pineau des charentes / pineau charente AOC (1/4 one year cognac added to 3/4 unfermented grape juice- vieux is aged 5 years), floc de gascogne (one year old armagnac), ratafia de champagne (adding marc de champagne to unfermented champagne must), australian muscats and liqueur tokays (muscadelles)
|
|
|
malaga grape
|
PX
|
|
|
aromatized wines
|
vermouth, barolo chinato, saint raphael (quinine)
|
|
|
coastal region
|
paarl, stellenbosch, tulbagh, tygerberg, cape darling, cape point, ward of constantia
|
|
|
breede river valley region
|
robertson, breedekloof, worcester
|
|
|
boberg
|
fortified wines of paarl and tulbagh
|
|
|
olifants river
|
citrusdal mountain, ditrusdal valley, lutzville valley- wards of piekenierskloof, spruitdrift, vrendendal
|
|
|
klein karoo
|
calizdorp, langeberg-garcia
|
|
|
marlborough sub regions
|
awetere valley, wairau valley
|
|
|
tasmania
|
North= pipers river, tamar valley, north west, South= derwent valley, huon valley, east coast, coal river
|
|
|
the great plain
|
csongrad, hajos-baja, kunsag Hungary!
|
|
|
bulgaria
|
danubian plane, black sea region, subbalkan region or rose valley region, thracian lowlands region, strouma valley region
|
|
|
northern hungary
|
eger, tokaj-hegyalia
|
|
|
trans danube
|
lake balaton, somlo, szekszard, villany siklos
|
|
|
hungary
|
great plain, northern hungary, trans danube
|
|
|
aegean islands
|
rhodes, samos, lemnos
|
|
|
cyclades
|
santorini GR
|
|
|
peleponesse
|
Nemea, Patras
|
|
|
ionian islands
|
kefalonia
|
|
|
epirus
|
zitsa
|
|
|
thessaly
|
anhialos, rapsani
|
|
|
macedonia
|
cotes de meliton, amyndeo, naoussa, goumenissa
|
|
|
minho VR
|
vinho verde
|
|
|
tras-os-montes VR
|
douro, porto
|
|
|
beiras VR
|
bairrada, dao, tavora-varose, beira interior
|
|
|
estramadura VR
|
bucelas, colares, carcavelos
|
|
|
ribatejano VR
|
ribatejo (sub regions= toma, almerim, cartaxo, chamusca, coruche, santarem)
|
|
|
terras do sado VR
|
palmela, setubal
|
|
|
alentejano VR
|
alentego (sub-regions= portalegre, borba, redondo, reguengas, vidigueira, evora, moura, granja-amereleja)
|
|
|
algarve VR
|
lagos, portimao, lagoa, tavira
|
|
|
acores VR
|
graciosa, pico, terceira All IPR's!
|
|
|
bergerac AC
|
similar to Bordeaux, adjoins St-Emilion in the north- AC Bergerac Sec means dry white wines
|
|
|
pecharment AC
|
AC within bergerac,m excellent wine
|
|
|
monbazillac ac
|
similar to sauternes of lower quality
|
|
|
cotes du duras AC
|
extension of entre-deux-mers, red white rose bordeaux varietals
|
|
|
cahors ac
|
SE of bergerac, on the River Lot- 70%min malbec, merlot, tannat
|
|
|
gaillac AC
|
SE of cahors, red, dry whites, roses- two sparkling wines Gaillac Mousseux & Gaillac mousseux Méthode Gaillacoise (similar to methode diosie ancestral)
|
|
|
jura
|
vin de paille, chateau chalon
|
|
|
chateau chalon
|
vin jaune, 62 cL clavelin bottle, savagnin grape- aged 6 years in barrels (not topped off), develops flor- unfortified, similar to sherry
|
|
|
arbois AC
|
jura, mainly for reds
|
|
|
savoie
|
whites, some reds and roses
|
|
|
jurancon
|
french pyrenees- gros manseng, petit manseng, camaralet, courbu, lauzet
|
|
|
madiran AC
|
sw corner of armagnac region: 40-60% of tannat
|
|
|
AC pacherenc du vic bilh
|
white wine produced in madiran, can be dry, sweet, or off dry
|
|
|
ac corbieres
|
red white rose in languedoc- best wine is ac corbieres boutenec (on limestone base)
|
|
|
fitou
|
2 parts- fitou maritime and fitou montagneux- both within and divided by corbieres / no more than 70% carignan
|
|
|
costieres de nimes
|
eastern languedoc, produces southern rhone style wines
|
|
|
limoux
|
SW of carcassonne / still, semi-sparkling, sparkling white wines: blanquette de limoux AC = 90% mauzac and chardonnay / cremant de limoux AC = max 90% chardonnay max 20% mauzac - some chenin blanc
|
|
|
syrah, roussane, marsanne
|
st joseph (15% white), hermitage (15% white), crozes hermitage (15%)
|
|
|
syrah, viognier
|
cote rotie (20% white)
|
|
|
s. rhone n>S
|
cotes du vivrais & tricastin up north, CNDP, BDV & gigondas in the middle, lirac, tavel, cotes de ventoux, cotes du luberon
|
|
|
What two yeasts are most commonly associated with lambic fermentation
|
Brettanomyces bruxellensis and Brettanomyces lambicus
|
|
|
namazake
|
unpasteurized sake
|
|
|
muroka
|
unfiltered
|
|
|
nigorizake
|
cloudy sake, loosely filtered from the mash and then unfiltered- much rice sediment in the bottle, shaken before serving
|
|
|
donburoku
|
home brew sake, typically cloudy and delicious
|
|
|
honjozo
|
slight amount of distilled sake has been added, created in the 60's
|
|
|
junmai-shu
|
pure sake, water, rice and koji only- at least 30% polished away
|
|
|
ginjo-shu
|
rice weight polished to 40% or less
|
|
|
daiginjo-shu
|
rice weight polished to 50% or less
|
|
|
junmai-shu
|
pure sake, no added fillers (rice, water, koji)
|
|
|
kura
|
sake brewery
|
|
|
sakagura
|
another name for a sake brewery
|
|
|
moromi
|
fermenting mixture of rice, water, koji and yeast
|
|
|
genshu
|
undiluted sake
|
|
|
toji
|
head brewer at a kura or sakagura
|
|
|
anthracnose
|
fungal disease, lesions on the leaves- common in humid areas, treated with Bordeaux mixture
|
|
|
armillaria root rot
|
fungal disease, white fungus under bark and in roots, treated by fumigation- no resistant rootstock
|
|
|
bacterial blight
|
bacterial, retards and kills young shoots- treated with copper
|
|
|
Bitter Rot
|
fungal disease, attacks damaged and over mature fruit (creates bitterness in the finished wine), treated with fungicide
|
|
|
black rot
|
fungal disease, moist humid weather conditions- destroys the crop, treated with open canopies and increased sun exposure
|
|
|
black wood
|
phytoplasm disease- spread by leafhoppers, growth reduction, reduces quality and yield of fruit
|
|
|
black xylem decline
|
possibly by fungus (rotting wood fungus)- similar to esca, treated with hot water
|
|
|
chlorosis
|
foliage turns yellow due to lack of chlorophyll, from iron deficeiency in limestone soils and other deficiencies as well- treated with using limestone resistant rootstocks
|
|
|
collar rot
|
fungal disease that attacks yourng vines in cool, moist soil- vines weaken and die / treated by removing soil at base of trunk and reducing soil moisture
|
|
|
crown gall
|
bacterial disease, growht of galls which prevent water from reaching the trunk
|
|
|
dead arm
|
fungal disease, found in areas that are wet during bud break- treated by removing the dead tissue and fungal treatments before during and after budbreak
|
|
|
downy mildew
|
fungal disease, caused by Plasmopara viticola- treated by bordeaux mixture
|
|
|
erinose mite
|
mite that loves grape vines, treated with sulfur- causes no real damage though their can be galls produced
|
|
|
esca
|
fungal disease, black measles- enters through wounds at the plant's surface (usually older plants 10+ years), black splotches on fruit and leaves- treated with sulfur
