A And P Chapter 6

Front 1

The structure of bone tissue suits the function. Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand tension stress?

Back 1

Compact Bone

Front 2

Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of

Back 2

Fat

Front 3

The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is

Back 3

Osetoblast

Front 4

What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo

Back 4

Hyaline Cartilage

Front 5

In bone formation, a deficiency of growth hormone

Back 5

Decreased proliferation of the epiphyseal plate cartilage

Front 6

A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the

Back 6

Diaphysis

Front 7

The internal layer of spongy bone in flat bones

Back 7

Dipole

Front 8

the location of blood-forming tissue.

Back 8

Sternum

Front 9

Factors in preventing (or delaying) osteoporosis

Back 9

Drinking flourified water

Front 10

Ossification of the ends of long bones

Back 10

Produced by secondary ossification centers

Front 11

Cartilage is found in strategic places in the human skeleton. What is responsible for the resilience of cartilage

Back 11

High water content

Front 12

most abundant skeletal cartilage type

Back 12

Hyaline Carilage

Front 13

not the function(s) of the skeletal system

Back 13

communication

Front 14

structural unit of compact bone

Back 14

Osteon

Front 15

Bones are covered and lined by a protective tissue called periosteum. The inner (osteogenic) layer consists primarily of

Back 15

Osteoblasts AND Osteoclasts

Front 16

Dense connective tissue which secures the periosteum to the underlying bone

Back 16

Perforating (Sharpeyʹs ) fibers

Front 17

The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (the Haversian canal) is the site of

Back 17

Blood vessels and nerve fibers

Front 18

The small spaces in bone tissue that are holes in which osteocytes live

Back 18

Lacunae

Front 19

Necessary for intramembranous ossification to take place

Back 19

An ossification center forms in the fibrous connective tissue.

Front 20

process of bones increasing in width

Back 20

Appositional growth

Front 21

Accomplishes the process of bones constantly undergoing resorption for various reasons

Back 21

Osteoclast

Front 22

Hormone that increases osteoclast activity to release more calcium ions into the bloodstream

Back 22

Parathyroid

Front 23

Type of bone that vertebrae are considered

Back 23

Flat bone

Front 24

Begins about the age of 40; when a universal loss of mass seen in the skeleton

Back 24

incomplete osteon formation and mineralization

Front 25

bone fracture perpendicular to the boneʹs axis

Back 25

transverse

Front 26

Wolffʹs law is concerned with

Back 26

the thickness and shape of a bone being dependent on stresses placed upon it

Front 27

Cranial bones develop

Back 27

within fibrous membranes

Front 28

Within Fibrous Membranes

Back 28

Where cranial bones develop

Front 29

Osteomyelitis

Back 29

due to pus-forming bacteria

Front 30

Appositional growth

Back 30

the secretion of new matrix against the external face of existing cartilage

Front 31

interstitial growth

Back 31

Chondrocytes in the lacunae divide and secrete matrix, allowing the cartilage to grow from within.

Front 32

In the epiphyseal plate, cartilage grows

Back 32

by pushing the epiphysis away from the diaphysis

Front 33

Framework in which Spongy bone is made

Back 33

trabeculae

Front 34

bone formation

Back 34

Osteogenesis

Front 35

Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through

Back 35

interstitial growth of the epiphyseal plates

Front 36

hormone is important for bone growth during infancy and childhood

Back 36

growth hormone

Front 37

cases where the epiphyseal plate of the long bones of children closes too early

Back 37

elevated sex hormones

Front 38

how mechanical forces communicate with cells responsible for bone remodeling

Back 38

Vitamin D enhances

Front 39

skin cancer

Back 39

Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing.

