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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do we know about neurotransmitter in individual who experience stress disorders?
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It is found in the urine, blood, and saliva of combat soldiers, rape victims, concentration camp |
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What are the current potential explantations for why Hispanic Americans may be more vulnerable to PTSD? |
Cultural beliefs systems about trauma and the cultural emphasis on social relationships and social support |
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What personality factors make an individual more vulnerable to developing PTSD? |
Pre-existing high anxiety and negative worldview |
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What's relationship between social support systems and the likelihood of developing PTSD? |
People whose social support systems are WEAK are more likely to develop a stress disorder |
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Is psychological debriefing effective? What do research studies suggest? |
Health professionals believe in it despite the unsupportive research, the current climate is moving away from outright acceptance |
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What developmentally sensitive psychological treatment for children with PTSD? |
Cognitive behavioral theory and play therapy |
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Dissociative Amnesia |
Unable to recall important information, usually an upsetting nature about their lives; localized, selective, generalized and continuous |
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Dissociative Fugue |
- Extreme version of dissociative amnesia - not only forget their potential identities 7 details of their past, but also flee to an entirely different location - ends abruptly |
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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) |
develops 2 or more distinct personalities each with a unique set of memories, behaviors, thoughts, and emotions |
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Switching |
The transition from one sub personality to the next, usually sudden and may be dramatic |
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Mutually Amnesic Relationships? |
Sub personalities have no awareness of one another |
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Mutually cognizant patterns |
Each sub personality is well aware of the rest |
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One way amnesic relationships |
Most common pattern; some personalities are aware of others, but the awareness is not mutual |
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Is DID increasing or decreasing? |
Increasing |
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Why are some mental health professionals skeptical about the legitimacy of dissociative identity disorder?
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Many cases of DID first come to attention only after a persons already in treatment |
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Do individuals manufacture symptoms intentionally? |
yes |
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What is malinger? What is the end goal? |
intentionally fake illness to achieve external gain; wish to become a patient What us |
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What is factitious disorder imposed on another? |
- often go to extremes to create the appearance of illness - researchers have hard time determining the prevalence of the disorder as patients hide the true nature of their problem |
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Factitious Disorder |
Sometimes when physicians can't find a medical cause for a patients symptoms, he/she may suspect others factored are involved |
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Conversion Disorder |
-Display physical symptoms that affect voluntary motor or sensory functioning, but the symptoms are inconsistent with known medical diseases - Hard to distinguish - Diagnosed 2x more in women or men -excessive & uncontrolled emotions underlie the bodily symptoms |
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What is psychoneuroimmunology? |
The study of the connections among stress, the body's immune system and illness |
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How many suicides occur annually in the US? |
36,000 |
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Gender and suicide |
- Women are 3x more likely to attempt (pills, poison and cutting) - Men are 4x likely to complete (hanging, guns and jumping) |
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What is the relationship between age and suicide? |
- Children suicides have been increasing; 6% die from suicides - Adolescents suicides 10% die from it; 25:1 attempt to complete ratio - Elderly suicides 19% commit suicide |
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What psychological disorder places an individual at the highest risk to complete suicide? |
Depressive disorder, alcoholism and schizophrenia |
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What is parasuicide? |
Unsuccessful attempts of suicide |
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Death Seekers |
Clearly intend to end their lives |
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Death Initiators |
Intend to end their lives because they believe that the process of death is already underway |
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Death Ignorers |
Do not believe that self-inflicted death will mean the end of their existence |
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Death Darers |
Have ambivalent feelings about death and show this is the act itself |
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How is suicide studied? |
Retrospective analysis (a kind of psychological autopsy) and studying people who survive their suicide attempts |
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The link between certain professions and suicide |
High risk occupations: psychologists, police, dentist and anesthesiologists commit suicide more |
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What happens to a depressed individuals risk of committing suicide as they begin to feel less depressed? |
They still remain at high risk of suicide |
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What is altruistic suicide? |
Suicide committed for the benefit of others |
