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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"_____________ emergencies involve injuries resulting from physical forces applied to the body. _____________ emergencies involve illnesses or conditions caused by disease." |
-Trauma -Medical Ch. 12, pg. 453 |
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OPQRST mnemonic |
-Onset -Provocation and Pallation -Quality -Region/radiation -Severity -Timing Ch. 12, pg. 456 |
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TACOS mnemonic |
-Tobacco -Alcohol -Caffeine -OTC medications/herbal supplements -Sexual and street drugs Ch. 12, pg. 457 |
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Bacteria description |
Grow and reproduce outside the human cell in the appropriate temperature and with the appropriate nutrients Ch. 12, pg. 461 |
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Virus description |
Smaller than bacteria; multiply only inside a host and die when exposed to the environment. Ch. 12, pg. 461 |
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Fungi description |
Similar to bacteria in that they require the appropriate nutrients and organic material to grow Ch. 12, pg. 461 |
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Protozoa (parasites) description |
One-celled microscopic organisms, some of which cause disease Ch. 12, pg. 461 |
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Helminths (parasites) description |
Invertebrates with long, flexible, rounded, or flattened bodies. Ch. 12, pg. 461 |
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Hepatitis A route of infection |
Fecal-oral, infected food or drink Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis A incubation period |
2-6 week Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis A chronic infection |
Chronic condition does not exist Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis A vaccine and treatment |
Vaccine is available; no treatment is available Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis A comments |
Mild illness, approximately 2% of patients die. After acute infection, patient has life-long immunity Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis B route of infection |
Blood, sexual contact, saliva, urine, breast milk Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis B incubation period |
4-12 weeks Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis B chronic infection |
Chronic infection affects up to 10% to patients and up to 90% of newborns who have the disease Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis B vaccine and treatment |
Vaccine is available; treatment is minimally effective Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis B comments |
Up to 30% of patients may become chronic carriers. Patients are asymptomatic and without signs of liver disease, but they may infect others. Approximately 1% to 2% of patients die. Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis C route of infection |
Blood, sexual contact Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis C incubation period |
2-10 weeks Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis C chronic infection |
Chronic infection affects 90% of patients Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis C vaccine and treatment |
No vaccine is available; treatment is minimally effective Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis C comments |
Cirrhosis of the liver develops in 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Chronic infection increases the risk of cancer of the liver. Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis D route of infection |
Blood, sexual contact Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis D incubation period |
4-12 week Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis D chronic infection |
Chronic infection is common Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis D vaccine and treatment |
No vaccine is available; no treatment is available Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Hepatitis D comments |
Occurs only in patients with active hepatitis B infection. Fulminant disease may develop in 20% of patients. Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Toxin-induced (drugs, alcohol, medication) Hepatitis route of infection |
Inhalation, skin or mucous membrane exposure, oral ingestion, or intravenous administration Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Toxin-induced (drugs, alcohol, medication) Hepatitis incubation period |
Within hours to days following exposure Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Toxin-induced (drugs, alcohol, medication) Hepatitis chronic infection |
Some chemicals may initiate an inflammatory response that continues that continues to cause liver damage long after the chemical is out of the body Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Toxin-induced (drugs, alcohol, medication) Hepatitis vaccine and treatment |
No vaccine is available; treatment is to stop exposure. In patients with an overdose of acetaminophen, certain drugs may minimize liver injury if given early enough. Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Toxin-induced (drugs, alcohol, medication) Hepatitis comments |
This type of hepatitis is not contagious. Patients with toxin-induced hepatitis may have liver damage, such as jaundice. Not every exposure to a toxin will cause liver damage. Ch. 12, pg. 464 |
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Definition: herpes simplex |
Virus caused by human herpesviruses 1 and 2, characterized by small blisters whose location depends on the type of virus. Type 2 results in blisters on the genital area, while type 1 results in blisters in nongenital areas. Ch. 12, pg. 472 |
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Definition: index of suspicion |
Awareness that unseen life-threatening injuries or illness may exist Ch. 12, pg. 472 |
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Definition: medical emergencies |
Life threats that require EMS attention because of illnesses or conditions not caused by an outside force Ch. 12, pg. 472 |
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Definition: meningitis |
An inflammation of the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord; it is usually caused by a virus or a bacterium Ch. 12, pg. 472 |
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Definition: nature of illness (NOI) |
The general type of illness a patient is experiencing Ch. 12, pg. 472 |
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Definition: SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) |
Potentially life-threatening viral infection that usually starts with flulike symptoms Ch. 12, pg. 472 |
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Definition: trauma emergencies |
Injuries that are the result of physical forces applied to the body Ch. 12, pg. 472 |
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Definition: tuberculosis |
A chronic bacterial disease, caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, that usually affects the lungs but can also affect other organs such as the brain and kidneys. Ch. 12, pg. 472 |
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Definition: virulence |
The strength or ability of a pathogen to produce disease. Ch. 12, pg. 472 |
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AIA-3: The visual impression of the patient from the doorway is known as: A. scene size-up B. SAMPLE history C. AVPU D. general impression |
D. general impression Ch. 12, pg. 473 |
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AIA-4: What mnemonic is used to gather a patient's information? A. AVPU B. SAMPLE C. OPQRST D. DUMBELS |
B. SAMPLE Ch. 12, pg. 473 |
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AIA-5: What does OPQRST stand for? |
Onset, Provokation/Palliation, Quality, Region/Radiation, Severity, Time Ch. 12, pg. 473 |
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AIA-7: List the six infectious diseases of concern for EMS personnel |
HIV, hepatitis, meningitis, tuberculosis, SARS, and H1N1 Ch. 12, pg. 473 |
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AIA-9: Which of the following best describes a communicable disease? A. The growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body B. A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another C. A disease that is capable of being transmitted from one person to another D. Presence of infectious organisms in or on objects. |
B. A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another Ch. 12, pg. 473 |
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AIA-10: Your transport decision should be based on the: A. secondary assessment B. past medical history C. physical examination D. primary assessment |
D. primary assessment Ch. 12, pg. 473 |
