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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Dissociative disorders
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mental disorders in which a person’s identity, memory and consciousness are altered or disrupted
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1. Dissociative disorders (list)
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a. Dissociative amnesia
b. Dissociative fugue c. Depersonalization disorder d. Dissociative identity disorder |
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a. Dissociative amnesia
1. Treatment 2. Explanations -Types |
a. Dissociative amnesia – partial or total loss of important personal information, sometimes occurring after a stressful or traumatic event - as a result of psychological factors
1. Treatment – depression and severe stress is associated. Alleviating the depression and stress helps 2. Explanations a. Biological - variation in brain activity – childhood trauma/ stress can change brain structure b. Psychoanalytic – repression of impulses/ ways of coping with childhood abuse c. Sociocultual - exposure to media portrayals of dissociation and role enactment/ responding the therapist expectations ii. Localized – failure to recall all events that happened in a specific short period iii. Selective – inability to remember certain details of an incident iv. Generalized – inability to remember anything about one’s past life v. Systematized – loss of memory for certain categories of information (family member) vi. Continuous – inability to recall any events that have occurred between a specific time in the past and the present time |
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b. Dissociative fugue i. Treatment
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b. Dissociative fugue – confusion over personal identity (often involving the partial or complete assumption of a new identity), accompanied by unexpected travel away from home
i. Treatment – depression and severe stress is associated. Alleviating the depression and stress helps |
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c. Depersonalization disorder
-Treatment -ii. Astroprojection |
c. Depersonalization disorder – characterized by feelings of unreality concerning the self and the environment
i. Treatment – alleviating feelings of anxiety or depression or fear of going insane. ii. Astroprojection – see yourself being somewhere else |
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d. Dissociative identity disorder
i. Treatment ii. Iatrogenic disorder |
d. Dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality) – two or more relatively independent personalities appear to exist in one person
i. Treatment – Integrating all the individual personalities by using hypnosis. Also working through traumatic memories. ii. Iatrogenic disorder – a condition unintentionally produced by a therapists using suggestion/ reinforcement to encourage reports of DID from client |
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1. Somatoform disorders
i. Malingering ii. Factitious disorders iii. Explanations |
i. Malingering – faking a disorder to achieve a goal
ii. Factitious disorders – mental disorder in which the symptoms of physical/mental illnesses are deliberately induced with no apparent incentive iii. Explanations 1. Biological – increased vulnerability when people have high sensitivity to body sensations/ a history of illness or injury 2. Psychoanalytic – repression of sexual conflicts and their conversion into physical symptoms. 3. Social – the role of ‘being sick’ is reinforcing 4. Sociocultural – societal restrictions placed on women. Also social class - limited knowledge of medical concepts |
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1. Somatoform disorders (list)
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b. Somatization disorder
c. Conversion disorder d. Pain disorder e. Hypochondriasis f. Body dysmorphic disorder |
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b. Somatization disorder
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b. Somatization disorder – disorder involving chronic complaints of specific bodily symptoms that have no physical basis
i. Complaints that involve at least 4 pain symptoms in different sites ii. Two gastrointestinal symptoms iii. One sexual symptom iv. One neurological symptom v. Undifferentiated somatoform disorder – diagnosis given someone who does not fully meet the criteria for somatization disorder but who has at least one physical complaint in 6 months |
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c. Conversion disorder –
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c. Conversion disorder – physical problems or impairments in sensory or motor functioning (loss of feeling, sight or hearing) controlled by the voluntary nervous system that suggest a neurological disorder but no underlying organic cause
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d. Pain disorder
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severe pain that have no physical basis – can be pain that lingers long after a physical condition has healed
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e. Hypochondriasis
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a persistent preoccupation with one’s health and physical condition, even in the face of physical evaluations that reveal no organic problems
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f. Body dysmorphic disorder
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preoccupation with an imagined defect in appearance in a normal-appearing person or an excessive concern over a slight physical defect
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• Stressors
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external event or situation that puts stress on someone
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• Acute stress disorder (ASD)
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– anxiety and dissociative symptoms that occur within one month after exposure to a traumatic stressor
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• Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
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anxiety, stress that last for more than one month as a result of exposure to extreme trauma
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• General adaptation syndrome (GAS)
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o Alarm
• Fight or flight stage • Catacholomines/cortisol go up o Resistance • Get rid of change – restore homeostasis • Adapt • Takes energy o Exhaustion • Get sick o Die |
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• Personality disorder –
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a disorder characterized by inflexible, long-standing personality traits that cause functional impairment, subjective distress or both.
