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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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computed tomography (CT) |
produces axial and coronal views image is reconstructed by computer and recorded as: matrix of individual blocks called voxels each square of image is a pixel each pixel is assigned a CT number (proportion to attenuation of x-ray beam) CT range: -1000 - +1000 air is -1000 water is 0 dense bone is +1000 |
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advantages and disadvantages of CT |
advantages: eliminates superimposition of structures higher contrast resolution can differentiate soft tissues disadvantages: metallic artifact higher radiation dose |
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CT applications |
diagnosis of maxillofacial complex (tumor, trauma, inflammation) salivary gland disease TMJ |
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cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) |
produces 3D imaging of jaws and teeth uses pulsed cone-shaped x-ray beam that produces 150-600 "basis" images composed of voxels: superior dimensional accuracy in reconstruction process of raw data image can be viewed in axial, sagittal, coronal, and cross-sectional planes |
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CBCT applications |
oral and maxillofacial diagnosis ortho and endo planning TMJ abnormalities 3rd molar extractions airway assessment (sleep apnea) bone graft assessments dental implants: assess bone quantity and quality, shape and anatomy virtual implant placement to form surgical template NOT recommended for caries detection identifies bone defects and furcation involvements |
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magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
T1-weighted image: short TR and TE high signal in fat and bone marrow intermediate signal in muscle low signal in air, cortical bone, fibrocartilage, ligament good for anatomic detail structures T2-weighted image: long TR and TE high signal in water (edema, cystic lesions, CSF) intermediate signal in muscle low signal in air, cortical bone, fibrocartilage, ligament good for pathology |
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MRI applications |
internal derangements of TMJ (ADD with/without reduction) diagnosis of soft tissue neoplasms infectious diseases pathology related to cranial nerves |