|
|
|
fanleaf degeneration
|
viral disease, spread by nematodes and causes leaves to shut down- killing the productivity of the vine / vines must be ripped out
|
|
|
fasciation
|
form of the viral desease fanleaf degeneration where abnormal shoot growth happens sided by side
|
|
|
flavescence doree
|
phytoplasm that reduces vitality and yields- fruit is high in acid and low in sugar and low in quality, spread by leaf hoppers
|
|
|
grapevine yellows
|
phytoplasm that reduces growth, causes leaf discoloration, leaf roling, and quality an dquantity of fruit is reduced- spread by leaf hoppers
|
|
|
peronospera
|
downy mildew, fungal disease
|
|
|
phomopsis
|
makes tissue brittle
|
|
|
pierce's disease
|
bacteriological- lethal to grape vines, no known cure- water is unable to travel through the vine
|
|
|
powdery mildew
|
infected plants have off flavors in wine and reduced yields- treated with sulfur
|
|
|
buttage
|
earthing up, to protect from frost (placing soil around vines)
|
|
|
baie
|
rack
|
|
|
bourbes
|
lees, sediment, "mud"
|
|
|
bourgeon
|
bud
|
|
|
clairet
|
pale red wine, rose
|
|
|
colle de poisson
|
isinglass
|
|
|
cuvage
|
fermenting in vats
|
|
|
ecoulage
|
free run
|
|
|
fut
|
cask
|
|
|
millesime
|
vintage, year
|
|
|
mutage
|
cutting wine with brandy to halt fermentation
|
|
|
pigeage
|
cap maceration
|
|
|
remontage
|
1. pumping over 2. repairing a vine covered hill after rain has washed away soil
|
|
|
soutirage
|
racking from cask to cask
|
|
|
debourbage
|
juice settling, racking before fermentation
|
|
|
remuage
|
riddling
|
|
|
degorgement
|
disgorging- sediment from the bottle in traditional method
|
|
|
cuvaison
|
maceration of red grapes in juice during fermantation
|
|
|
balthazar
|
16 bottles, 12 L
|
|
|
Salmanazar
|
12 bottles, 9 L
|
|
|
Methusaleh
|
8 bottles, 6 L
|
|
|
Rehoboam
|
6 bottles, 4.5 L (no longer made)
|
|
|
Jeroboam
|
4 bottles, 3 L
|
|
|
Marie Jean
|
2.25 L, Bordeaux, very rare
|
|
|
nebuchadnezzar
|
10 bottles, 15 L
|
|
|
clavelin
|
62 cL- used for vin jaune primarily
|
|
|
jennie
|
50 cL, used for tokaji, sauternes, jerez, sweet wines…
|
|
|
eutypa dieback
|
affects shoot growth, leaf development, kills all of or part of the vine in advanced stages- fungal disease- removal of part or all of the vine, no chemical treatment at this time
|
|
|
barack palinka
|
brandy base, apricots, unsweetened
|
|
|
five islands of scotch whiskey
|
orkney, jura, arran, mull, skye OJAMS- excludes islay
|
|
|
millerandage
|
shot berries cold or bad weather during flowering stage, leades to poor fruit set and develeopmet- berries are of different size and maturity levels
|
|
|
coulure
|
grapes fail to develop after flowering, caused by sugar (carbohydrate deficiency)
|
|
|
passerillage
|
drying out grapes before fermentation
|
|
|
regions of cognac
|
grande champagne, fine champagne, borderies, fins bois, bon bois, bois ordinaire
|
|
|
fine champagne
|
blend of grande and petite champagne cognacs, with at least half coming from grande champagne
|
|
|
pecharmant cepages
|
cab franc, cab sauv, cot (malbec), merlot
|
|
|
saussignac AC cepages
|
semillon, sauvignon blanc, muscadelle ondec, chenin blanc
|
|
|
monbazillac cepages
|
semillon, SB, muscadelle
|
|
|
where is ste croix du mont
|
sweet wine appelation on the right bank of the garonne, similar to Sauternes
|
|
|
cotes d'auvergne VDQS villages
|
boudes, chateaugay, chanturgue, corent, medargues
|
|
|
cotes d'auvergne VDQS
|
central valleys, to the west of beaujolais / chardonnay, PN, Gamay for a rose
|
|
|
cour-cheverney
|
tourraine, romarantin (in the loir-et-cher department)
|
|
|
clairette de die cepages, %'s
|
muscat blanc a petit grains min 75%, clairette max 25%
|
|
|
chateau rayas
|
chatea neuf du pape
|
|
|
l'echelle system
|
grand cru 100%, premier cru 90 - 99%, cru 80-89%
|
|
|
barolo communes (11)
|
barolo, monforte, serralunga d'alba, la morra d'alba, grinzane cavour, castiglione falletto, novello, roddi, cherasco, verduno, diano d'alba
|
|
|
barbaresco regions (3)
|
barbaresco, neive, treiso
|
|
|
notable barolo crus
|
barolo commune- cannubi, sarmazza, brunate (shared with La Morra), la morra commune- cerequi, rocche / serralunga commune- lazzarito, vigna rionda / monforte commune- bussia, ginestra, santo stefan di perno / castiglione falletto commune- monprivato, villero
|
|
|
notable barbaresco crus
|
barbaresco commune- montefico, montestefano, rabaja / treiso commune- pajore / neive commune- bricco di nieve, santo stefano, albesani, gallina
|
|
|
Grape of Taurasi DOCG
|
Aglianico, DOCG from Campania
|
|
|
grape of Fiano di Avolino DOCG
|
white wine from Campania, grape is Fiano
|
|
|
What is Greco di Tufo
|
DOCG white from Campania, Greco is the grape
|
|
|
What is Taburno
|
DOC red from campania, Aglianico is the grape
|
|
|
What is the Sicilian DOCG & Grape
|
Cerasuolo di Vittoria, red wine DOCG, the grape is Nerello Calabrese
|
|
|
Styles of Marsala
|
Fine, Superiore, Vergine, Solera
|
|
|
Grapes of Marsala
|
Grillo, Cataratto, Nerello, Inzolia
|
|
|
Best grape of Valpolicella
|
Corvino
|
|
|
Refosco is known as what?
|
Same as Mondeuse, called this in Friuli
|
|
|
Styles of wine of Coli Orientali
|
R- Int'l varietieals, merlot W- Int'l variteals, friulano SW- Ramandalo
|
|
|
Biggest appelation of Friuli and grape?
|
Friuli-Grave, Merlot
|
|
|
What is Cargmignano DOCG
|
Red, 65% Sangiovese and up to 20% Cab Sauv, Tuscany
|
|
|
Aging requirement for Brunello
|
2 years wood, 2 years bottle / riserva 3 years wood, 2 years bottle
|
|
|
Chianti DOCG rules
|
min 80% Sangiovese, up to 20% white grapes Trebbiano and Cannaiolo
|
|
|
Chianti Classico DOCG rules
|
may be 100% sangioves, up to 10% Cab Sauv
|
|
|
Chianti Sub Regions
|
Chaint Paisano, Chianti Rufina, Chianto Arienti, Montalbano, Colli senesi, Chianti Classico, Chianti Florentini
|
|
|
Vino Nobile di Montalcino aging rules
|
2 years, min 12 months in wood
|
|
|
Montefalco di Sangrantino rules
|
DOCG from Umbria, dry and sweet red DOCG
|
|
|
Torgiano Riserva rules
|
DOCG from Umbria, Sangiovese based- .5% higher alcohol than regular Torgiano
|
|
|
Albana di Romagna
|
1st white DOCG (1987), in Emilia-Romagna, made from Albana- dry, off-dry, sweet, passito styles
|
|
|
Vernaccia di Serepetrone rules
|
DOCG from Marches, grapes are Vernaccia/Sangiovese/Montepulciano- semi sweet, sweet, spumante reds
|
|
|
Uva di Troia is?
|
grape from Apulia, speciafically Castel del Monte, IlFalcone- riserva from rivera is best
|
|
|
Zones of Barbaresco
|
Barbaresco, Treisa, Neivo
|
|
|
What is cinque terre
|
DOC from Liguria, grape is Bosco
|
|
|
Sub districts of valtellina
|
inferno, grumello, sasella, vagella, stagliafasi, maroggia
|
|
|
Where is Santa Maddelena
|
generic appelation of alto adige, schiava is the dominant grape
|
|
|
Catch all DOC for Alto Adige
|
Valdadige
|
|
|
River of Barolo and Barbaresco?
|
Tanaro
|
|
|
Soils of Barolo?
|
Tortanian, Helevatian
|
|
|
the zones of Barolo
|
La Morra, Castiglione Falleto, Barolo, Monforte d'Alba, Serralunga d'Alba
|
|
|
Grape of Taurasi DOCG
|
Aglianico, DOCG from Campania
|
|
|
grape of Fiano di Avolino DOCG
|
white wine from Campania, grape is Fiano
|
|
|
What is Greco di Tufo
|
DOCG white from Campania, Greco is the grape
|
|
|
What is Taburno
|
DOC red from campania, Aglianico is the grape
|
|
|
What is the Sicilian DOCG & Grape
|
Cerasuolo di Vittoria, red wine DOCG, the grape is Nerello Calabrese
|
|
|
Styles of Marsala
|
Fine, Superiore, Vergine, Solera
|
|
|
Grapes of Marsala
|
Grillo, Cataratto, Nerello, Inzolia
|
|
|
Best grape of Valpolicella
|
Corvino
|
|
|
Refosco is known as what?
|
Same as Mondeuse, called this in Friuli
|
|
|
Styles of wine of Coli Orientali
|
R- Int'l varietieals, merlot W- Int'l variteals, friulano SW- Ramandalo
|
|
|
Biggest appelation of Friuli and grape?
|
Friuli-Grave, Merlot
|
|
|
What is Cargmignano DOCG
|
Red, 65% Sangiovese and up to 20% Cab Sauv, Tuscany
|
|
|
Aging requirement for Brunello
|
2 years wood, 2 years bottle / riserva 3 years wood, 2 years bottle
|
|
|
Chianti DOCG rules
|
min 80% Sangiovese, up to 20% white grapes Trebbiano and Cannaiolo
|
|
|
Chianti Classico DOCG rules
|
may be 100% sangioves, up to 10% Cab Sauv
|
|
|
Chianti Sub Regions
|
Chaint Paisano, Chianti Rufina, Chianto Arienti, Montalbano, Colli senesi, Chianti Classico, Chianti Florentini
|
|
|
Vino Nobile di Montalcino aging rules
|
2 years, min 12 months in wood
|
|
|
Montefalco di Sangrantino rules
|
DOCG from Umbria, dry and sweet red DOCG
|
|
|
Torgiano Riserva rules
|
DOCG from Umbria, Sangiovese based- .5% higher alcohol than regular Torgiano
|
|
|
Albana di Romagna
|
1st white DOCG (1987), in Emilia-Romagna, made from Albana- dry, off-dry, sweet, passito styles
|
|
|
Vernaccia di Serepetrone rules
|
DOCG from Marches, grapes are Vernaccia/Sangiovese/Montepulciano- semi sweet, sweet, spumante reds
|
|
|
Uva di Troia is?
|
grape from Apulia, speciafically Castel del Monte, IlFalcone- riserva from rivera is best
|
|
|
Zones of Barbaresco
|
Barbaresco, Treisa, Neivo
|
|
|
What is cinque terre
|
DOC from Liguria, grape is Bosco
|
|
|
Sub districts of valtellina
|
inferno, grumello, sasella, vagella, stagliafasi, maroggia
|
|
|
Where is Santa Maddelena
|
generic appelation of alto adige, schiava is the dominant grape
|
|
|
Catch all DOC for Alto Adige
|
Valdadige
|
|
|
River of Barolo and Barbaresco?
|
Tanaro
|
|
|
Soils of Barolo?
|
Tortanian, Helevatian
|
|
|
the zones of Barolo
|
La Morra, Castiglione Falleto, Barolo, Monforte d'Alba, Serralunga d'Alba
|
|
|
Grape of Taurasi DOCG
|
Aglianico, DOCG from Campania
|
|
|
grape of Fiano di Avolino DOCG
|
white wine from Campania, grape is Fiano
|
|
|
What is Greco di Tufo
|
DOCG white from Campania, Greco is the grape
|
|
|
What is Taburno
|
DOC red from campania, Aglianico is the grape
|
|
|
What is the Sicilian DOCG & Grape
|
Cerasuolo di Vittoria, red wine DOCG, the grape is Nerello Calabrese
|
|
|
Styles of Marsala
|
Fine, Superiore, Vergine, Solera
|
|
|
Grapes of Marsala
|
Grillo, Cataratto, Nerello, Inzolia
|
|
|
Best grape of Valpolicella
|
Corvino
|
|
|
Refosco is known as what?
|
Same as Mondeuse, called this in Friuli
|
|
|
Styles of wine of Coli Orientali
|
R- Int'l varietieals, merlot W- Int'l variteals, friulano SW- Ramandalo
|
|
|
Biggest appelation of Friuli and grape?
|
Friuli-Grave, Merlot
|
|
|
What is Cargmignano DOCG
|
Red, 65% Sangiovese and up to 20% Cab Sauv, Tuscany
|
|
|
Aging requirement for Brunello
|
2 years wood, 2 years bottle / riserva 3 years wood, 2 years bottle
|
|
|
Chianti DOCG rules
|
min 80% Sangiovese, up to 20% white grapes Trebbiano and Cannaiolo
|
|
|
Chianti Classico DOCG rules
|
may be 100% sangioves, up to 10% Cab Sauv
|
|
|
Chianti Sub Regions
|
Chaint Paisano, Chianti Rufina, Chianto Arienti, Montalbano, Colli senesi, Chianti Classico, Chianti Florentini
|
|
|
Vino Nobile di Montalcino aging rules
|
2 years, min 12 months in wood
|
|
|
Montefalco di Sangrantino rules
|
DOCG from Umbria, dry and sweet red DOCG
|
|
|
Torgiano Riserva rules
|
DOCG from Umbria, Sangiovese based- .5% higher alcohol than regular Torgiano
|
|
|
Albana di Romagna
|
1st white DOCG (1987), in Emilia-Romagna, made from Albana- dry, off-dry, sweet, passito styles
|
|
|
Vernaccia di Serepetrone rules
|
DOCG from Marches, grapes are Vernaccia/Sangiovese/Montepulciano- semi sweet, sweet, spumante reds
|
|
|
Uva di Troia is?
|
grape from Apulia, speciafically Castel del Monte, IlFalcone- riserva from rivera is best
|
|
|
Zones of Barbaresco
|
Barbaresco, Treisa, Neivo
|
|
|
What is cinque terre
|
DOC from Liguria, grape is Bosco
|
|
|
Sub districts of valtellina
|
inferno, grumello, sasella, vagella, stagliafasi, maroggia
|
|
|
Where is Santa Maddelena
|
generic appelation of alto adige, schiava is the dominant grape
|
|
|
Catch all DOC for Alto Adige
|
Valdadige
|
|
|
River of Barolo and Barbaresco?
|
Tanaro
|
|
|
Soils of Barolo?
|
Tortanian, Helevatian
|
|
|
the zones of Barolo
|
La Morra, Castiglione Falleto, Barolo, Monforte d'Alba, Serralunga d'Alba
|
|
|
5 specifics of erste gewachs
|
1. rheingau only 2. dry in style 3. can chaptalize 4. tasted using the senses 5. max yields are 50 hl/ha
|
|
|
7 main specifics of grosses gewachs
|
1. wine must come from highly rated vineyards 2. dry in style with no pradikat mentioned 3. min spatlese must weight 4. tated using the senses 5. hand harvested 50 hl/ha 6. comes from germany 7. cannot chaptilize
|
|
|
3 specifics of erste lagen
|
1. mosel only 2. no chaptilization allowed 3. translated into 1st site
|
|
|
4 quality levels for VDP's
|
1.erste gewachs 2. gross gewachs 3. klassifizierte lagenwein (harvested at a max of 65hl/ha) 4. gutsweine
|
|
|
weisherbst?
|
single variety rose with varietal stated, found in baden
|
|
|
schillerwein?
|
co-fermented rose from scwartz riesling, wurttemburg
|
|
|
classic wine?
