Abnormal Psych - Chapter 5 Stress & Physical & Mental Health

Front 1

Acute Stress Disorder

Back 1

Disorder that occurs within 4 weeks after a traumatic event and lasts for a minimum of 2 days and a maximum of 4 weeks

Front 2

Adjustment Disorder

Back 2

A disorder in which a person's response to a common stressor is maladaptive and occurs within 3 months of the stressor

Front 3

Allostatic Load

Back 3

The biological cost of adapting to stress. Under conditions of high stress our allostatic load is high. When we are calm, our allostatic load is low and our bodies are not experiencing any of the physiological consequences of stress (e.g. racing heart, high levels or cortisol, etc.)

Front 4

Antigens

Back 4

A foreign body (e.g., a virus or bacteria) or an internal threat (e.g., a tumor) that can trigger an immune response.

Front 5

B-cell

Back 5

A type of white blood cell, produced in the bone marrow, that is (along with T-cells) very important in the immune system. B-cells produce specific antibodies in response to specific antigens.

Front 6

Behavioral Medicine

Back 6

Broad interdisciplinary approach to the treatment of physical disorders thought to have psychological factors as major aspects in their causation and/or maintenance.

Front 7

Coping Strategies

Back 7

Efforts to deal with stress

Front 8

Cortisol

Back 8

Human stress hormone released by the cortex of the adrenal glands

Front 9

Crisis

Back 9

Stressful situation that approaches or exceeds the adaptive capacities of an individual or group

Front 10

Crisis Intervention

Back 10

Provision of psychological help to an individual or group in times of severe and special stress

Front 11

Cytokines

Back 11

Small protein molecules that enable the brain and the immune system to communicate with each other. Cytokines can augment or enhance an immune system response or cause immunosuppression, depending on the specific cytokine that is released.

Front 12

Debriefing Sessions

Back 12

Psychological debriefing is a brief, directive treatment method that is used in helping people who have undergone a traumatic situation. Debriefing sessions are usually conducted with small groups of trauma victims shortly after the incident for the purpose of helping them dealing with the emotional residuals of the event.

Front 13

Distress

Back 13

Negative stress, associated with pain, anxiety, or sorrow.

Front 14

Essential Hypertension

Back 14

High blood pressure with no specific known physical cause

Front 15

Health Psychology

Back 15

Subspecialty within behavioral medicine that deals with psychology's contributions to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of psychological components of physcial dysfunction

Front 16

Hypertension

Back 16

High blood pressure, defined as a persisting systolic blood pressure of 140 or more and a diastolic blood pressure of 90 or greater

Front 17

Hypothalamic-pituitary Adrenocortical (HPA)

Back 17

Brain-endocrine system involved in responding to stress in which the hypothalamus and pituitary send message to the adrenal gland which releases a stress hormone that feeds back on the hypothalamus

Front 18

Immune System

Back 18

The body's principal means of defending itself against the intrusion of foreign substances

Front 19

Immunosuppression

Back 19

A down-regulation or dampening of the immune system. This can be short or long term and can be triggered by injury, stress, illness, and other factors.

Front 20

Leukocytes

Back 20

Also Lymphocytes. Generalized term for white blood cells involved in immune protection.

Front 21

Lymphocytes

Back 21

Generalized term for white blood cells involved in immune protection

Front 22

Positive Psychology

Back 22

A new field that focuses on human traits (e.g., optimism) and resources that are potentially important for health and well-being.

Front 23

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Back 23

Disorder the occurs following an extreme traumatic event, in which a person reexperiences the event, avoids reminders of the trauma, and exhibits persistent increased arousal.

Front 24

Prolonged Exposure

Back 24

A behaviorally-oriented treatment strategy in which the patient is asked to vividly recount the traumatic event over and over until there is a decrease in their emotional responses.

Front 25

Psychoneuroimmunology

Back 25

Study of the interactios between the immune system and the nervous system and the influence of these factors on behavior.

Front 26

Stress

Back 26

Effects created within an organism by the application of a stressor.

Front 27

Stress-innoculation Training

Back 27

Type of self-instructional training focused on altering self-statements that a person routinely makes in stress-producing situations.

Front 28

Stress Tolerance

Back 28

A person's ability to withstand stress without becoming seriously impaired.

Front 29

Stressors

Back 29

Adjustive demands that require coping behavior on the part of the individual or group.

Front 30

Sympathetic-adrenomedullary (SAM) System

Back 30

System designed to mobilize resources and prepare for a fight-or-glight response.

Front 31

T-cell

Back 31

A type of white blood cell that, when activated, can recognize specific antigens. T-cells play an important role in the immune response.

Front 32

Type A Behavior Pattern

Back 32

Excessive competitive drive even when it is unnecessary, impatience or time urgency, and hostility.

Front 33

Type D Personality

Back 33

Type D (for distressed) personality is characterized by high levels of negative emotions and social anxiety. Research suggests that Type D personality is linked to heart attacks.