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33 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Sewing threads are designed to...
-pass rapidly through the machine
-form a stitch effectively
- function in a product without distorting/breaking through its lifespan
Thinnest thread possible is best to use because....
Thread sits 'lower' and so is less visible & less susceptible to abrasion. Also, smaller needle has less effect on the look & quality of the fabric.
Breaking strength of a seam should be...
LESS than the breaking strength of the fabric - easier to repair.
advantages of textured yarns...
higher stretch & bulk
provide greater cover & opacity
improved breath-ability & absorption than regular filament yarn.
better insulation
softer hand
characteristics of a spun yarn.
disadvantages of textured yarns...
Tendency to snag & pull due to long filament fibres
poor abrasion resistance
possible growth problem through lifespan of product (stretch/distortion & not revert to original shape)
Micro-fibre yarns are...
mono/multifilament yarns with very small diametre - smaller than silk.
can be blended with cotton or wool to provide softness & fluidity
good for lining fabrics
Yarns are defined as....
a continuous length of fibres/filaments with or without a twist.
types of yarns...
-single
-ply
-cable
-core-spun
-fancy
thickness & tightness of twist in a yarn affect a fabric's...
- weight
- flexibility
- handle
- texture
S twist is.....
Anti clockwise
z twist is....
clockwise
Highly twisted yarns are
stronger/harder/thinner

used for weaving as they can withstand the tension of a loom.
Lower twisted yarns are...
softer/bulkier

used for weft yarns or knitting
Spun yarns are....
made by spinning together staple fibres.
Filament yarns are.....
made from continuous filaments of silk/synthetic fibres.
filament yarns can be....
mono-filament (single fibre)

multi-filament (multiple fibres)
Moral issues means...
Thinking about how a product will affect the environment & people/cultures, concerning the way that the product is designed & manufactured i.e Safe environment/comfort/wellbeing of factory workers
Marketing means...
promoting, advertising & selling a product
Natural fibres...
Hair - alpaca/llama/angora/mohair

Cellulose - bast(linen)/leaf/seed(cotton)

Protein - Silk/wool

Mineral - Asbestos
Man made fibres....
Synthetic -polyester/flourocarbon/kevlar/nylon etc....

Regenerated - Lyocell/modal/viscose

Inorganic-carbon/metallic/ceramic/glass
Denier System...
Direct system - Higher number = thicker/heavier yarn

1 denier yarn = 9,000m of it would weigh 1g
tex system...
direct system

grams per 1,000 m
planned obsolescence means....
when a product is designed to last for a certain amount of time
Ergonomics means....
how a product works with the body
Single yarns are...
a continuous single thread of twisted staple fibres/continuous filament fibres
yarn ply means....
when single yarns are twisted together.

2 single yarns = 2ply
3 single yarns = 3 ply and so on...

*Higher ply = stronger & thicker*
Core spun yarns are....
made from a core filament yarn, with two spun yarns twisted around it.

stretch fabric could be made from this type of yarn... elastane core & covered by another fibre yarn.

core spun fabrics enhance a fabric - more comfort.
strong sewing threads are made from....
core spun threads...

Polyester core for strength, covered by cotton to protect the polyester from being melted by the needle at high speeds.
Elastane is always....
blended with another type of fibre
False twist is...
most widely used for producing textured yarns in finer deniers.

yarns are:
--twisted--heatset--untwisted--
novelty/fancy yarns have...
no uniform thickness and appearance. They have deliberate irregularities throughout, eg. bumps/knots/curls.
novelty yarns produce...
fabrics with interesting & decorative surface effects.

However... they are not very durable & are susceptible to abrasion & wear.
Types of novelty yarns include....
- slub yarn
-chenille yarn
-bouclé yarn