|
max yields 60 hl/ha, auslese ripeness levels, einzellage specific, RS=1.5x's the amt of acid
|
|
|
sugar levels for trocken and halbtrocken
|
9 g/l for trocken, 18 g/l for halb-trocken
|
|
|
anreiching
|
chaptalization
|
|
|
sub districts of rias baixas
|
condado do tea, o rosal, soutomajor, ribiera de ulla, val do salnes
|
|
|
regions of armagnac
|
haut-armagnac, bas-armagnac, tenareze
|
|
|
AC's of armagnac
|
armagnac, srmagnac-tenareze, bas-armagnac, haut-armagnac
|
|
|
regions of cognac
|
grande champagne, petite champagne, borderies, fins bois, bons bois, bois ordinaires/bois a terroir
|
|
|
bollinger
|
grande annee
|
|
|
krug
|
krug collection, grand cuvee
|
|
|
laurent perrier
|
grand siecle
|
|
|
louis roederer
|
cristal
|
|
|
moet & chandon
|
dom perignon
|
|
|
perrier jouet
|
belle epoque
|
|
|
pol roger
|
winston churchill
|
|
|
pommery
|
cuvee louise
|
|
|
ruinart
|
dom ruinart
|
|
|
taittinger
|
comtes de champagne
|
|
|
jacquesson
|
grand signature
|
|
|
bottle sizes
|
bottle, magnum, jeroboam 3L, methusaleh 6L, salmanazar 9L, balthazar 12 L, nebuchadnezzar 15L
|
|
|
putton and gonc sizes
|
20-25 kg / 28 L, 136 Liters for a gonc
|
|
|
bulgaria
|
danubian plain region, black sea region, subbalkan region, thracian region, strouma region
|
|
|
veneto DOC
|
bardolino, gambellara, torcolato breganze, amarone
|
|
|
districts of burgundy
|
chablis (yonne), cote de nuits, hautes cotes de nuits, cote de beaune, hautes cote de beaune, cote challonaise or region de mercurey, cote macconais, beaujolais
|
|
|
what is maury
|
R,W,rose VDN in rousillon- grenache, similar to banyuls- table wines are cotes du rousillon villages AC
|
|
|
grapes of st peray
|
marsanne, roussanne- sparkling wine, southernmost region of the N. Rhone
|
|
|
what is rasteau
|
VDN red wines form the southern rhone- can actually come from rasteau, cairanne, sablet, table R,W,Ro are CDR villages
|
|
|
best soil of sherry
|
albarizo- best, classified into pagos- largest is macharnudo, miraflores and anina are also important
|
|
|
soils of sherry
|
albarizo- mainly chalk, arenas- sandy, barros-clay
|
|
|
dos malvedos
|
graham's
|
|
|
quinta do seixo
|
ferreira
|
|
|
do panascal
|
fonseca
|
|
|
vargellas
|
taylor
|
|
|
quinta de terra feita
|
taylor
|
|
|
quinta dos canais
|
cockburn's
|
|
|
quinta do cavadinha
|
warre's
|
|
|
quinta do bomfim
|
dow
|
|
|
quinta da senhora da ribeiro
|
dow
|
|
|
do roeda
|
croft
|
|
|
quinta da foz
|
calem
|
|
|
quinto do silval
|
quinto do noval
|
|
|
CM
|
cooperative de manipulant- champagne has been made by a co-op
|
|
|
NM
|
negociant-manipulant: wine has been made under the name of the house that sells it
|
|
|
RM
|
recoltant-manipulant: champagne is produced by a grower from their own grapes
|
|
|
RC
|
recoltant-cooperateur: grower is selling wine from their own grapes but it is made from a cooperative
|
|
|
MA
|
marques d'acheteur: buyer's own brand- wine is bought from a producer and sold under another name
|
|
|
SR
|
societe de recoltant: champagne is sold under the name of a company created by growers who are of the same family
|
|
|
NR
|
negociant distributeur: company that sells champagne it did not make to others who then sell it
|
|
|
saar river villages
|
ayl, kanzem, ockfen, saarburg, serrig, sharzhof, wiltingen (swoskas)
|
|
|
ruwer river villages
|
eitelsbach, kasel, maximin grunhaus, mertesdorf,
|
|
|
mosel river villages
|
bernkastel, brauneberg, erden, graach, leiwen, neumagen, piesport, trier, trittenheim, urzig, wehlen, winningen, zeltingen
|
|
|
rheingau villages
|
eltville, erbach, geisenheim, hochheim, johannisberg, kiedrich, rauenthal, rudesheim
|
|
|
mittelrhein village
|
bacharach
|
|
|
rheinhessen villages
|
nackenheim, nierstein, oppenheim
|
|
|
nahe villages- nahe river
|
bad kreuznach, monsingen, niederhausen, oberhausen, schlossbockelheim, traisen
|
|
|
pfalz villages- rhein river
|
bad durkheim, deidesheim, forst, kallstadt, neustadt, ruppertsberg, traisen, ungstein, wachenheim
|
|
|
franken villages, main river
|
castel, iphofen, randersacker, steinfeld eshendorf, wurzburg
|
|
|
steinwein
|
from wurzburg stein vienyard
|
|
|
Sardinia DOCG?
|
Vermintino di Gallura- white wine, 95% vermintino grape- above 14% alcohol may be called superiore
|
|
|
Marches DOCG?
|
Rosso conero Riserva, Vernaccia di Serrapatrona (smi sweet or sweet red sparkling wine)
|
|
|
Abruzzi DOCG?
|
montepulciano d'abruzzi di colline terramane, 90% montepulciano- aged 2 years, 1 in wood (three years for riserva)
|
|
|
What is loupiac?
|
sweet dessert wine from the Entre Doux Mers
|
|
|
what are the varietals of cahors
|
malbec, tannat, merlot- malbec is the main one
|
|
|
four varietals of jurancon
|
petit manseng, gros manseng, courbou, camalaret
|
|
|
what is coullioure
|
rousillon region, red wine
|
|
|
what is pacherenc du vic-bilh?
|
white wine AC from same region as Madiran- can be sec, demi-sec, or dry / SE france near Entrée deux mers
|
|
|
what does gran reserva mean?
|
spanish term, wines must be aged five calendar years with 2 in barricas
|
|
|
where is waikato
|
north island new zealand
|
|
|
minimum alcohol for QbA / QMP
|
QbA = 7% / QmP = 7% for Kabinett to Auslese, BA to TBA = 5.5%
|
|
|
how much does a tonneau hold?
|
900 litres, 238 gallons = 4 barriques
|
|
|
synonyms for chassellas in switzerland
|
fendant, doran, perlan
|
|
|
best region for port, main city?
|
Cima Corgo- town of Pinhao
|
|
|
port grapes red and white
|
R-touriga nacional, tinta barraco, tinta cao, tinta roriz (aragonez), touriga francisca, touriga franca, trincadera, donzelhino tinto, bastardo / W-arinto, donzelino branca, gouveio, malvasia fino, rabigato, viosinho
|
|
|
cillages of coteaux du layon
|
faye d'anjou, beaulieu sur layon, roquefort sur loire, rablay sur layon, st. aubin de luignes, st lambert de lattay
|
|
|
what and where is montlouis
|
touraine, chenin blanc, south of the river facing vouvray- dry, semi dry, sweet, & sparkling styles
|
|
|
Rutherglen muscat aging requirements
|
rutherglen muscat 2-5 years, classic 5-10 years, grand 10-15, rare 20+ years
|
|
|
yeast used for beer making
|
saccharomyces carlsbergensis for lager (bottom fermenting), saccharomyces cerevisae
|
|
|
suregions of central otago
|
wanaka, gibbston, lake hayes, alexandra
|
|
|
what is dole?
|
swiss red blend of pinot noir (min 50%) and gamay
|
|
|
what is the main grape of ticino
|
merlot, italian canton of switzerland
|
|
|
what are the classifications in wachau
|
steinfeder, ferderspiel, smaragd
|
|
|
what year was alsace given grand cru status
|
currently 51, first year was 1983
|
|
|
where is ucles
|
central part of spain, north of la mancha, south of rioja- DO red from tempranillo, cab sauv, merlot, syrah, grenache
|
|
|
portuguese quality levels?
