Abeka 10Th Grade Biology Test 6 (Semester Exam)

Front 1

fingerlike projections within the small intestine

Back 1

villi

Front 2

Heart muscle receives blood through what arteries?

Back 2

coronary

Front 3

membrane that prevents friction between the rib cage and lungs

Back 3

pleura

Front 4

process in which bacteria reproduces by dividing

Back 4

binary fission

Front 5

What tumor shows no tendency to spread through the body?

Back 5

benign

Front 6

long bone of the upper arm

Back 6

humerus

Front 7

type of vascular tissue that carries sugar from a plant's leaves to the roots and stem

Back 7

phloem

Front 8

body system that transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and carries away waste products

Back 8

circulatory system

Front 9

body system consisting of various glands that produce hormones

Back 9

endocrine system

Front 10

two broad divisions of the skeletal system

Back 10

axial and appendicular skeletons

Front 11

hormone produced by the thyroid gland to regulate body metabolism

Back 11

thyroxine

Front 12

ingested food is stored and mixed with gastric juice here

Back 12

stomach

Front 13

starch and dietary fiber are made from long chains of smaller molecules called:

Back 13

monosaccharides

Front 14

club fungi produces spores in club-shaped:

Back 14

basidia

Front 15

The stigma, style, and ovary make up what part of a flower?

Back 15

pistil

Front 16

main pigment responsible for skin color

Back 16

melanin

Front 17

What states that every infectious disease is caused by a specific germ?

Back 17

germ concept

Front 18

oil that waterproofs the skin and keeps it soft and flexible

Back 18

sebum

Front 19

Main reproductive organs are the gonads, which are the testes in men and what in women?

Back 19

ovaries

Front 20

substance that stimulates the body to develop immunity to a pathogen as it would if infected with that pathogen

Back 20

vaccine

Front 21

tiny air sacs in the lungs that allow gases to be exchanged between the air and the blood

Back 21

alveoli

Front 22

light-driven process to manufacture glucose from water and carbon dioxide, used by green plants

Back 22

photosynthesis

Front 23

time between a person becoming infected and displaying symptoms of disease

Back 23

incubation

Front 24

What does the central nervous system consist of?

Back 24

brain and spinal cord

Front 25

bulged end of a long bone such as the femur

Back 25

epiphysis

Front 26

structures of the skin that help regulate body temperature

Back 26

sweat glands

Front 27

portion of a root that absorbs water and minerals from the soil

Back 27

root hairs

Front 28

In what type of joint does the rounded head of a bone fit into an indentation of another bone?

Back 28

ball-and-socket

Front 29

nonflowering plants that reproduce by seeds not covered by the walls of an ovary

Back 29

gymnosperms

Front 30

Hormones insulin and glucagon regulate the level of what in the blood?

Back 30

glucose

Front 31

light-sensitive layer of the eye that converts light rays into nerve impulses and transmits them to the brain

Back 31

retina

Front 32

portion of a plant embryo that stores food for germination

Back 32

cotyledon

Front 33

liquid portion of the blood

Back 33

plasma

Front 34

lymph node groups located in the ileum of the small intestine

Back 34

Peyer's patches

Front 35

Antibodies and the white blood cells that produce them are the body's ____ defenses.

Back 35

specific

Front 36

working units of the kidneys that do the work of filtering wastes from the blood

Back 36

nephrons

Front 37

microscopic blood vessels that connect arteries and veins and supply body tissues with blood

Back 37

capillaries

Front 38

part of the brain primarily responsible for thought, memory, and consciousness

Back 38

cerebrum

Front 39

occurs during development in the mother's womb and is present at birth

Back 39

congenital disease

Front 40

occurs when the immune system attacks the body

Back 40

autoimmune disease

Front 41

can be spread from person to person

Back 41

communicable disease

Front 42

recurrent or long lasting

Back 42

chronic disease

Front 43

caused by a lack of an essential nutrient

Back 43

deficiency disease

Front 44

individual contracting units of a skeletal muscle cells

Back 44

sarcomeres

Front 45

What disease does HIV cause?

Back 45

AIDS

Front 46

largest and strongest muscle in the body

Back 46

gluteus maximus

Front 47

organ that filters blood from the digestive system and manufactures many chemical substances

Back 47

liver

Front 48

Artificial kidneys work by using a membrane to separate molecules of different sizes. what is this process of separation called?

Back 48

dialysis

Front 49

simple dry fruit that consists of a pod that splits open upon ripening

Back 49

legume

Front 50

strong bands of connective tissue that connect bones to each other

Back 50

ligaments

Front 51

What is the purpose of ATP in the body?

Back 51

storing energy

Front 52

blood vessels that carry blood from the ventricles of the heart to the lungs

Back 52

pulmonary arteries

Front 53

Through what process does water enter a root?

Back 53

osmosis

Front 54

What sac of blood vessels connects a mother and child?

Back 54

placenta

Front 55

contracting and pumping phase of the cardiac cycle

Back 55

systole

Front 56

part of the ear that translates sound vibrations into nerve impulses

Back 56

cochlea

Front 57

long extension of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body to other neurons

Back 57

axon

Front 58

Some white blood cells produce _____, a chemical messenger that causes inflammation.

Back 58

histamine

Front 59

catalysts produced by living cells are

Back 59

enzymes

Front 60

a plant with parallel veins, flower petals in multiples of three, and a fibrous root system is most likely a

Back 60

monocot

Front 61

a set of guidelines that can be used to determine if a particular bacterium is the cause of a specific disease are ____ postulates .

Back 61

Koch's

Front 62

A _____ is an animal that transmits an infectious disease.

Back 62

vector

Front 63

a fertilized egg cell repeatedly divides to form a hollow ball of cells called a

Back 63

blastocyst

Front 64

the iron-containing protein that allows blood cells to transport oxygen is

Back 64

hemoglobin

Front 65

the primary reproductive hormone in men is

Back 65

testosterone

Front 66

The antibodies a newborn receives from his mother provide a form of ____ immunity.

Back 66

acquired

Front 67

Sympathetic nervous system signals the body to prepare for stress and emergency situations. which would the sympathetic nervous system be most likely to stimulate?

Back 67

adrenal glands

Front 68

What hormone could potentially be used to treat disorders in which a person has difficulty falling asleep?

Back 68

melatonin

Front 69

Why is the amount of fluid filtered by the glomerulus much greater than the amount of urine produced?

Back 69

reabsorption returns water to the blood

Front 70

Botulism is an extremely rare and often-lethal type of food poisoning. the toxin that causes botulism is produced by the anaerobic bacterium "Clostridium botulinum." what types of food packaging would this bacterium be most likely to grow in, if it is present?

Back 70

airtight plastic bag sealed in a vacuum

Front 71

What BEST explains why some shallow cuts of the skin bleed little, if at all?

Back 71

the epidermis contains no blood vessels

Front 72

What BEST explains why viruses are often not considered living things

Back 72

viruses do not carry on life processes

Front 73

What BEST explains why the lymphatic system does not include a pimp?

Back 73

the lymphatic system does not transport oxygen

Front 74

Tf a person's body produces too much renin, what effects would be MOST likely to occur?

Back 74

high blood pressure

Front 75

In the Linnaean system of classification, what level comes between the phylum and the order?

Back 75

class