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80 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)

How many carbon atoms does the hydrocarbon 2-butene contain?


-2


-4


-6


-8


4

Which law relates the volume, pressure, temperature, and number of moles of a gas?


-Avogadro's law


-Combined gas law


-Gay-Lussac's law


-Ideal gas law



Ideal gas law

In a reversible chemical reaction represented A+B<-->AB, how would adding more of substance A to system affect the equilibrium?


-shift left


-shift right


-no effect


Shift
right


C. Amine




B. Aldehyde

D. Alcohol


C.

C. Pentane

What is the semiconductor most commonly used to make computer chips?

silicon

What is the most abundant element in the universe?
hydrogen

What element is ozone a form of?

Oxygen

What is the pH of 1x 10(⁻³) M solution of HCl?

3

What is the oxidation number of carbon in the iron ore siderite (FeCO₃)?

+4

What type of substance consists of two or more elements chemically combined?

Compound

What group of lipids includes cholesterol, bile salts, and vitamin D?
steroids

rubbery polymers made from silicon-oxygen chains rather than carbon chains?

Silicones

Biological polymers composed of long chains of sugars?


Polysaccharides

protein catalysts found in living things?

Enzymes

substituted hydrocarbons containing one or more hydroxyl groups (-OH)?

alcohols

ionic compounds composed of any cation except H+ and any anion except OH-?

Salts

compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms?

Isomers

sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids?

Soaps

hydrocarbons consisting of rings containing delocalized electrons?

Aromatic hydrocarbons

hydrocarbons characterized by one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms?

Alkynes

alkanes and other organic compounds consisting of only hydrogen and carbon?

Hydrocarbons

The outermost electrons in an atom, which are involved in chemical bonding, are called the atom's ________ electrons.

valence

The complex mixture of liquid hydrocarbons found in the earth's crust is called ________?

Petroleum

The reactions of alkanes and other hydrocarbons with oxygen to produce CO₂, H₂O, and heat is called ________?

Combustion

The study of chemical compounds containing carbon is called _______?

Organic chemistry

An atom that gains electrons in a chemical reaction is said to undergo _________?

Reduction

The minimum kinetic energy that a molecule must possess to undergo a chemical reaction is called the _______ energy.

Activation

A distance of 3.2 km is equal to ______m.

Move decimal 3x to the right


3,200 meters

If the forward and reverse reactions of a reversible chemical reaction are proceeding at the same rate, then the system is said to be in a state of chemical ____________.

Equilibrium

Plastic and other materials made from many small molecules that have been linked together to form much larger molecules are called _____________?

Polymers

The reaction HNO₃ aq + NaOH(aq)----> H₂O(L) + NaNO₃ (aq) is a _____________ reaction?


Double-displacement

An atom of a particular element is distinguished from atom of other elements by the number of ________ in the nucleus.

Protons

protein molecules consist of long chains of smaller molecules called _______?

Amino acids

Nuclear radiation that consists of high-speed electrons is called _______ radiation.

Beta

Elements with the largest atoms are located in the ________ region of the periodic table.

Lower left

The elements helium, argon, and xenon belong to the group of elements known as the __________?

Noble gases

What is the functional group of aldehydes?

A

Nylon a common name for a group of polymers called __________?


Polyamides

Citric acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid are examples of _____________?


Carboxylic

acids

An important 6-carbon sugar found in both animals and plants is ________?

Glucose

More compounds are formed from ________ than from all other elements combined.

Carbon

DNA and RNA are polymers of ________?

Nucleotides

The strong intermolecular force responsible for the unexpectedly high boiling points of water, ammonia, and hydrogen fluoride is the _________.

Hydrogen bond

As a rule of thumb, the rate of a given chemical reaction doubles when the temperature is increased by __________?


10 degrees
Celsius

A chemical bond characterized by the sharing of one or more electron pairs between two atoms in a molecule is called a __________?


Covalent
bond

A substance that dissociates or ionizes in water to produce ions that can conduct an electric current is called an ELECTRODE.

Electrolyte

Chemical reactions and physical changes that release heat to their surroundings are ENDOTHERMIC processes.


Exothermic

The process of oxidation in an electrochemical cell always occurs at the ANODE.

True

Electrons that circulate freely throughout a molecule instead of being bound to a single atom or pair of atoms are said to be DELOCALIZED.

True

Kinetic energy is energy associated with an object's MOTION.

True

A list of metals arranged by their relative ease of oxidation is an OXIDATION series.

Activity

The study of the chemistry of living things is called BIOCHEMISTRY.

True

A substance that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water is an ACID.

Base

The shorter the half-life of a radioactive substance, the GREATER its activity.

true

compounds that contain the functional group --N-- and can be thought of as derived from ammonia are called ________?




Amines

The second law of thermodynamics states that ______?


Entropy in the universe is always
increasing

The elements lithium, sodium, potassium, and cesium belong to the group of elements know as the _______ metals.

Alkali

The amount of fissionable material at a given density required to sustain a chain reaction is known as the __________?

Critical mass

The precious metal, more expensive than gold, that is commonly used in industrial and automotive catalysts is _________?


Platinum

The uncertainty principle states that.......?



A. The position and momentum of an electron may be precisely described using four quantum numbers


B. When a p,d,or f sublevel is being filled, each orbital is filled singly before pairing begins


C. No two electrons in an atom can have identical quantum numbers


D. The position and momentum of small particles such as electrons cannot be precisely measured simultaneously

D. The position and momentum of small particles such as electrons cannot be precisely measured simultaneously.

A triglyceride is a(n) ___________ molecule.

Fat

Hydrocarbons containing one or more double bonds usually have names ending in _________.


-ene

A mixture containing tiny clumps or particles that remain suspended and do not settle out over time is a ___________.

Colloid

Sulfur is extracted from petroleum and natural gas using the _______process.

Claus

If a strip of blue litmus paper turns red when dipped into a solution, the pH must be ______?

Less than 7

A nuclear reaction in which a single large nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei is __________?

Nuclear fission

The concentration of a solution in terms of moles of solute per liter of solution is known as ________?


Molarity

When a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol, a(n) ________ is formed.

B. Ester

Individual "packets" or quanta of light are called _________?

photons

write the formula for phosphorus trichloride.

PCl₃

write the name of MgSO₄.


Magnesium
sulfate

Write the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction H₂SO₄(aq)+ CaF₂(s) <-------->2 HF(g)+ CaSO₄(s).


[H₂SO₄] [CaF₂] under [HF]² [CaSO₄]

Calculate the molar mass of carbon tetraflouride (CF₄) in grams per mole, rounding to proper significant figures, if M(c)= 12.01 u and m(f)= 19.00u.

88.01 grams per mol

Page 54

Balance the following equation: Fe₃O₄(s)+H₂----> Fe(s)+ H₂O (liquid)

Fe₃O₄(s) + 4H₂ --> 3Fe(s) + 4H₂O(l)

Methane, the chief component of natural gas, burns in oxygen according to the equation CH₄(g) + 2O₂(g)------->CO₂(g) +2 H₂O(g)


If 7.0 mol of CH₄ react with an unlimited amount of oxygen, what amount (in moles) of H₂O (g) will be produced?

14 moles of H₂O

What volume of air at 25 degrees C and 1.00 atm can be stored in a 10.0 L high-pressure air tank if compressed to 25 degrees C and 175 atm.


Use combined gas law or Boyles law because the temperature is
constant
.


Either will
work