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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Event creating demand
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Stressor
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Person's reaction to demands
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Stress response
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Physical stress disorders
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psychophysiological disorders
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DSM-IV Heading for psychophysiological disorders
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Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Condition
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The area of the brain where features of arousal and fear are put into motion
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Hypothalamus
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Hypothalamus activates these 2 systems
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Autonomic Nervous System & Endocrine System
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Extensive network of nerve fibers that connect CNS to all the other organs of the body
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Autonomic Nervous System
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Brain and Spinal Cord
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Central Nervous System
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Autonomic controls what activities?
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Involuntary
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Network of glands throughout the body
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Endocrine System
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A special system of ANS fibers that work to quicken our heartbeat and produce other changes we experience as pain or anxiety. Excited first by hypothalamus
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Sympathetic Nervous System
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Gland on kidneys producing ephinephrin and norepinephrine
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Adrenal medulla
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Second group of ANS fibers which help return body processes to normal
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Parasympathetic system
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Sometimes called the body's major stress hormone
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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2nd pathway producing arousal and fear in the Pituitary gland - affecting ACTH levels
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hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) pathway
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Stress hormones released by adrenal glands in the adrenal cortex by the HPA pathway
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Corticosteriods (including cortisol)
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Person's general level of arousal and anxiety
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trait anxiety
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Differing in the sense of which situations are threatening
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Situation or state anxiety
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Symptoms begin within 4 weeks of a traumatic event and lasting less than a month
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acute stress disorder
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Symptoms last longer than a month after a traumatic event
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Post traumatic stress disorder
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psychological seperation
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dissociation
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Percentage of people in the US suffering from a stress disorder in any given year
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4%
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% of people who suffer from a stress disorder at some time in their life
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8%
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% of women compared to men who develop a stress disorder after a traumatic event
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20%-8%
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Victims of rape each year
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876,000
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number of women raped in their lifetime
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1/7
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percentage of rape victims raped by acquaintances or relatives
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80%
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two types of victimization
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sexual assault and terrorism
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abnormal levels of these hormones have been attributed to developing a stress disorder
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cortisol and norepinephrine
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New form of exposure therapy in which clients move their eyes in a rhythmic manner from side to side while filling mind with images they ordinarily try to avoid
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Rapid eye movent desensitization and reprossessing
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veterans meet with others like themselves to share experiences and feelings, develop insigts and give mutual support
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rap groups
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Special training given to mental health professionals for the delivery of emergency mental health services
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Critical incident stress debriefing
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a reluctance to express discomfort, anger or hostility which can cause stress disorder
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repressive coping style
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Defects in this system cause stress disorders
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ANS
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new area of study that ties stress and illness to the body's immune system
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psychoneuroimunology
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Holmes & Rahe developed this which assigns numerical values to life's stressors
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Social Adjustment rating scale
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foreign invaders in the body
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antigens
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white blood cells that circulate through the lymph system and blood stream
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lymphocytes
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Problems that appear to be medical but are actually due to psychological factors
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somatoform disorders
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patterns that feature major losses or changes in memory or identity, not due to physical ones
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dissociative disorder
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A pattern of physical complaints with largely psychosocial causes... when the physical ailment has no apparent cause
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somataform disorder
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Type of somatoform disorder where there is an actual change in physical functioning
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hysterical somatoform disorders
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people who are healthy mistakenly worry that there is something physically wrong with them
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preoccupation somatoform disorders
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psychosocial conflict or need is converted into dramatic physical symptoms that affect voluntary motor or sensory functioning
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Conversion disorder
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Conversion disorder is quite rare... how many have it?
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5 in every 1000 people
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Also known as Briquet's syndrome, these people have many long-term physical ailments that have little or no organic basis.
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Somatization disorder
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when psychological factors play a central role in the onset, severity or continuation of pain
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Pain disorder with psychological factors
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Conversion symptom where numbness begins sharply at the wrist and extends evenly right to the fingertips
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Glove anesthesia
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Intenionally faking an illness to achieve some external gain
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Malingering
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intentionally producing or faking physical symptoms simply out of the wish to be a patient
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facticious disorder
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Extreme and long term form of factitious disorder
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Munchausen syndrome
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parents make up or produce physical illnesses in their children
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munchausen syndrom by proxy
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Unrealistically interpreting bodily symptoms as signs of a physical illness
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Hypochondriasis
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percentage of people with hypochondriasis
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1-5%
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Also known as dysmorphophobia, people with this become deeply concerned about some imagined or minor defect in their appearance
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body dysmorphic disorder
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% of BDD subjects who are housebound... % who attempted suicide
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30%... 17%
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percentage in u.s. with BDD
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2%... 4% college
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For Freud, hysterical disorders centered on the needs of girls during this phase...
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phallic stage
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Girls developing sexual feelings for her father and recognizing she must compete with her mother for his affection
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Electra Complex
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people achieve this when their hysterical symptoms keep their internal conflicts out of awareness
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Primary gain
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people achieve this when their hysterical symptoms enable them to avoid unpleasant activities or to receive kindess or sympathy from others
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Secondary gain
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substances that have no known medical value
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placebos
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obsessive compulsive anti-depressant drugs have been shown to help this somatoform disorder
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body dismorphic disorder
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behavioral approach that often helps with obsessive compulsive disorder
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exposure and response prevention
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sense of who we are
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identity
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Key to sense of identity; link between past, present and future
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memory
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changes in memory that lack a clear physical cause
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dissociative disorders
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A person with this not only forgets the past but travels to a new location and may assume a new identity
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dissociative fugue
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multiple personalities
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dissociatie identity disorder
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persistent feelings of being seperated from one's own body or mental processes
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depersonalization disorder
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people with this disorder are unable to recall important info about their lives and this loss isn't due to organic causes, usually triggered by upsetting event
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dissociatie amnesia
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Most common type of amnesia in which a person loses all memory of events that took place within a limited period of time
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localized amnesia
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forgotten period
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amnestic episode
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second most common form of amnesia where people remember some, but not all events that occured in a period of time
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selective amnesia
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loss of memory extends back to times long before the upsetting period
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generalized amnesia
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forgetting continues into the present
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continuous amnesia
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percentage of people who have experienced dissociative fugue
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.2%
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personalities in people with DID, each with a unique set of memories, behaviors, thoughts and emotions
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subpersonalities or alternate personalities
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personality which appears most often
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primary or host personality
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percentage of DID patients who were abused as a child
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97%
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women receive DID diagnosis how many times more than men
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3 times
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subpersonalities have no awareness of each other
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mutually amnestic
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each personality is well aware of the rest
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mutually cognizant
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most common relationship pattern where some subpersonalities are aware of others, but the awareness is not mutual
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one-way amnesic or co-conscious subpersonalities
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Avg. subpersonalities for women... men
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15...8
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brain response patterns recorded on an electroencephalograph
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evoked potentials
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cases of DID unintentionally produced by practitioners
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iatrogenic
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psychodynamic theorists believe this ego defense mechanism causes DID
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repression
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The link between state and recall
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state dependent learning
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people hypnotize themselves to forget unpleasant events
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self-hypnosis
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common treatment for dissociative amnesia and fugue
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hypnotic therapy or hypnotherapy
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barbituates when treating dissociative amnesia and fugue
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"truth serums"
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final merging of 2 or more subpersonalities
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fusion
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