|
lowest to highest= VdM (vinhos de mesa), VR (vinhos regionais), IPR (indicaco de proveniencia regulamentada), DOC (denomincao de origem controlada)
|
|
|
what is piage
|
pumping over
|
|
|
how big is a barrique
|
225L
|
|
|
scotch whiskey from campbelton
|
glen scotia, springbank
|
|
|
cote challonaise for white only
|
montagny, bouzeron
|
|
|
districts of overberg?
|
walker bay, bot river, mossel bay
|
|
|
austria sugar measurement?
|
KMW. Klosterneuburger mostwaage
|
|
|
echelle de cru system
|
champagne, 80-89% cru, 90 - 99% premier cru, 100% grand cru
|
|
|
where is debro?
|
eger wine region, northern hungary
|
|
|
chateau latour 1st growth paillac 2nd label
|
les forts de latour
|
|
|
chateau margaux 1st growth margaux 2nd lable
|
pavillon rouge de margaux
|
|
|
ch lafite rothschild 1st growth 2nd label
|
carruades de lafite-rotshchild
|
|
|
ch haut brian 1st growth graves, pessac leognan- pessac
|
bahans haut-brion
|
|
|
ch mouton-rotschild 1st growth pauillac
|
le petit mouton de mouton-rotschild
|
|
|
ch montrose 2nd growth st estephe
|
la dame de montrose
|
|
|
ch cos d'estournel 2nd growth st estephe
|
les pagodes de cos
|
|
|
ch gruaud-larose 2nd growth st julien
|
sarget de gruaud-larose
|
|
|
ch leoville les cases 2nd growth st julien
|
clos du marquis
|
|
|
ch leoville barton 2nd growth st julien
|
la reserve de leoville barton
|
|
|
ch leoville poyferre 2nd growth st julien
|
chateau moulin riche
|
|
|
ch lascombes 2nd growth margaux
|
chevalier des lascombes
|
|
|
ch durfort vivens 2nd growth margaux
|
vivens de durfort vivens
|
|
|
ch ducru-beaucaillou 2nd growth st julien
|
le croix de beacaillou
|
|
|
ch rauzan seglaus 2nd growth st julien
|
segla
|
|
|
ch rauzan gassies 2nd growth st julien
|
chevalier de rauzan-gassies
|
|
|
ch pichon longueville baron 2nd growth pauillac
|
les tourelles de longueville
|
|
|
ch pichon pichon longueville comtesse de la lande 2nd growth pauillac
|
reserve de la comtesse
|
|
|
ch brane cantenac 2nd growth cantenac margaux
|
la baron de brane
|
|
|
ch kirwan 3rd growth margaux cantenac
|
les charmes de kirwan
|
|
|
ch d'issan 3rd growth margaux cantenac
|
blason d'issan
|
|
|
ch boyd cantenac 3rd growth margaux cantenac
|
jacques boyd
|
|
|
ch cantenac brown 3rd growth margaux cantenac
|
brio de cantenac-brown
|
|
|
ch marquis d'alesme baker 3rd growth margaux
|
marquise d'alesme
|
|
|
ch ferriere 3rd growth margaux
|
les ramparts de ferriere
|
|
|
ch malescot-st-xuprey 3rd growth margaux
|
la dame de malescot
|
|
|
ch desmirail 3rd growth margaux
|
initial de dismirail
|
|
|
ch lagrange 3rd growth st julien
|
la fiefs de lagrange
|
|
|
ch langoa barton 3rd growth st julien
|
lady langoa
|
|
|
ch palmer 3rd growth cantenac margaux
|
alter ego de palmer
|
|
|
ch calon segur 3rd growth st estephe
|
ch marquis de calon
|
|
|
ch lagune 3rd growth haut medoc ludon
|
moulin de la lagune
|
|
|
ch giscours 3rd growth margaux labarde
|
la sirene de giscours
|
|
|
ch st pierre 4th growth st julien
|
no second label
|
|
|
ch beycheville 4th growth st julien
|
admiral de beychevelle
|
|
|
ch talbot 4th growth st julien
|
connetable de talbot
|
|
|
ch branaire ducru 4th growth st julien
|
duluc de branaire-ducru
|
|
|
ch duhart-milon-rotshcild 4th growth pauillac
|
moulin de duhart
|
|
|
ch priere lichine 4th growth margaux cantenac
|
la cloitre prieure-lichine
|
|
|
ch pouget 4th growth margaux cantenac
|
artoine-pougeot
|
|
|
ch lafon rochet 4th growth st estephe
|
les pelerins de lafon-rochet
|
|
|
ch marquis de terme 4th growth margaux
|
les gondats de marquis de terme
|
|
|
ch la tour carnet 4th growth haut medoc st laurent
|
les douves de carnet
|
|
|
ch dauzac 5th growth margaux labarde
|
la bastide de dauzac
|
|
|
ch batailley 5th growth pauillac
|
no second label
|
|
|
ch haut-batailley 5th growth pauillac
|
chateau la tour l'aspic
|
|
|
ch lynch bages 5th growth pauillac
|
ch hau-bages averous
|
|
|
ch lynch moussas 5th growth pauillac
|
les hauts de lynch moussas
|
|
|
ch grand puy lacoste 5th growth pauillac
|
lacoste borie
|
|
|
ch grand puy ducasse 5th growth pauillac
|
prelude a grande-puy ducasse
|
|
|
ch haut bages liberal 5th growth pauillac
|
la chapelle de bages
|
|
|
ch pontet canet 5th growth pauillac
|
les hauts de pontet-canet
|
|
|
ch pedesclaux 5th growth pauillac
|
sens de pedesclaux
|
|
|
ch clerc-milon 5th growth pauillac
|
no second label
|
|
|
ch d'amaiilac 5th growth pauillac
|
no second label
|
|
|
ch cos-labory 5th growth st estephe
|
le charme labory
|
|
|
ch croizer-bages 5th growth pauillac
|
la tourelle de croizet-bages
|
|
|
ch camensac 5th growth haut medoc st laurent
|
la closerie de camensac
|
|
|
ch belgrave 5th growth st laurent haut medoc
|
diane de belgrave
|
|
|
ch du tertre 5th growth margaux arsac
|
les hauts du tertre
|
|
|
ch cantmerle 5th growth haut medoc macau
|
les allees de cantemerle
|
|
|
ch bouscat graves cru classe
|
les chenes de bouscat
|
|
|
ch carbonnieux graves cru classe
|
la tour-legnan
|
|
|
domaine de chevalier graves cru classe
|
l'espirit de chevalier
|
|
|
ch couhins graves cru classe
|
couhins la gravette
|
|
|
ch de fieuzal graves cru classe
|
l'abeille de fieuzal
|
|
|
ch haut-bailly graves cru classe
|
le parde de haut-bailly
|
|
|
ch latour-martillac graves cru classe
|
lagrave-martillac
|
|
|
ch malarctic-lagraviere graves cru classe
|
sillage de malartic
|
|
|
ch la mission haut-brion graves cru classe
|
la chapelle de la mission
|
|
|
ch olivier graves cru classe
|
le seigneurie d'olivier du chateau olivier
|
|
|
ch pape clement graves cru classe
|
le clementin du pape clement
|
|
|
ch smith-haut-lafite graves cru classe
|
les hauts de smith
|
|
|
ch ausone premier grand gru classe A st-emilion
|
chappelle d'ausone
|
|
|
ch cheval blanc premier grand cru classe A st-emilion
|
la petit cheval
|
|
|
ch angelus premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
carillon d'angelus
|
|
|
ch beausejour premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
croix de beausejour
|
|
|
ch beau-sejour becot premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
tournelle de beau-sejour becot
|
|
|
ch canon premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
clos de canon
|
|
|
ch figeac premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
closerie de fourtet
|
|
|
ch la gaffeliere premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
clos la gaffeliere
|
|
|
ch magdelaine premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
sanges de magdelaine
|
|
|
ch pavie-macquin premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
les chenes de macquin
|
|
|
ch troplong mondot premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
mondot
|
|
|
ch trottevielle premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
la vielle dame de trotteveille
|
|
|
ch canon-la-gaffaliere grand cru st-emilion
|
cote mignon la gaffeliere
|
|
|
ch grand corbin-despagne grand cru classe st-emilion
|
petit corbin-despagne
|
|
|
clos fourtet grand crus classe B st-emilion
|
la closerie de fourtet
|
|
|
ch pavie premier grand cru classe B st-emilion
|
ch tour simard
|
|
|
ch chasse-spleen cru bourgeois medoc
|
l'ermitage de chasse-spleen & l'oratoire de chasse-spleen
|
|
|
ch haut-marbuzet cru borgeois medoc
|
ch maccarthy
|
|
|
ch labegorce zede cru borgeois medoc
|
domaine zede and Z de Zede
|
|
|
ch phelan segur cru borgeois
|
frank phelan
|
|
|
ch potensac cru borgeois medoc
|
la chapelle de potensac
|
|
|
ch pojeaux cru bourgeois medoc
|
la salle de poujeaux
|
|
|
ch citran cru bourgeois medoc
|
moulins de citran
|
|
|
st emilion satellites
|
st-georges, lussac, puisseguin, montagne
|
|
|
fixin 1er cru ac cote de nuits
|
les arvelets, clos du chapitre, le perriere, en suchot, le village
|
|
|
gevrey-chambertin 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
aux combettes, les corbeaux, petit chapelle, la romanee, champitennois, cherbandes, au closeau
|
|
|
morey st denis 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
clos des ormes, clos sorbe, les sorbes, les chaffots, aux charmes, les ruchots, les millandes, monts luissants, le village
|
|
|
chambolle-musigny 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
les amoureuses, les charmes, les baudes, les lavrottes, les noirots, les plantes
|
|
|
vougeot 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
les cras, clos de la perriere, les petit vougeots, la vigne blanche
|
|
|
vosne-romanee 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
les bruless, en orveaux*, cros-parantoux, les petits-monts, les suchots, les beaux monts hauts*, le rouges du dessus*
|
|
|
nuits-st-georges 1er cru AC cote de nuits
|
les porets, les argillats, clos arlot, aux champ perdrix, les grandes vignes, la ronciere, les perrieres, les terres blanches, aux thorey
|
|
|
ladoix 1er cru cote de beaune
|
hauts morottes, rognet et corton, bois roussot, la micaude
|
|
|
pernand-vergelesses 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
en cardeaux, creux de la net, les fichots, las basses vergelesses
|
|
|
aloxe-corton 1 er cru AC cote de beaune
|
les fournieres, les valozieres, les paulands, le mare chaudes, les moutottes, les meix, les vercots
|
|
|
savigny-les-beaune 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
les lavieres, la dominode, aux vergelesses, les marconnets, aux guettes
|
|
|
beaune 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
aux cras, clos de avaux, le clos de mouches, les cents vignes, les avaux, la vigne de l'enfant jesus, les vignes franches
|
|
|
pommard 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
les rugiens-bas, les rugiens-hauts, les petits epenots, clos blanc, les grands epenots, la chaniere
|
|
|
volnay 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
clos de ducs, clos de chene, taille pieds, bousse d'or, en cailleret, les caillerets, en champans, clos de 60 ouvrees, cailleret dessus
|
|
|
monthelie 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
le cas rouget, les champs fulliot, les riottes, sur lavelle, la taupine, le meix bataille
|
|
|
auxey duresses 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
bas de duresses, les bretterins, la chapelle, climat du val, les grands champs
|
|
|
meursault 1er cru Ac cote de beaune
|
les caillerets, les santenots blancs, les gouttes d'or, le jeunelotte, le porusot, la piece sous le bois, aux perrieres
|
|
|
blagny-meursault 1er cru cote de beaune
|
le jeunelotte, la piece sous le bois, sous blagny, hameau du blagny*, sous le puits*
|
|
|
puligny-montrachet 1er cru cote de beaune
|
le cailleret, les chalumeaux, peix bois, les pucelles, clos de la garenne
|
|
|
chassagne-montrachet 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
les cchamps gain, dent de chien, la maltroie, vide bourse, vigne blanche, la chapelle, ez crets, ez crottes
|
|
|
saint-aubin 1er cru cote e beaune
|
les frionnes, les murgers des dents de chien, le charmois, le chateniere, les castets en remilly
|
|
|
Maranges
|
cheilly, dezize, sampigny
|
|
|
cheilly-les-maranges 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
petit clos roussots, les clos roussots
|
|
|
sampigny-les-maranges 1 er cru cote de beaune
|
les clos des rois, les clos roussots
|
|
|
dezize-les-maranges 1er cru cote de beaune
|
la fussiere, clos de la fussiere
|
|
|
santenay 1er cru AC cote de beaune
|
clos de tavannes, les gravieres, la maladiere, la comme dessus
|
|
|
chablis 1er cru AC
|
montee de tonnerre, cote de lechet, les forets, fourchaume, mont de milieu, vaillons, vacoupin, vosgros, le forneaux, montmains
|
|
|
alsace grand cru AC
|
zotzenberg, altenberg de bergheim, hengst, bruderthal, furstentum, goldert, kessler, saering, rosacker, sommerberg, steinklotz, brand, kitterle, moenchberg
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south burnett
|
queensland
|
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|
glenrowan
|
victoria
|
|
|
beechworth
|
victoria
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upper goulbourn
|
victoria
|
|
|
gippsland
|
victoria
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|
sunbury
|
victoria
|
|
|
alpine valleys
|
victoria
|
|
|
swan hill
|
victoria
|
|
|
henty
|
victoria
|
|
|
gippsland
|
victoria
|
|
|
hastings river
|
nsw
|
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southern highlands
|
nsw
|
|
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shoalhaven coast
|
nsw
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riverina
|
nsw
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|
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canberra district
|
nsw
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|
pericoota
|
nsw
|
|
|
mt benson
|
SA
|
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southern flinders ranges
|
SA
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riverland
|
SA
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kangaroo island
|
SA
|
|
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currency creek
|
SA
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|
|
robe
|
SA
|
|
|
swan district
|
WA
|
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manjimup
|
WA
|
|
|
pemberton
|
WA
|
|
|
peel
|
WA
|
|
|
bad kreuznach
|
nahe
|
|
|
wehlen
|
mosel
|
|
|
eitelsbach
|
ruwer
|
|
|
forst
|
pfalz
|
|
|
ostreich
|
?