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• Personality disorder –
• DSM-IV |
– recognizes the importance of culture/ethnicity
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• Disorders characterized by odd or eccentric behaviors
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o Paranoid personality disorder
o Schizoid personality disorder o Schizotypal personality disorder |
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o Paranoid personality disorder
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• Unwarranted suspiciousness, hypersensitivity, reluctance to trust others
• Like schizophrenia but not psychotic – believe in conspiracies but don’t have explanations • Higher in males |
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o Schizoid personality disorder
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• Socially isolated (few friends), emotionally cold, indifferent to others
• Avoid competition • Higher in males |
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o Schizotypal personality disorder
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• Similar to schizoid but even more eccentric/odd
• Peculiar thoughts and behaviors, poor interpersonal relationships • Higher in males |
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• Disorders characterized by dramatic, emotional, erratic behaviors
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o Antisocial personality disorder
o Borderline personality disorder o Histrionic personality disorder o Narcissistic personality disorder |
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o Antisocial personality disorder
- oxymoron -what profession? -Biological, psychological, social, sociocultural |
• Failure to conform to social or legal codes
• Lack of anxiety or guilt • Irresponsible behaviors • Oxymoron – remorse • Don’t have enough adrenaline to feel activated – often kill to feel rush • Untreatable – don’t want to be treated • High percentage of preachers with disorder • Smooth, intelligent • Higher in males • Biological • Genetic, can be passed down • Abnormalities in brain • Autonomic nervous system – lack of anxiety, engage in thrill seeking behavior • Psychological • Psychodynamic – absence of guilt, violation of ethical standards – dominated by id impulses • Cognitive – unconscious thoughts • Social learning – back role models • Social • Environmental • Sociocultural • Male, ethnicity |
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o Borderline personality disorder
-why cut? -• Dialect-Behavior therapy |
• Intense fluctuations in mood, self image, and interpersonal relationships
• Extreme outbursts • Sexually seductive/provocative • High suicide rate • Women that were often sexually abused • Higher in females • Often cut • Remind themselves they are alive • To relieve stress • Because it’s a fad→ get attention • Dialect-Behavior therapy – you’re fucked up, you’re always going to be fucked up but you can still get pleasure out of your life |
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o Histrionic personality disorder
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• Very dramatic, exaggerated emotions
• Attention seeking • Look for men who are controlling (man with OCPD is a good match) • Higher in women |
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o Narcissistic personality disorder
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• Exaggerated sense of self-importance
• Lack of empathy, light conscience • Higher in male |
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• Disorders characterized by anxious or fearful behaviors
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o Avoidant personality disorder
o Dependent personality disorder o Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder |
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o Avoidant personality disorder
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• Fear of rejection/humiliation
• Reluctance to enter social relationships • Different between social phobia is they avoid doing things that don’t necessarily have to do with dealing with people • Chronic procrastinator/ very lazy |
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o Dependent personality disorder
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• Reliance on other
• Inability to assume responsibilities/ make decisions • When things go wrong, blame others • Higher in women |
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o Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
-differences with OCD |
• Perfectionism
• Controlling • Very neat/ need order • Devotion to details/ rigid • Difference with OCD – not perfectionist, huge need for control, aren’t always neat |
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• Depressants (sedatives)
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substances that causes depression of central nervous system and a slowing down of responses
o Alcohol o Narcotics (opiates) – heroin – build tolerance quickly, very addictive o Barbituates – |
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• Stimulants
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CNS energizer
o Amphetamines – meth, E o Caffeine – most common drug abused o Nicotine o Cocaine – |
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• Hallucinogens
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produces hallucinations, not addictive
o Marijuana - o LSD – flashbacks (good trips and bad trips) o PCP – superman drug |
