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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An electron stream that jerkily travels from a cloud during a thunderstorm is a __?__. |
stepped leader |
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What forms the brilliant flash of a lightning bolt? |
return sroke |
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Drops of liquid water that have a diameter of less than 0.5 millimeter and fall from clouds to Earth are __?__. |
drizzle |
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Atmospheric pressure at sea level is __?__ pounds per square inch. |
14.7 |
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Which of the following measures high-altitude weather conditions? |
weather balloon |
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Which type of front forms when two air masses push against each other but neither one advances? |
stationary front |
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The change in the direction of winds caused by Earth's rotation is the __?__ effect. |
Coriolis |
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Which type of clouds are thunderstorm clouds? |
cumulonimbus |
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Which of these does NOT affect insolation? |
greenhouse effect |
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A tropical cyclone with wind speeds of 74 miles per hour or more is a __?__. |
hurricane |
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A wind that reverses its direction from season to season is a __?__. |
monsoon |
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The thunderstorm stage marked by the arrival of precipitation is the __?__ stage. |
mature |
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What is a large, rotating updraft in a supercell thunderstorm? |
mesocyclone |
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When the relative humidity is 100%, the air is __?__. |
saturated |
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The water that falls to the earth, including rain, sleet, hail, and snow, is __?__. |
precipitation |
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What phenomenon occurs when an area receives an abnormally low amount of atmospheric water over a long period? |
drought |
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Which air mass brings hot, dry weather? |
continental tropical |
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What is water vapor in the air that touches the cooler ground and turns to a liquid? |
dew |
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Which of the following is not one of the major factors that determine the earth's weather? |
amount of precipitation |
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A tropical cyclone with wind speeds between 39 miles per hour and 74 miles per hour is a(n) __?__. |
tropical storm |
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A fierce, single-updraft thunderstorm is a(n) __?__. |
supercell |
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A narrow funnel of powerful, rapidly whirling wind that stretches from a cloud to the ground is a(n) __?__. |
tornado |
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The farthest distance at which objects can be distinguished is the __?__. |
visibility |
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The elevated water level caused by a hurricane's winds is the __?__. |
storm surge |
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The most intense type of downburst is a(n) __?__. |
microburst |
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The shock wave produced as lightning heats the air is __?__. |
thunder |
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What is considered the outermost layer of the atmosphere? |
exosphere |
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The boundary between two air masses is a(n) __?__. |
front |
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What is the most abundant gas in the homosphere? |
nitrogen |
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Heat transfer by electromagnetic waves is __?__. |
radiation |
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Which type of cloud is characteristically almond shaped? |
lenticular |
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Which type of ultraviolet radiation is the least harmful? |
UVA |
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Surface winds that blow from high-pressure regions toward the equator are __?__. |
trade winds |
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The convection cell that exists between the equator and latitude 30 degrees is the __?__ cell. |
Hadley |
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A thick, brownish haze that results from complex molecules released into the air by vehicles and some factories and plants is __?__. |
photochemical smog |
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The boundary formed when a cold air mass moves into the territory of a warm air mass is a(n) __?__. |
cold front |
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What is the coolest point in the atmosphere? |
mesopause |
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What is the movement of water from the earth's surface, into the air, and back to the surface? |
water cycle |
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In clouds with temperatures above the freezing point, rain forms by the __?__. |
collision-coalescence process |
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The extremely powerful radiation that comes from deep space is called __?__. |
cosmic rays |
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Air flowing down a mountain's slope due to differences in temperature and pressure is a(n) __?__ wind. |
katabatic |
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A circulating spiral of wind around a low-pressure system is a(n) __?__. |
cyclone |
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Tornadoes are classified using the Enhanced __?__ scale. |
Fujita |
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Hurricanes are ranked on the __?__ Hurricane Wind scale. |
Saffir-Simpson |
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The rapidly swirling cloud that is the most distinctive visual feature of a tornado is a __?__. |
condensation funnel |
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A single updraft system in a thunderstorm is a __?__. |
cell |
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Air that is warm near the ground but very cold at higher altitudes is __?__/ |
unstable |
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"Lines of equal heat" are known as __?__. |
isotherms |
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Maps that give a summary of the weather conditions throughout the entire country at a single point in time are __?__. |
surface weather charts |
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A tornado that forms over water is called a __?__. |
waterspout |
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The center of a hurricane is the __?__. |
eye |
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A weather instrument that simultaneously measures and transmits meteorological data from weather balloons to weather station is a __?__. |
radiosnde |
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measures relative humidity |
hygrometer |
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measures air temperature |
thermometer |
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measures atmospheric pressure |
barometer |
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uses radio waves detect objects and measure their distance |
radar |
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measures wind speed |
anemometer |
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measures the amount of precipitation |
rain gauge |
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indicates the direction of wind |
weather vane |
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measures the distance from the ground to the base of clouds |
ceilometer |
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a rotating column of air that starts on the ground and is not associated with a cloud |
dust devil |
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lines of equal pressure on a weather map |
isobars |
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a long line of advancing thunderstorms, usually moving ahead of a cold front |
squall line |
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a concentrated downward blast of wind |
downburst |
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a localized storm involving lightning, thunder, strong winds, and heavy train |
thunderstorm |
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the long, narrow lines of thunderstorms in a hurricane |
rain bands |
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state of the atmosphere at a certain time and place |
weather |
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an abrupt discharge of electricity through the air |
lightning |
