Abeka Grade 10 Biology Test 2

Front 1

Back 1

1. - stigma

2. - style

3. - ovary

4. - receptacle

5. - petal

6. - pedicel

Front 2

What type of branching does the pictured tree exhibit?

Back 2

spreading branching

Front 3

A typical grass flower consists of stamens, pistils, and tiny sepals. It lacks petals but it is protected by special bracts. What category is such a flower?

Back 3

incomplete flower

Front 4

The spice ginger comes from an underground stem of the ginger plant; new plants form as these thick stems grow horizonally. What type of special stem does the ginger plant have?

Back 4

rhizome

Front 5

What best explains why salt content in soil can kill plants?

Back 5

Salt pulls water out of the roots through osmosis.

Front 6

An apple farmer expanding his orchard cuts a dormant branch with several buds on it from a mature apple tree, cutting the branch at an angle. He then cuts off the top of an immature apple tree with good roots, leaving the trunk cut at an angle. Finally, he attatches the cut branch to the immature trunk and secures it tightly. What technique is he using?

Back 6

grafting

Front 7

What best explains what a strawberry is considered an aggregate fruit?

Back 7

A strawberry grows from a single flower with several pistils.

Front 8

What best explains why stolons are considered special stems instead of roots?

Back 8

Stolons have nodes that can produce new roots.

Front 9

What statement best explains, when there is a fully developed fruit on a plant?

Back 9

An ovary has ripened.

Front 10

What best explains why plant fertilization is called double fertilization?

Back 10

Two sperm cells are required for a seed to form.

Front 11

What best explains why the vascular cambium of a woody stem is located between the bark and the wood?

Back 11

Vascular cambium produces xylem and phloem, which are in the wood and bark.

Front 12

What best describes a woody dicot stem?

Back 12

The xylem is located toward the center of the stem.

Front 13

Roots that penetrate the soil deeply with relatively little branching are ____.

Back 13

taproots

Front 14

Wood is another name for ____ tissue?

Back 14

xylem

Front 15

The section of a twig between nodes is a ____.

Back 15

internode

Front 16

The altering patterns formed in a woody stem by disinct layers of springwood and summerwood are called ____.

Back 16

growth rings

Front 17

Special roots that grow from unusual regions of a plant are called ____ roots.

Back 17

adventitious

Front 18

In some cases, plant seedlings that recieve light from only one direction will bend toward the light; this demonstrates the tropism called ____.

Back 18

phototropism

Front 19

Reproductive cells, such as egg cells and sperm cells, are called ____.

Back 19

gametes

Front 20

The part of a seed's embryo that will develop into the root system of the new plant is the ____.

Back 20

radicle

Front 21

The dispersal of dandelion seeds by the wind is an example of ____ dispersal.

Back 21

agent

Front 22

Certain types of grass plants have flowers that develop underground and never open. Because they cannot be pollinated by other flowers, these flowers must be pollinated through the process of ____.

Back 22

self-pollination

Front 23

Within a root, food is stored in the _____.

Back 23

cortex

Front 24

A developing plant embryo is surrounded and nourished by tissue called ____.

Back 24

endosperm

Front 25

The older, inner wood of a stem that serves only as support for the stem is ____.

Back 25

heartwood

Front 26

The tiny, tubelike projections that extend from the epidermal cells of a root to asborb water and minerals are ____.

Back 26

root hairs

Front 27

The structures of a plant embryo that contain stored food to supply the energy needed for sprouting are the ____.

Back 27

cotyledons

Front 28

After pollination takes place, the first step in fertilization is the formation of a ____.

Back 28

pollen tube

Front 29

The type of repoduction in which sperm and egg cells unite is ____ reproduction.

Back 29

sexual

Front 30

consists of an outer fleshy layer and an inner papery core

Back 30

pome

Front 31

entire fruit is fleshy and juicy throughout

Back 31

berry

Front 32

produced by plants of the grass family

Back 32

grain

Front 33

consists of a pod enclosing several seeds

Back 33

legume

Front 34

consists of a seed enclosed in a hard, relatively thick shell; examples include acorns

Back 34

nut

Front 35

What are the small openings in a stem's bark that allow air to enter the stem?

Back 35

lenticels

Front 36

What part of a flower covers and protects the rest of the flower during development?

Back 36

sepal

Front 37

What cuts a fruit from the stem?

Back 37

abscission layer

Front 38

What is NOT a plant hormone?

Back 38

chemotropin

Front 39

A young woody stem stores water in soft, thin-walled cells at its center. What is this storage region called?

Back 39

pith

Front 40

What is the chief factor determining when a plant flowers?

Back 40

length of day and night

Front 41

What is one example that is NOT one of the factors that drives the sap stream?

Back 41

secondary growth

Front 42

What is the primary purpose of flowers?

Back 42

seed production

Front 43

What is the process of a new plant growing from a root, stem, or leaf of an existing plant?

Back 43

vegetative reproduction

Front 44

What is the tough outer covering of a herbaceous monocot stem?

Back 44

rind

Front 45

What part of a flower produces pollen?

Back 45

anther

Front 46

What is the first step in the process of germination?

Back 46

The seed begins to absorb water.

Front 47

ESSAY: Contrast primary growth in the stems and roots of a woody plant. Include an explaination of how stem and root growth structures and methods of growth are well matched to the locations of stems and roots.

Back 47

Primary growth takes place at the tip of both stems and roots. Primary growth in stems occur through buds. Primary growth in roots don't involve buds and takes place at the meristematic region and region of elongation. Stems don't have to push against the resistance of soil, because they grow into the air. Buds can be exposed to the air during the growing season. Buds are exposed to weather, and are covered by protective bud scales during dormant periods, like winter, when the tree is not growing. Root tips push against the resistance of soil to grow and has to be protected by a tough, cone-shaped root cap. The root cap secretes a substance that makes it easier for the root to push through the soil.