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24 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Agoraphobia
Fear of being in places or situations where a panic attach may occur, and from which escape would be physically difficult or psychologically embarrassing, or in which immediate help would be unavailable in the event that some mishap occurred.
Amygdala
A collection of nuclei that are almond-shaped which lie in front of the hippocampus in the limbic system of the brain. It is involved in regulation of emotion and is critically involved in the emotion of fear.
Anxiety
A general feeling of apprehension about possible danger.
Anxiety disorders
An unrealistic, irrational fear of anxiety of disabling intensity. DSM-IV-TR recognizes seven types of anxiety disorders: phobic disorders (specific or social), panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia), generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stree disorder.
Anxiety Sensitivity
A personality trait involving a high level of belief that certain bodily symptoms may have harmful consequences.
Blood-Injection-Injury Phobia
Persistent and disproportionate fear of the sight of blood or injury, or the possibility of having an injection. Afflicted persons are likely to experience a drop in blood pressure and sometimes faint.
Cognitive Restructuring
Cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques that aim to change a person's negative or unrealistic thoughts and attributions.
Compulsions
Overt repetitive behaviors (such as hand washing or checking) or more covert mental acts (such as counting, praying, saying certain words silently, or odering) that a person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession.
Exposure and Response Prevention
An effective behavioral therapy to treat obsessive-compulsive disorders invovling having the OCD clients develop a hierachy of upsetting stimuli and rating them on a 0 to 100 scale accoding to ther capcity to evoke anxiety, distress, or disgust. They then expose themselves repeatedly to the stimuli and not engage in rituals they would ordinarily do to reduce the ansiety/distress.
Exposure Therapy
A form of behario therapy for specific phobias that involves controlled exposure to the stimuli or situations that elicit phobic fear.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Chronic excessive worry about a number of events or activities, with no specific threat present, accompanies by at least three of the following symptoms: restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance.
Neurosis
Term historically used to characterize maladaptive behavior resulting from intrapsychic conflict and marked by prominent use of defense mechanisms.
Obsessions
Persistent and recurrent intrusive thoughts, images, or impulses that a person experiences as distrubing and inappropriate but has difficulty suppressing.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Anxiety disorder characterized by the persistent intrusion of unwanted and intrusive thoughts or distressing images; these are usually accompanied by compulsive behaviors designed to neutralize the obsessive thoughts or images or to prevent some dreaded event or situation.
Panic Disorder
Occurrence of repeated unexpected panic attacks, often accompanied by intense anxiety about having another one.
Exteroceptive Conditioning
The conditioning of anxiety or panic to stimuli that originate from outside the body or to the sensory receptors that they activate.
Interoceptive Conditioning
The conditioning of anxiety or panic to stimuli originating from within the body that are related to the functioning of the internal organs or the receptors they activate
Neurotic Disorders
A category of mental disorders characterized by anxiety and avoidance behavior, with symptoms distressing to the patient, intact reality testing, no violations of gross social norms, and no apparent organic etiology
Panic Attack
The sudden onset of intense anxiety, characterized by feelings of intense fear and apprehension and accompanied by palpitations, shortness of breath, sweating, and trembling.
Panic Provacation Procedures
The theory that panic ttacks are alarmed reactions caused by biochemical dysfunctions.
Phobia
Persistent and disproportionate fear of some specific object or situation that presents little or no actual danger.
Prepared Learning
Through selection and evolution, humans and primates that rapidly developed fears to situations that posed real threat had a higher survival rate than those that did not. Over time this process has accounted for humans and primates that readily develop fear to these objects or situations. These fears are highly resistant to extinction because they are so ingrained for our survival.
Social Phobia
Fear of situations in which a person might be exposed to the scrutiny of others and fear of acting in a humiliating or embarrassing way.
Specific Phobia
Persistent or disproportionate fears of various objects, places, or situations, such as fears of situations (airplanes or elevators), other species (snakes, spiders), or aspects of the environment (high places, water).