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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Primary endocrine structures |
pituitary, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenals, ovaries/testes, pineal |
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Functions of Endocrine System |
regulate reproduction, growth, development, metabolism, etc. |
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3 chemical types of hormones |
Steroids, Amines, Proteins & peptides |
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Steroids |
-one cholesterol testosterone, progeterone, aldosterone, hydrocortisone, estrogen |
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Amines |
-ine amino acid tyrosine norepinephrine, epinephrine, T3, T4 |
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Proteins and Peptides |
-in specific amino acid sequence oxytocin, insulin |
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negative feedback |
hormones are secreted in response to a change and the gland monitors the change and secretes hormones as needed |
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Tropic hormones |
influence secretion of other hormones |
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Steroid mechanisms |
steroid hormone enters cell, binds with receptor, and promotes action |
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Non-steroid mechanism |
non-steroid hormone binds with receptor on cell membrane, causes formation of second messenger (cAMP), second messenger causes action |
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Hormones of Anterior Pituitary |
Growth Hormone (GH), Prolactin (PRL), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) |
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GH |
targets bones and skeletal muscles growth and increases blood glucose |
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PRL |
Mammary tissue production of milk |
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ACTH |
adrenal cortex cortisol |
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TSH |
Follicular cells of thyroid T3 and T4 |
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FSH |
Males: seminiferous tubules in testes sperm production Females: follicles of ovaries follicle and egg development, estrogen |
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LH |
Males: interstitial cells of testes testosterone Females: ovarian follicles and corpus luteum ovulation, corpus lutuem secretes progesterone |
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Anterior Lobe of pituitary |
regulated by RF produced in the hypothalamus |
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GH and PRL |
inhibited by RIF fromhypothalamus |
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Hormones of the Interior Zone |
melanocyte |
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Melanocyte |
Skin cells and skin darkness |
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Hormones of Posterior Pituitary |
Oxytocin (OT), Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) |
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OT |
smooth muscles contractions of uterus and release milk |
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ADH |
kidneys increase water reabsorption and decrease urinary output |
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Thyroid Hormones |
T3 & T4, Calcitonin |
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T3 & T4 |
regulate metabolic rate, growth and development, nervous system functions |
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Calcitonin |
decrease blood calcium by depositing calcium in the bones |
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Parathyroid Hormone |
increase blood calcium levels |
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Adrenal Cortex |
Outer, middle Inner (medulla) |
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Outer Zone |
aldosterone increase BP and kidney sodium reabsorption |
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Middle Zone |
cortisol anti-inflammatory, anti-stress, and increases blood glucose level |