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|
|
les porets
|
nuits st georges
|
|
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clos des ormes
|
morey st denis
|
|
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les amoureuses
|
chambolle musigny
|
|
|
clos des ducs
|
volnay
|
|
|
CDR villages
|
chusclan, cairanne, loudon, valreas, visan, saint gervais
|
|
|
weinvertal DAC
|
gruner veltliner
|
|
|
mittelburgenland DAC
|
blaufrankisch
|
|
|
treisental DAC
|
riesling and gruner veltliner
|
|
|
kamptal DAC
|
riesling and gruner veltliner
|
|
|
kremstal DAC
|
riesling and gruner veltliner
|
|
|
amyndeo AO or Amyntaion AO
|
macedonia, xinmavro
|
|
|
anchialos AO or Anhialos AO
|
thessaly/ savatiano, rhoditis, sykiotis
|
|
|
archanes AO or Arhanes AO
|
crete/ kotsifali, mandilaria
|
|
|
cotes de meliton AO or playies melitonia AO
|
macedonia/ assyrtico, athiri, cab f, cab s, cinsault, grenache, limnio- Chateau Porto Carras
|
|
|
dafnes AO
|
crete/ liatiko
|
|
|
drama TI
|
macedonia/ agiorgitiko, assyrtico, cab s, chard
|
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epanomi TI
|
macedonia/ negoska, Xinomavro
|
|
|
goumenissa AO
|
macedonia / xinomavro, negoska - light bodied
|
|
|
kefalonia AO or Cephalonia AO
|
ionian islands/ mavrodaphne, muscat, robola
|
|
|
krania TI
|
thessaly/ cab s
|
|
|
limnos AO or lemnos AO
|
the aegean/ muscat… muscat of limnos grand cru is sweetest style
|
|
|
mantinia AO
|
peleponnese/ moscophilero dry white
|
|
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messenikola AO
|
peleponnese/ mavro messenikola, carignane, syrah
|
|
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naoussa AO
|
macedonia/ xinomavro
|
|
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nemea AO
|
peloponesse/ agiorgitiko
|
|
|
pangeon TI
|
macedonia/ agirgitiko, CS, chard, merlot, semillon, syrah
|
|
|
paros AO
|
cyclades/ mandilaria,monemvassia
|
|
|
patras AO
|
peloponesse/ mavrodaphne, muscat
|
|
|
peza AO
|
crete/ kotsifalia, stavroto, xinomavro
|
|
|
rapsani AO
|
thessaly/ krasato, stavroto, xinomavro
|
|
|
retsina TA
|
central greece / rhoditis, savatiano
|
|
|
rodos AO or rhodes AO
|
the dodecanese/ red = 100% mandilaria, whites = 100% athiri
|
|
|
samos AO
|
aegean/ muscat blanc a petit grains
|
|
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santorini AO
|
cyclades/ assyrtiko, aidani
|
|
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sitia AO
|
crete/ liatiko, mandilaria, vilana, thrapsathiri
|
|
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zitsa AO
|
epirus/ debina
|
|
|
greek reds
|
agiorgitiko (nemea), xinomavro (the north), mandilaria (aegean), limnio
|
|
|
greek whites
|
asyrtiko (santorini), rhoditis (patra), savatiano (attiki)
|
|
|
bucelas grapes
|
arinto, esgana cao (same grape as sercial, the dog strangler)
|
|
|
estremedura
|
bucelas, colares, carcavelos
|
|
|
colares grapes
|
no phylloxera/ ramisco = red, malavasia = white
|
|
|
carcavelos grapes
|
fortified region, white and red grapes, sweetend with abafado (fortified grape juice)
|
|
|
ribatejo VR grapes
|
white = arinto and talia (ugni blanc), red = castelao frances
|
|
|
terras do sado VR grapes
|
red = castelao frances, white = moscatel de setubal, arinto, escagana cao, chard
|
|
|
alentejo VR grapes
|
corks, red = aragonez, trincadeira, moreto, castelao frances
|
|
|
algarve
|
corks, tinta negra mole, trincadeira, periqueta (crato branco is dry fortified under film yeasts in a solera system- like sherry)
|
|
|
honjozu
|
alcohol added to the sake
|
|
|
blanco
|
zero to 60 days
|
|
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reposado
|
60 days to one year
|
|
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anejo
|
over one year
|
|
|
regions of tequila
|
jalisco, guanajuato, michoacan, nayarit, tamaulipas
|
|
|
mescal
|
from 10 types of agave, oaxaca is best, traditional method
|
|
|
bitters
|
campari (italy, herbs, fruit), angostura (trinidad, gentian, rum), fernet branca (italy, over 40 herbs fruits spices, oak aging for one year), underberg (germany, herbs from 43 different countries)
|
|
|
eau de vie
|
calvados (FR), pommeau (FR, 2/3 apple juice & 1/3 calvados- AC pommeau de normandie), framboise (raspberries- FR,GE Swiss), Kirsch (cherries- FR,GE,Swiss), mirabelle (small yellow plums), poire william (pears- FR,GE,Swiss), quetsch (red plums Alsace), Slivovitz (plums- balkan countries: known there as Rakia)
|
|
|
calvados
|
calvados, calvados domfrontais, calvados pays d'auge
|
|
|
vdl
|
pineau des charentes / pineau charente AOC (1/4 one year cognac added to 3/4 unfermented grape juice- vieux is aged 5 years), floc de gascogne (one year old armagnac), ratafia de champagne (adding marc de champagne to unfermented champagne must), australian muscats and liqueur tokays (muscadelles)
|
|
|
malaga grape
|
PX
|
|
|
aromatized wines
|
vermouth, barolo chinato, saint raphael (quinine)
|
|
|
coastal region
|
paarl, stellenbosch, tulbagh, tygerberg, cape darling, cape point, ward of constantia
|
|
|
breede river valley region
|
robertson, breedekloof, worcester
|
|
|
boberg
|
fortified wines of paarl and tulbagh
|
|
|
olifants river
|
citrusdal mountain, ditrusdal valley, lutzville valley- wards of piekenierskloof, spruitdrift, vrendendal
|
|
|
klein karoo
|
calizdorp, langeberg-garcia
|
|
|
marlborough sub regions
|
awetere valley, wairau valley
|
|
|
tasmania
|
North= pipers river, tamar valley, north west, South= derwent valley, huon valley, east coast, coal river
|
|
|
the great plain
|
csongrad, hajos-baja, kunsag Hungary!
|
|
|
bulgaria
|
danubian plane, black sea region, subbalkan region or rose valley region, thracian lowlands region, strouma valley region
|
|
|
northern hungary
|
eger, tokaj-hegyalia
|
|
|
trans danube
|
lake balaton, somlo, szekszard, villany siklos
|
|
|
hungary
|
great plain, northern hungary, trans danube
|
|
|
aegean islands
|
rhodes, samos, lemnos
|
|
|
cyclades
|
santorini GR
|
|
|
peleponesse
|
Nemea, Patras
|
|
|
ionian islands
|
kefalonia
|
|
|
epirus
|
zitsa
|
|
|
thessaly
|
anhialos, rapsani
|
|
|
macedonia
|
cotes de meliton, amyndeo, naoussa, goumenissa
|
|
|
minho VR
|
vinho verde
|
|
|
tras-os-montes VR
|
douro, porto
|
|
|
beiras VR
|
bairrada, dao, tavora-varose, beira interior
|
|
|
estramadura VR
|
bucelas, colares, carcavelos
|
|
|
ribatejano VR
|
ribatejo (sub regions= toma, almerim, cartaxo, chamusca, coruche, santarem)
|
|
|
terras do sado VR
|
palmela, setubal
|
|
|
alentejano VR
|
alentego (sub-regions= portalegre, borba, redondo, reguengas, vidigueira, evora, moura, granja-amereleja)
|
|
|
algarve VR
|
lagos, portimao, lagoa, tavira
|
|
|
acores VR
|
graciosa, pico, terceira All IPR's!
