Aaos Ch. 6,9 & 10 Quiz

Front 1

When communicating with a patient whose cultural background differs from the paramedics, it is MOST important for the paramedic to?

Back 1

treat the patient with utmost respect at all times

Front 2

An endogenous ligand is?

Back 2

a molecule that is produced by the body and binds to a receptor

Front 3

At 2 months of age, an infant should be able to?

Back 3

track objects with his or her eyes

Front 4

* If a patient sees you as someone with whom it is safe to be, who does not pose a threat, and who honestly cares, then he or she will most likely?

Back 4

be reassured that you will handle the crisis

Front 5

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by?

Back 5

enlargement or thickening of the heart muscle

Front 6

Muscle cramps and paresthesias in a malnourished patient with alcoholism are most likely the result of?

Back 6

hypocalcemia

Front 7

Regardless of what a patient asks, the paramedic should?

Back 7

immediately acknowledge what the patient asked

Front 8

Which of the following statements regarding growth spurts in adolescents is most correct?

Back 8

boys generally experience this stage of growth later in life than girls do

Front 9

* Touching a conscious elderly patient in a nursing home without his or her permission?

Back 9

is nonverbally communicating, "You are not important enough or mentally competent enough to be asked for permission."

Front 10

Which of the following statements regarding renal function in older adults is most correct?

Back 10

aging kidneys respond less efficiently to hemodynamic stress

Front 11

In contrast to infants, toddlers?

Back 11

have a slower respiratory rate

Front 12

* Conveying calm, unmistakable, genuine concern for someone you've never met before is the most essential challenge as a/an?

Back 12

therapeutic communicator

Front 13

Eye-to-eye contact with a patient communicates?

Back 13

honesty and concern

Front 14

* When cells are hypoxic for more than a few seconds?

Back 14

they produce substances that may damage other local or distant body systems

Front 15

When touching a patient as a form of reassurance, the paramedic should?

Back 15

touch the patient on a neutral part of his or her body

Front 16

Teething is commonly accompanied by?

Back 16

fever

Front 17

If a patient is unable to tell you who he or she is, where he or she is, and what day of the week it is?

Back 17

you should suspect decreased blood flow to the brain

Front 18

Infants are referred to as belly breathers because?

Back 18

they rely mostly on their diaphragm to breathe

Front 19

Relative to younger adults, older adults generally have a harder time breathing because the?

Back 19

natural elasticity of the lungs decreases

Front 20

* A paramedic who looks the part of professional?

Back 20

inspires confidence in his or her patients

Front 21

The most effective way to reinforce your interest in and concern for your patient is to?

Back 21

use a calm and steady tone of reassurance

Front 22

* The ___ reflex happens when an infant is startled and opens his or her arms wide?

Back 22

moro

Front 23

If nonencapsulated bacteria enter the body?

Back 23

macrophages begin to destroy them immediately

Front 24

Controlling a patient's fear involves?

Back 24

using your own sense of competence and professional calm

Front 25

Professional skepticism is?

Back 25

a useful tool and facilitates sound clinical decision making

Front 26

Barotrauma secondary to bag-mask ventilations in an infant means that your ventilations?

Back 26

were too forceful

Front 27

* Hyperkalemia is most accurately defined as?

Back 27

an elevated SERUM potassium level

Front 28

Which of the following psychosocial changes is common during adolescence?

Back 28

fixation on public image and fear of embarrassment

Front 29

Which of the following is not an example of an open-ended question?

Back 29

"Does the pain radiate to your arm or jaw?"

Front 30

You will distance yourself from your patient as a person if you?

Back 30

use complicated medical terminology

Front 31

Many ___ believe that touching the head may put their soul in jeopardy.

Back 31

Asians

Front 32

* Which of the following questions would MOST like reveal a hidden medical condition when communicating with a patient who has a severe headache?

Back 32

"What happened the last time you felt this way?"

Front 33

Upper respiratory tract infections are more common in toddlers than in infants because?

Back 33

of a loss of passive immunity

Front 34

* The induction phase of the immune response begins when?

Back 34

part of the immune system recognizes an antigen

Front 35

A patient's vital signs, ECG findings, and blood glucose reading should be?

Back 35

disclosed to the patient if he or she inquires about them

Front 36

You would MOST likely see an increased end-tidal CO2 reading in an otherwise healthy older adult because?

Back 36

residual volume increases with age, resulting in stagnant air remaining in the alveoli and hampering gas exchange

Front 37

For the first year of life, an infant has naturally acquired passive immunities because?

Back 37

he or she maintains some of the mother's immunities

Front 38

* An injection of immunoglobulin is an example of?

Back 38

passive acquired immunity

Front 39

Older adults are prone to subdural hematomas because?

Back 39

age-related shrinkage of the brain stretches the bridging veins that return blood from the brain to the dura mater

Front 40

Just after birth, the ductus arteriosus constricts and closes, resulting in?

Back 40

circulation through the pulmonary system

Front 41

Which of the following disease processes is more common in women?

Back 41

osteoporosis

Front 42

* By properly introducing yourself to a patient, you are also saying that?

Back 42

you are in charge of the patient's health care, regardless of the indignities of treatment, and that the patient can communicate with you as an equal

Front 43

Patients between 41 and 60 years of age are LEAST susceptible to?

Back 43

active immunosuppression

Front 44

The pulse rate of a 16-year-old adolescent typically ranges between?

Back 44

60 and 100 beats/min

Front 45

* In decompensated shock, systolic blood pressure is?

Back 45

less than the fifth percentile for the age

Front 46

It would be MOST appropriate to ask a patient a closed-ended question when?

Back 46

you are trying to obtain medical history information

Front 47

* The body's rejection of an organ following transplantation is MOST likely the result of?

Back 47

isoimmunity

Front 48

Which of the following is an example of homeostatic failure?

Back 48

salt and water retention and a blood pressure of 170/98 mmHg

Front 49

If a patient refuses to talk, and he or she is not exhibiting signs of decreased mental status, it is MOST appropriate for the paramedic to?

Back 49

advise the patient that his or her silence will only hamper your ability to determine what is wrong

Front 50

* If a parent insists on monitoring your conversation with his or her adolescent son or daughter, you should?

Back 50

communicate the situation to the emergency department physician and document it accurately

Front 51

An infant's fontanelles are typically fused together by the age of?

Back 51

18 months

Front 52

Major risk factors for lung cancer include?

Back 52

cigarette smoking and exposure to asbestos

Front 53

* Endothelial cells that line the inside of blood vessels?

Back 53

regulate blood flow and coagulation

Front 54

The study of the functioning of an organism in the presence of disease is called?

Back 54

pathophysiology

Front 55

By definition, infancy begins at?

Back 55

1 month of age

Front 56

Enlargement of the heart due to chronically elevated blood pressure is called?

Back 56

hypertrophy

Front 57

It is important to remember that if a patient is not personally sensitive to modesty because of an impaired mental state:

Back 57

the patient's family likely will be

Front 58

Unlike bacteria, viruses?

Back 58

do not produce exotoxins or endotoxins

Front 59

Lactated Ringer's is a/an ___ solution because its solute concentration is equal to that of the inside of the cell.

Back 59

isotonic

Front 60

If you want reliable answers to personal questions, you should?

Back 60

manage the scene so you can ask such questions quietly and privately

Front 61

* Dehydration is generally a more serious concern in elderly patients than in younger adults because?

Back 61

total body water constitutes only 45% of body weight in older people

Front 62

A sick or injured patient who is thinking clearly?

Back 62

should be able to answer simple questions that make sense within 1 second

Front 63

In general, normal psychosocial factors that affect the life of the 35-year-old person include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Back 63

anxiety

Front 64

* As the smooth muscles of the lower airway weaken with age:

Back 64

beta-agonistic bronchodilators become an ineffective treatment for acute bronchospasm

Front 65

During the acute inflammatory response:

Back 65

transient arteriolar constriction is followed by anteriolar dilation, which allows an influx of blood under increased pressure

Front 66

Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus:

Back 66

need exogenous insulin to survive

Front 67

A patient who overdosed on heroin and is unconscious with slow, shallow respirations would MOST likely experience?

Back 67

decreased PaCO2 levels

Front 68

* The cardinal sign of overhydration is?

Back 68

edema

Front 69

Which of the following factors typically does NOT affect the vital signs for a 65-year-old patient?

