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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What has to be broken and reformed in chemical reactions? |
Chemical Bods |
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What is released when bonds are broken or formed? |
Energy |
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What are the substances on the left side of the chemical equation? |
Reactants |
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What are the substances on the right side of the chemical equation? |
Products |
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Who is the "father of chemistry"? |
Antoine Lavoiser |
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What are numbers we put in front of elements or compounds in order to balance a chemical equation? |
Coefficients |
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What do we call the reaction if a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat or light energy (fire)? |
Combustion |
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What type of reaction is it when two or more substances combine? |
Synthesis (A+B=AB)
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If the energy released heat, what type of reaction is it? |
Exothermic |
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If the energy absorbed is heat, what type of reaction is it? |
Endothermic |
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What type of substance speeds up a chemical reaction? |
Catalyst |
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What type of substance slows down a chemical reaction? |
Inhibitor |
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In a chemical equation, what is the symbol that means "dissolved in water"? |
Aqeuous (aq)
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What do we call the substance being dissolved in a solution? |
Solute |
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What do we call the substance doing the dissolving in a solution? |
Solvent |
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What are three ways to increase the rate at which substances dissolve? |
Smaller particles (increases surface area), stir, higher tempature (except for gases) |
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What is motion? |
Change of position |
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What is the formula for speed? |
Distance divided by time |
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What is velocity? |
Speed and direction |
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What is acceleration? |
When an object changes speed or direction. |
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What is positive and negative acceleration |
Speeding up is positive and slowing down/stopping is negative acceleration |
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What is the formula for acceleration? |
Final Velocity-starting velocity ------------------------------------------ Time |
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What is force? |
Push or pull of an object |
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What is Newton's third law of motion? |
An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object at motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
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What is inertia? |
An object's resistance to change |
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What does inertia depend on? |
Mass |
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What is displacement? |
Distance and Direction from starting point |
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What is Newton's second law of motion? |
Force=Mass x Acceleration |
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What force opposes the sliding motion of two surfaces in contact? |
Friction |
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What force opposes the motion of objects moving through the air? |
Air resistance |
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What two things does gravitational force depend on? |
Mass of objects and distance between them |
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What is the path of a projectile? |
Downward curve (horizontal and vertical) |
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What is needed to have motion occur? |
Unbalanced forces |
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What do we call the net force on an object in a circular motion? |
Centripetal force |
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What is Newton's third law of motion? |
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
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How do we calculate the momentum of an object? |
P (momentum)=Mass x Velocity |
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What does the law of conservation of momentum state? |
Momentum cannot change unless its mass, velocity, or both change but it can be transferred. |
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What do we call energy of a position or stored energy? |
Potential |
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What do we call energy of motion? |
Kinetic |
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What does kinetic energy depend on ? |
Mass and velocity |
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What does the Law of conservation of Energy state? |
Energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can change forms and be transferred |
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What does gravitational potential energy depend on? |
Mass x Height x Gravity |
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What is the SI unit for energy? |
Joules |
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What do like charges do? |
Repel |
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What do unlike charges do? |
Attract |
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What materials allow electrons to move through them easily? |
Conductors |
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What materials do not allow electrons to move easily? |
Insulators |
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What is an accumulation of electrical charges on an object? |
Static Energy |
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What is the flow of electrons called? |
Current |
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What does a battery provide that will cause electrons to move? |
Voltage difference |
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What is resistance? |
Opposing the movement of electrons |
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What is the SI Unit for resistance |
Ohms |
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What scientific law relates current to voltage and resistance? |
Ohm's Law |
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What do we call a circuit that has only one path for electrons? |
Series Circuit |
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What do we call circuits that have more than one path for electrons? |
Parallel |
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What is the rate at which electrical energy is used? |
Power |
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What is the SI Unit for power? |
Watts |
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What is the regular voltage for houses in the United States? |
120 V |
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What devices are designed to open an overload circuit to prevent overheating? |
Circuit breaker switches and fuses |
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What is the SI Unit for current |
Amperes |
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What is lightning |
Giant Static Discharge |
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What produces H+ ions in a water solution? |
Acid |
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What produces OH- ions in a solution? |
Bases |
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What changes color in the presence of an acid or a base.
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Indicators |
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What are properties of a base |
Slippery feel and bitter taste |
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The formula HCL stands for |
Hydrochloric Acid |