|
|
|
bergerac AC
|
similar to Bordeaux, adjoins St-Emilion in the north- AC Bergerac Sec means dry white wines
|
|
|
pecharment AC
|
AC within bergerac,m excellent wine
|
|
|
monbazillac ac
|
similar to sauternes of lower quality
|
|
|
cotes du duras AC
|
extension of entre-deux-mers, red white rose bordeaux varietals
|
|
|
cahors ac
|
SE of bergerac, on the River Lot- 70%min malbec, merlot, tannat
|
|
|
gaillac AC
|
SE of cahors, red, dry whites, roses- two sparkling wines Gaillac Mousseux & Gaillac mousseux Méthode Gaillacoise (similar to methode diosie ancestral)
|
|
|
jura
|
vin de paille, chateau chalon
|
|
|
chateau chalon
|
vin jaune, 62 cL clavelin bottle, savagnin grape- aged 6 years in barrels (not topped off), develops flor- unfortified, similar to sherry
|
|
|
arbois AC
|
jura, mainly for reds
|
|
|
savoie
|
whites, some reds and roses
|
|
|
jurancon
|
french pyrenees- gros manseng, petit manseng, camaralet, courbu, lauzet
|
|
|
madiran AC
|
sw corner of armagnac region: 40-60% of tannat
|
|
|
AC pacherenc du vic bilh
|
white wine produced in madiran, can be dry, sweet, or off dry
|
|
|
ac corbieres
|
red white rose in languedoc- best wine is ac corbieres boutenec (on limestone base)
|
|
|
fitou
|
2 parts- fitou maritime and fitou montagneux- both within and divided by corbieres / no more than 70% carignan
|
|
|
costieres de nimes
|
eastern languedoc, produces southern rhone style wines
|
|
|
limoux
|
SW of carcassonne / still, semi-sparkling, sparkling white wines: blanquette de limoux AC = 90% mauzac and chardonnay / cremant de limoux AC = max 90% chardonnay max 20% mauzac - some chenin blanc
|
|
|
syrah, roussane, marsanne
|
st joseph (15% white), hermitage (15% white), crozes hermitage (15%)
|
|
|
syrah, viognier
|
cote rotie (20% white)
|
|
|
s. rhone n>S
|
cotes du vivrais & tricastin up north, CNDP, BDV & gigondas in the middle, lirac, tavel, cotes de ventoux, cotes du luberon
|
|
|
What two yeasts are most commonly associated with lambic fermentation
|
Brettanomyces bruxellensis and Brettanomyces lambicus
|
|
|
namazake
|
unpasteurized sake
|
|
|
muroka
|
unfiltered
|
|
|
nigorizake
|
cloudy sake, loosely filtered from the mash and then unfiltered- much rice sediment in the bottle, shaken before serving
|
|
|
donburoku
|
home brew sake, typically cloudy and delicious
|
|
|
honjozo
|
slight amount of distilled sake has been added, created in the 60's
|
|
|
junmai-shu
|
pure sake, water, rice and koji only- at least 30% polished away
|
|
|
ginjo-shu
|
rice weight polished to 40% or less
|
|
|
daiginjo-shu
|
rice weight polished to 50% or less
|
|
|
junmai-shu
|
pure sake, no added fillers (rice, water, koji)
|
|
|
kura
|
sake brewery
|
|
|
sakagura
|
another name for a sake brewery
|
|
|
moromi
|
fermenting mixture of rice, water, koji and yeast
|
|
|
genshu
|
undiluted sake
|
|
|
toji
|
head brewer at a kura or sakagura
|
|
|
anthracnose
|
fungal disease, lesions on the leaves- common in humid areas, treated with Bordeaux mixture
|
|
|
armillaria root rot
|
fungal disease, white fungus under bark and in roots, treated by fumigation- no resistant rootstock
|
|
|
bacterial blight
|
bacterial, retards and kills young shoots- treated with copper
|
|
|
Bitter Rot
|
fungal disease, attacks damaged and over mature fruit (creates bitterness in the finished wine), treated with fungicide
|
|
|
black rot
|
fungal disease, moist humid weather conditions- destroys the crop, treated with open canopies and increased sun exposure
|
|
|
black wood
|
phytoplasm disease- spread by leafhoppers, growth reduction, reduces quality and yield of fruit
|
|
|
black xylem decline
|
possibly by fungus (rotting wood fungus)- similar to esca, treated with hot water
|
|
|
chlorosis
|
foliage turns yellow due to lack of chlorophyll, from iron deficeiency in limestone soils and other deficiencies as well- treated with using limestone resistant rootstocks
|
|
|
collar rot
|
fungal disease that attacks yourng vines in cool, moist soil- vines weaken and die / treated by removing soil at base of trunk and reducing soil moisture
|
|
|
crown gall
|
bacterial disease, growht of galls which prevent water from reaching the trunk
|
|
|
dead arm
|
fungal disease, found in areas that are wet during bud break- treated by removing the dead tissue and fungal treatments before during and after budbreak
|
|
|
downy mildew
|
fungal disease, caused by Plasmopara viticola- treated by bordeaux mixture
|
|
|
erinose mite
|
mite that loves grape vines, treated with sulfur- causes no real damage though their can be galls produced
|
|
|
esca
|
fungal disease, black measles- enters through wounds at the plant's surface (usually older plants 10+ years), black splotches on fruit and leaves- treated with sulfur
|
|
|
fanleaf degeneration
|
viral disease, spread by nematodes and causes leaves to shut down- killing the productivity of the vine / vines must be ripped out
|
|
|
fasciation
|
form of the viral desease fanleaf degeneration where abnormal shoot growth happens sided by side
|
|
|
flavescence doree
|
phytoplasm that reduces vitality and yields- fruit is high in acid and low in sugar and low in quality, spread by leaf hoppers
|
|
|
grapevine yellows
|
phytoplasm that reduces growth, causes leaf discoloration, leaf roling, and quality an dquantity of fruit is reduced- spread by leaf hoppers
|
|
|
peronospera
|
downy mildew, fungal disease
|
|
|
phomopsis
|
makes tissue brittle
|
|
|
pierce's disease
|
bacteriological- lethal to grape vines, no known cure- water is unable to travel through the vine
|
|
|
powdery mildew
|
infected plants have off flavors in wine and reduced yields- treated with sulfur
|
|
|
buttage
|
earthing up, to protect from frost (placing soil around vines)
|
|
|
baie
|
rack
|
|
|
bourbes
|
lees, sediment, "mud"
|
|
|
bourgeon
|
bud
|
|
|
clairet
|
pale red wine, rose
|
|
|
colle de poisson
|
isinglass
|
|
|
cuvage
|
fermenting in vats
|
|
|
ecoulage
|
free run
|
|
|
fut
|
cask
|
|
|
millesime
|
vintage, year
|
|
|
mutage
|
cutting wine with brandy to halt fermentation
|
|
|
pigeage
|
cap maceration
|
|
|
remontage
|
1. pumping over 2. repairing a vine covered hill after rain has washed away soil
|
|
|
soutirage
|
racking from cask to cask
|
|
|
debourbage
|
juice settling, racking before fermentation
|
|
|
remuage
|
riddling
|
|
|
degorgement
|
disgorging- sediment from the bottle in traditional method
|
|
|
cuvaison
|
maceration of red grapes in juice during fermantation
|
|
|
balthazar
|
16 bottles, 12 L
|
|
|
Salmanazar
|
12 bottles, 9 L
|
|
|
Methusaleh
|
8 bottles, 6 L
|
|
|
Rehoboam
|
6 bottles, 4.5 L (no longer made)
|
|
|
Jeroboam
|
4 bottles, 3 L
|
|
|
Marie Jean
|
2.25 L, Bordeaux, very rare
|
|
|
nebuchadnezzar
|
10 bottles, 15 L
|
|
|
clavelin
|
62 cL- used for vin jaune primarily
|
|
|
jennie
|
50 cL, used for tokaji, sauternes, jerez, sweet wines…
|
|
|
eutypa dieback
|
affects shoot growth, leaf development, kills all of or part of the vine in advanced stages- fungal disease- removal of part or all of the vine, no chemical treatment at this time
|
|
|
barack palinka
|
brandy base, apricots, unsweetened
|
|
|
five islands of scotch whiskey
|
orkney, jura, arran, mull, skye OJAMS- excludes islay
|
|
|
millerandage
|
shot berries cold or bad weather during flowering stage, leades to poor fruit set and develeopmet- berries are of different size and maturity levels
|
|
|
coulure
|
grapes fail to develop after flowering, caused by sugar (carbohydrate deficiency)
|
|
|
passerillage
|
drying out grapes before fermentation
|
|
|
regions of cognac
|
grande champagne, fine champagne, borderies, fins bois, bon bois, bois ordinaire
|
|
|
fine champagne
|
blend of grande and petite champagne cognacs, with at least half coming from grande champagne
|
|
|
pecharmant cepages
|
cab franc, cab sauv, cot (malbec), merlot
|
|
|
saussignac AC cepages
|
semillon, sauvignon blanc, muscadelle ondec, chenin blanc
|
|
|
monbazillac cepages
|
semillon, SB, muscadelle
|
|
|
where is ste croix du mont
|
sweet wine appelation on the right bank of the garonne, similar to Sauternes
|
|
|
cotes d'auvergne VDQS villages
|
boudes, chateaugay, chanturgue, corent, medargues
|
|
|
cotes d'auvergne VDQS
|
central valleys, to the west of beaujolais / chardonnay, PN, Gamay for a rose
|
|
|
cour-cheverney
|
tourraine, romarantin (in the loir-et-cher department)
|
|
|
clairette de die cepages, %'s
|
muscat blanc a petit grains min 75%, clairette max 25%
|
|
|
chateau rayas
|
chatea neuf du pape
|
|
|
l'echelle system
|
grand cru 100%, premier cru 90 - 99%, cru 80-89%
|
|
|
barolo communes (11)
|
barolo, monforte, serralunga d'alba, la morra d'alba, grinzane cavour, castiglione falletto, novello, roddi, cherasco, verduno, diano d'alba
|
|
|
barbaresco regions (3)
|
barbaresco, neive, treiso
|
|
|
notable barolo crus
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barolo commune- cannubi, sarmazza, brunate (shared with La Morra), la morra commune- cerequi, rocche / serralunga commune- lazzarito, vigna rionda / monforte commune- bussia, ginestra, santo stefan di perno / castiglione falletto commune- monprivato, villero
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notable barbaresco crus
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barbaresco commune- montefico, montestefano, rabaja / treiso commune- pajore / neive commune- bricco di nieve, santo stefano, albesani, gallina
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