Front 40

Porphyria

Back 40

An inherited condition that affects the heme pathway; it leaves the skin scarred and gums degenerated, and may have led to the folklore about vampires

Front 41

Basale

Back 41

A needle would go through layer of skin last

Front 42

A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order

Back 42

corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

Front 43

The major regions of a hair shaft

Back 43

medulla, cortex, cuticle

Front 44

external root sheath

Back 44

The major regions of a hair shaft include all of the following except

Front 45

Sebaceous Glands

Back 45

Acne is a disorder associated with

Front 46

dermis

Back 46

Two layers

Front 47

arrector pili

Back 47

Which muscles attached to the hair follicles cause goose bumps

Front 48

lucidum

Back 48

Which layer of skin would be damaged if a splinter penetrated the skin into the second epidermal layer of the sole of the foot

Front 49

Meissnerʹs corpuscles

Back 49

specialized for the reception of touch or light pressure

Front 50

Melanocytes

Back 50

spidery-shaped cells in contact with cells in the stratum basale

Front 51

Kinky hair has flat, ribbon like hair shafts.

Back 51

why hair appears the way it does

Front 52

Ceruminous glands secrete cerumen, which is thought to deter insects

Back 52

Sudoriferous glands vary in distribution over the surface of the body

Front 53

resident macrophage-like cells whose function is to ingest antigenic invaders and present them to the immune system

Back 53

Functions of integumentary sytem as a covering

Front 54

allow the hair to assist in touch sensation

Back 54

function of the root hair plexus

Front 55

Vernix caseosa

Back 55

whitish material produced by fetal sebaceous glands

Front 56

ceruminous

Back 56

modified sudoriferous gland that secretes wax.

Front 57

diffusing through the tissue fluid from blood vessels in the dermis

Back 57

Process by which nutrients reach the surface of the skin (epidermis)

Front 58

adipose tissue

Back 58

reason the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber

Front 59

four different cell shapes found in five distinct layers, each cell shape with a special function

Back 59

The epidermis is responsible for protecting the body against invasion of bacteria and other foreign agents primarily because it is composed of

Front 60

produce a fibrous protein that gives the skin much of its protective properties

Back 60

Keratinocytes are an important epidermal cell because

Front 61

Keratinocytes accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion

Back 61

Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage

Front 62

stratum basale

Back 62

layers responsible for cell division and replacement

Front 63

macrophages called Langerhansʹ cells

Back 63

The integumentary system is protected by the action of cells that arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. Which of the following cells serve this function

Front 64

Lamellated granules of the cells of the stratum granulosum, a glycolipid that is secreted into extracellular spaces.

Back 64

protects us against excessive water loss through the skin

Front 65

fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells

Back 65

likely to be found in the dermis

Front 66

reticular layer

Back 66

constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for the tension lines in the skin

Front 67

silvery-white scars

Back 67

How might a person know that the dermis has been stretched and/or torn

Front 68

dermal papillae.

Back 68

The papillary layer of the dermis is connective tissue heavily invested with blood vessels. The superficial surface has structures called

Front 69

genetically determined and unique to each individual

Back 69

to produce the specific pattern known as handprints, footprints

Front 70

Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion

Back 70

bodyʹs natural defenses protect the skin from the effects of UV damage

Front 71

Addisonʹs disease

Back 71

The skin takes on a bronze or metallic appearance.

Front 72

Langerhansʹ cell

Back 72

specialized phagocytic cell

Front 73

nutrition and hormones

Back 73

most important factors influencing hair growth

Front 74

fingernails

Back 74

modification of the epidermis.

Front 75

eccrine and apocrine

Back 75

sweat glands

Front 76

99% water, sodium chloride, trace amounts of wastes, and vitamin C

Back 76

composition of the secretions of the eccrine glands

Front 77

Apocrine glands

Back 77

in the axillary and anogenital area

Front 78

hormones; especially androgens

Back 78

The sebaceous glands are simple alveolar glands that secrete a substance known as sebum. The secretion of sebum is stimulated

Front 79

vital function of the skin

Back 79

converts modified epidermal cholesterol to a vitamin D precursor important to calcium metabolism.

Front 80

rule of nine's

Back 80

Burns are devastating and debilitating because of loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. How do physicians estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss?

Front 81

fluid loss

Back 81

first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn