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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is a specific Renin inhibitor?
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Aliskiren
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How is Aliskiren administered and what is its half life?
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-Oral
-24 hr half life so can give it one time per day |
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What is Aliskiren used to treat?
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Hypertension
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Why is Aliskiren good?
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It reduces blood pressure without having any affect on heartrate
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What are the effects of Aliskirin comparable to?
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Those of an AT1 receptor antagonist
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What enhances the antihypertensive effects of Aliskirin?
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Giving it in combo w/ a diuretic, ACE inhibitor, or AT1 antagonist
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What does Aliskirin measurably reduce?
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Plasma Ang II
Plasma Aldosterone |
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What drug blocks AT1 receptors?
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Losartan
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How is Losartan administered?
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Orally
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What is Losartan used to treat?
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Hypertension (without changing heartrate)
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Why doesn't losartan change heartrate?
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It doesn't block AT2 receptors so there can still be vasodilation.
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What is the onset of action for Losartan like, and what is its activity enhanced by?
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-Slow onset
-Enhanced by diuretics |
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When is Losartan contraindicated?
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In pregnancy
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Why is it more effective to give Losartan in combination with a diuretic?
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Because the diuretic will lower body sodium, and BP will then be more controlled by Renin.
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What does increasing the dependency of BP regulation on Renin do?
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Makes the blocking of the RAS more effective at reducing BP.
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What are the 3 ACE inhibitors?
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-Captopril
-Enalapril -Lisinopril (captain enala listens) |
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What 2 substrates does ACE normally act on? What are the products?
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-Ang I to produce Ang II
-Bradykinin to produce inactive metabolite |
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So by blocking ACE, what effects are seen?
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-Decreased Ang II - lowers BP
-Increased Bradykinin - vasodilates, lowers BP |
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How are the ACE inhibitors administered?
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orally
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What is the mechanism of the ACE inhibitors?
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Competitive inhibition of the ACE enzyme
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What are ACE inhibitors used to treat?
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-Hypertension (w/o changing HR)
-Congestive heart failure |
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What enhances the effects of ACE inhibitors?
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Diuretics - for the same reason; BP regulation becomse more dependent on renin levels
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What are 2 side effects of all the ACE inhibitors?
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-Angioedema
-Coughing |
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What are 3 side effects specific to Captopril?
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-Agranulocytosis
-Rash -Proteinuria |
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When are the ACE inhibitors contraindicated?
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Pregnancy
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What are the 2 aldosterone antagonists?
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-Spironolactone
-Eplerenone |
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What type of antagonists are Spironolactone/Eplerenone?
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Competitive
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What are Spironolactone and Eplerenone used as, and what are they used to treat?
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Used as diuretics
-Treat Cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure |