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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How is Broca's aphasia caused?
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It is caused by damage to the inferior frontal gyrus in the left hemisphere , the basal ganglia and the inferior section of the pre-central gyrus (Brodmann’s field 44 and 45)
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five distinguishing characteristics of Broca's aphasia
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non fluent speech, naming items is difficult, auditory comprehension is normal, oral reading is poor, writing difficulties
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What are 2 disorders that commonly occur with Broca's aphasia
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Apraxia of speech and dysarthria
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What causes Transcortical motor aphasia
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Transcortical motor aphasia is caused by a lesion in the anterior superior frontal lobe either just above or just below Broca’s area (this leaves broca’s area unchanged)
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characteristics of Transcortical motor aphasia
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speechlessness, echolalia, nonfluent paraphasic agrammatic and telegraphic speech, repetition, refusal to repeat nonsense sentences, do not finish sentences, minimal word fluency, syntax will be simple and inaccurate, will use physical activities to attempt to start speech, good comprehension of simple conversation , reading aloud is slow and difficult, writing is very impaired
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What is a distinctive characteristic of Transcortical motor aphasia
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good repetition skills
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What are other symptoms of transcortical motor aphasia
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motor disorders such as a rigidity of the upper extremities, poor movement (akinesia), a slowness of movement (bradykinesia), buccofacial apraxia and a weakness of the legs.
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which type of aphasia is rare
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Mixed Transcortical Aphasia
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characteristics of Mixed Transcortical Aphasia
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minimal spontaneous speech, communication is automatic unintentional and involuntary, acute echolalia, repetition, extremely non fluency, impaired auditory comprehension, obvious naming difficulty,automatic speech is generally unimpaired, reading, reading comprehension and writing are all very impaired
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What is the most severe of all non fluent aphasias
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Global Aphasia
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characteristics of global aphasia
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intensely impaired language skills, non fluent, expressions are only a few words exclamations and serial utterances, impaired repetition, impaired naming, only single word auditory comprehension, perseveration, impaired reading and writing
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What other disorders occur with global aphasia
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Verbal and non verbal apraxia is common in global aphasia
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What is the most common fluent aphasia
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wernicke's aphasia
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What causes wernicke's aphasia
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It is caused by an infarct of the temporal arteries seen in the posterior sector of the superior gyrus (Brodmann’s field 22) in the left hemisphere
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characteristics of wernicke's aphasia
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Ceaseless speech with either normal or abnormal fluency of normal phrase length, speech is rapid with normal prosodic features and good articulation,"", extreme word finding problems, paraphasic speech, produce meaningless words, circumlocution, imprecise speech (replace words with this, that, stuff, thing), auditory comprehension is poor ,conversation turn taking is impaired, repetition skills are impaired, impaired reading comprehension, impaired writing, even with fluent speech communication poor
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how is Transcortical sensory aphasia caused
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It is caused by lesions to the temporoprietal area of the brain, specifically in the posterior part of the middle temporal gyrus
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characteristics of Transcortical sensory aphasia
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phrase length that are normal with fluent speech, prosody is good, articulation is normal, grammar and syntax seem to be appropriate, speech is paraphasic and empty, major naming problems, repetition skills are good but comprehension of repeated words is reduced, echolalia, auditory comprehension is impaired, difficulty in following directions pointing and answering y/n questions, automatic speech is normal (counting), reading aloud is good but comprehension is poor, oral reading is usually better than other language skills, poor writing
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How is Transcortical sensory aphasia different than wernicke's aphasia
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It is very similar to wernicke’s but repetition ability is intact.
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what is conduction aphasia
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Rare form of fluent aphasia, caused by lesions between broca’s and wernicke’s areas
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What is the main difference between conduction aphasia and wernicke's aphasia
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the core difference between conduction and wernicke’s aphasia is that with conduction aphasia there is good to normal auditory comprehesion
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