Back 69

living conditions

Front 70

* All of the following factors would cause potassium to shift into the cell, EXCEPT:

Back 70

increased vagal tone

Front 71

If a patient avoids answering a specific question, you should?

Back 71

redirect him or her to the question to elicit a response

Front 72

When assessing an older adult's pupils and ocular movements, you should recall that?

Back 72

it is not uncommon for lens deterioration to cause the pupils to be sluggish to react

Front 73

* Common signs and symptoms of ulcerative colitis include all of the following, EXCEPT?

Back 73

bloating after milk ingestion

Front 74

When you ask a patient an uncomplicated question in plain English, and he or she responds with an unnecessarily complicated or inappropriate response, you should consider that the patient is?

Back 74

possibly lying due to the stress of the situation

Front 75

* At birth, a pulse rate of up to ___ beats/min and a respiratory rate of up to ___ breaths/min are considered normal.

Back 75

180, 60

Front 76

In most infants, the primary method of communicating distress is?

Back 76

crying

Front 77

The paramedic is in the BEST position to formulate an appropriate treatment plan for an ill patient if the paramedic?

Back 77

is able to identify the etiology of the patient's illness

Front 78

Which of the following physical changes occurs in adults over 25 years of age?

Back 78

settling of the discs in the spine

Front 79

In conventional reasoning, school-age children:

Back 79

seek approval from their peers and society

Front 80

* Most immunologic diseases that exhibit familial tendencies:

Back 80

involve an overactive immune system

Front 81

* When functioning at a noisy scene, communication will be MOST effective if you?

Back 81

move the patient to the ambulance as soon as you can

Front 82

Which of the following vital signs is NOT consistent with that of a child between 1 and 3 years of age?

Back 82

heart rate of 80 beats/min

Front 83

Edema in an upper extremity following a mastectomy is the result of:

Back 83

decreased lymphatic drainage

Front 84

The highest form of mental function in a human being is the?

Back 84

spontaneous expression of appropriate humor

Front 85

Which of the following statements regarding a patient's physical pain is MOST correct?

Back 85

a patient should never have to be a patient about any pain that the paramedic can alleviate

Front 86

Vascular compromise for changes in blood pressure decreases with age due to?

Back 86

reduced elasticity of the peripheral vessels secondary to decreases in elastin and collagen

Front 87

If the wife of a critically ill man asks you if her husband is going to die, the MOST appropriate response should be?

Back 87

"He is very sick, but we are doing everything we can to help him."

Front 88

The term mid-life crisis BEST describes a person who?

Back 88

makes a dramatic gesture in a bid to reclaim his or her youth

Front 89

* Which of the following statements regarding nervous system function in the older adult is MOST correct?

Back 89

cerebral metabolism and oxygen consumption remain constant throughout life

Front 90

Patients with congenital prolongation of the Q-T interval are at GREATEST risk for?

Back 90

ventricular arrhythmias

Front 91

Common health risks associated with obesity include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Back 91

hypotension

Front 92

Early signs or symptoms of breast cancer include?

Back 92

a small, painless lump in the breast

Front 93

As a result of the increase in systolic blood pressure associated with aging:

Back 93

the left ventricle works harder, becoming thicker, and loses its elasticity

Front 94

* Renin is a protein that is released into the bloodstream by the ___ in response to changes in the ___.

Back 94

kidneys, blood pressure

Front 95

* In what age range can most children begin to use and understand full sentences?

Back 95

3 to 4 years

Front 96

* What hand gesture is interpreted by many Arabic and some Latin countries as the equivalent of an extended middle finger?

Back 96

the thumbs-up sign

Front 97

If a patient asks you for advice regarding a treatment decision that his or her physician made, you should?

Back 97

advice the patient that he or she should speak with his or her physician

Front 98

Gross distortions of reality, withdrawal from social contacts, and bizarre behavior are MOST characteristic of?

Back 98

schizophrenia

Front 99

When you address a patient by saying, "Hi, my name is Stephen Rahm and I'm a paramedic. What's your name?", the patient:

Back 99

must go through a variety of very specific sequence of physical and mental responses that amounts to a mini-mental status examination

Front 100

* When communicating with older patients, it is MOST important to remember that:

Back 100

their illnesses may be more complex because they have more than one disease process and may be taking several medications concurrently