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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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NUTRIGENOMICS |
-Using genetic information and genomic tech to investigate how nutrients interact with our genome to impact our health and performancexf |
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DRI (Dietary Reference Intake) |
set of nutrient-based values which includes: -EAR - RDA - AI
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Metabolic Individuality |
everyone has different metabolic requirements for nutrients according to their genes for optimal functions, and some genes increase activity in response to nutrition |
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CHALLENGES TO NUTRITIONAL EPIDIMIOLOGY THAT NUTRIGENOMICS HELPS SOLVE |
-recall bias (you can't recall exactly what you ate) -improve measure of exposure - minimize residual confounding -identify bioactive components -elucidate mechanisms |
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BENEFITS OF PERSONAL GENOMIC TESTING (PGT) ON MEDICAL STUDENTS STUDIES |
-those who underwent testing pleased with decision, better understanding of patients experience of pgt, and less anxiety about pgt |
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NUTRIGENOMIX TEST |
-Developed for exclusive use by dietitians bc they are the best at providing a customizable nutrition plan and most qualified experts to offer nutritional advice and no referral is required so anyone can get it done -pane of 7 genetic tests -Based on scientific studies done in the best journals & asked by an expert science advisory board |
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THE 7 NUTRIGENOMIX TESTS |
-Sodium -Folate -Omega 3 -Whole Grains - Caffeine - Saturated Fat -Vitamin C
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Results of DNA-Based Dietary Advice |
-greater understanding of recommendations -greater interest of learning more -greater motivation to change eating habits -improved dietary outcomes |
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FIVE-STEP PROCESS OF NUTRIGENOMIX |
Test performed with dietitian (saliva sample)--> v sent to lab--> Results uploaded--> report generated -->results interpreted by dietitian who meets with you |
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VITAMIN C DEFICIENCY EFFECTS |
-increased HD, Diabetes, and cancer
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GSTT1 |
-If you have a deletion in this gene and you have a 250% higher risk of vitamin c deficiency while if you do have that gene you have a MUCH SMALLER risk for people that do meet the RDA as compared to people who don't -1 in 5 people have deletions |
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Vitamin C RDA |
75 mg/ day |
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Folate Deficiency |
-low folate linked to heart disease |
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MTFHR Gene |
-gene affecting Folate -if you have CT or TT genotype, you are more at risk than those with CC genotype (180% low serum phosphate versus 15%) -2 in 3 people have at risk genotype, if you do you have to make sure to have at least 400mg a day |
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WHOLE GRAINS BENEFITS |
Substitution of processed grains for whole grains may help reduce type II Diabetes some benefit from increasing whole grain consumption more than others |
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TCF7L2 Gene |
-GI (Glycemic Index): the higher the glycemic load the higher your blood sugar rises due to the food you eat after eating a fixed amount -People with GT or TT genotype of this gene have a 67% more risk than GG group and even have increased risk of diabetes (although not as much Glycemic Level) |
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Omega-3 Fats |
-may help reduce HD Levels by lowering triglycerides
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NOS3 |
-higher risk of HD by high triglycerides levels -subjects w/ GT and TT had 25% higher triglyceride levels than those with GG if they had low omega-3 consumption as compared to high -1 in 2 people have GT or TT |
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Saturated Fat |
-associated w HD, type II Diabetes, and obesity - some people more prone to obesity when consuming a diet high in saturated fat
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APOA2 Gene |
-if you have a high consumption of dietary fat and your genotype is CC, then you have a 67% higher risk of obesity than if your TT or TC -Only 10% of people have CC but it is still recommended that you should limit your intake because you may get high cholesterol otherwise
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Excessive Sodium Intake |
-linked to blood pressure - some people have sodium sensitivity which means their blood pressure gets raised even more
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ACE |
if you have high salt intake you'll have 20% increased risk of Blood pressure but if you have AA Phenotype you'll have 230% increase in blood pressure!!! -7 in 10 people have increased risk (GA or AA genotype) as opposed to GG |
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CAFFEINE |
-Can influence heart health if drank excessively -can affect blood pressure |
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CYP1A2 |
-breaks down caffeine in body -differing risk of heart attack depending on the version of gene - less active with GA or AA phenotype (1 in 2 people have GA/ AA phenotype) -significantly increased risk of drinking 2 or more cups of caffeine a day as compared to just , even more if you consume 4 -you should consume no more than 2 c a day to reduce this risk
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Ethical problems with nutrigenomics
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-if you merge nutrigenomics with medical records your insurance may say you are at risk -also some physicians think we are wasting gout money by focusing on that alley, so its easier to give drug versus nutrient which is why we see more drug research than nutrient research
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