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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ultrasound when can we visualize adrenal gland |
In babies |
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To triangular shaped retroperitoneal endocrine Glands are |
Adrenal glands |
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Adrenal glands are covered by what what coverings |
Gerotas fascia and embedded by far , covered by capsule |
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Location for Adrenal glands |
Anterior, superior and medial to each of the kidneys |
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What are the two portions of the Adrenal glands |
Cortex and medulla |
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Outer portion of gland and makes up 80% of the gland that appears Hypoechoic(isoechoic to liver/ spleen) |
Adrenal cortex |
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Central portion of gland that appears echogenic on ultrasound |
Medulla |
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What is the right adrenal gland located |
Between the right lobe of the liver, IVC and right kidney |
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Shapes of adrenal glands |
Triangular or pyramidal (y or v ) shape |
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Landmarks for left adrenal gland |
Yorida, spleen, left kidney and left crus of the diaphragm |
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Left adrenal shape is |
Semilunar |
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What produces the cortisol and aldosterone (responsible for amount of sodium and water in the body) |
Adrenal cortex |
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What Produces two hormones (catecholamines) epinephrine and norepinephrine |
Adrenal medulla |
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Large adrenal masses displaces the upper pole of the kidney |
Caudally and laterally |
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Excessive secretion of aldosterone (from cortex) |
Conns syndrome |
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What is responsible for regulating blood pressure by controlling the amount of sodium and water in body |
Aldosterone |
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Sign and symptoms for Conns syndrome |
Hypertension , excessive thirst , high levels of sodium (hyperatremia) and low levels of potassium ( hypokalemia) |
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Hyper function of adrenal glands(cortisol) because of adrenal tumor or hyperplasia |
Cushing syndrome |
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Cortisol plays an important role in |
Metabolism, blood pressure regulation, Obesity, hypertension,hirutism hyperglycemia and severe fatigue |
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Bilateral hemorrhage into the adrenal glands particularly stressed neonates |
Waterhouse friderichsen |
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Pheochromocytomas associated with |
MENS syndrome |
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Most common malignant mass in children it appears as a solid large heterogeneous mass that typically contains calcification and can spread around to the IVC and aorta |
Neuroblastoma |
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Neuroblastoma malignant tumor where |
Adrenal glands |
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Lab values for Waterhouse friderichsen |
Decrease hematocrit value and blood pressure |
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Either hyperfunctioning or non-hyperfunctioning an ultrasound appearance is a hypoechoic mass everyone |
Adrenal adenoma |
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Where in adults but very common in neonates (the most common neonatal adrenal abnormality ) and is associated with Waterhouse friderichsen |
Adrenal hemorrhage |
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Difficult delivery and hypoxia a delivery can predispose The Neo Nate to |
Adrenal hemorrhage |
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Lab value for Adrenal hemorrhage |
Drop in hematocrit and blood pressure |
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Ultrasound appearance for Adrenal hemorrhage |
Depends on the age of the hemorrhage |
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Arises from the adrenal Medulla causes uncontrollable hypertension, headaches, tachycardia, tremors, Anxeity and excessive sweating |
Pheochromocytomas (from medulla of adrenal gland ) |
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Pheochromocytomas originates from |
Medullary torsion |
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Ultrasound appearance for Pheochromocytomas |
Hypoechoic mass with a weak posterior enhancement, well encapsulated and highly vascular |
