9Th Physical Science Vocab For Final

Front 1

a region around the nucleous of an atom where electrons are most lickely to be found; only a certain no. of electrons can be found in each energy level of an atom

Back 1

Energy Level

Front 2

substance that contains only one kind of matter

Back 2

Element

Front 3

the average mass of all the known isotopesof an element

Back 3

Atomic Mass

Front 4

a letter, figure, of other, charecter of mark used to desgnate something

Back 4

Symbol

Front 5

the smallest particle of an element that can exist alone or combine with other elements

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Atom

Front 6

the smallest particle of a compound that retains the properties of the compound

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Molecule

Front 7

a measure of a materials tendency to shatter upon impact

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Brittleness

Front 8

measure of a solid's ability to stretch and then return to it's original size

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Elasticity

Front 9

measure of a solid's resistance to scratching

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Hardness

Front 10

solid's ability to be pounded into thin sheets

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Malleablility

Front 11

the process by which a substance in its gaseous state loses energy and enters it's liquid state

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Condensation

Front 12

the process by which a substance in its gaseous state gains energy and enters its gaseous state

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Evaporation

Front 13

the curved uper surface of a non-turbulent liquid in a vertical tube

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Meniscus

Front 14

measure of the inertia of an object

Back 14

Mass

Front 15

principle- force exerted on an object in a liquid is=to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object

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Archemedes Principle

Front 16

measure of the upward force a fluid exerts on the object

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Bouyancy

Front 17

a substance that is capable of flowing and that changes it's shape at a steady rate when acted upon by a force tending to change it's shape

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Fluid

Front 18

a measure of a material's resistance to flow

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Viscosity

Front 19

an atom that has an electric charge

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Ions

Front 20

the attraction in an atom has for the shared pair of electrons in a chemical bond

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Electronegativity

Front 21

a type of chemical bond that is formed when 2 atoms share electrons

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Covalent Bond

Front 22

a type of chemical bond between atoms that gain or lose electrons; a bond between ions

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Ionic Bond

Front 23

a bond between metalic atoms

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Metal Bond

Front 24

a covalent compound that consits of only 2 types of elements

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Binary Compounds

Front 25

the formula of a compound written in lowest terms

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Empirical Fromula

Front 26

a large molecule that is composed of repeating smaller molecules called subunits or monomers

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Polymers

Front 27

a reaction in which one element replaces a similar element in a comound

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Single Displacement

Front 28

a reaction in which ions from 2 compunds in a solution exchange places to produce 2 new comounds

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Double Displacement

Front 29

a chemical reaction in which a single compound is broken down to produce 2 or more similar coompunds

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Decomposition Reaction

Front 30

a chemical reaction in which 2 or more substances combine to form a new compund

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Addition Reaction/ Synthisis

Front 31

a reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen releasing large amounts of energy in the form of heat and light

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Combustion Reaction

Front 32

the total mass of products of a reaction is = to the total nass of reactants

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Law of Conservatin of Mass
(states that...)

Front 33

a reactant that is used up first in the chemical reaction

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Limiting Reactant

Front 34

the no. of atoms in the atomic mass of an element or the no. of molecules in the formula mass of a compound when these masses are expressed

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Avogadro's Number

Front 35

one set of 6.02*10-23(power)atoms or molecules

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mole

Front 36

a way of visually distinguishing coloids from true solutions

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Tyndall Effect

Front 37

a type of mixture in which the particles(atoms or molecules) are betweee 1.0and 1000nanometers in diameter

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Colloid

Front 38

a unit of measurment that is = to 1 billinth of a meter

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Nanometer

Front 39

solutions of 2 or more metals

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Alloy

Front 40

In physics- occurs when the forces on an object are balanced; in chemistry- the state in which the solute in a solution is dissolving and coming out of sloution at the same weight

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Equlibrium

Front 41

a type of mixture in which the particles (atoms or molecules) are larger than 1000nanometers in diameter

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Suspension

Front 42

a compound you can't pass an electric current through after dissolving

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Non-Electrolyte

Front 43

contributes ZHydrogen ions to a solution

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Acid

Front 44

contributes OH-(hydroxyle) ions to a solution

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Base

Front 45

rain, snow, or fog that has a pH lower than 5.6

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Acid Precipitation

Front 46

exact concentration of H+ ions and OH- ions in a solution

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pH

Front 47

chemicals that form ions and conduct current when dissolved in water

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Electrolytes

Front 48

emmitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay, also called a Helium nucleus

Back 48

Alpha Particle

Front 49

the length of time it takes for 1/2's; an amount of radioactive substance to undergo radioactive decay

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Half- Life

Front 50

an electron emmited from the muscles of the atom during radioactive decay

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Beta Particles

Front 51

splitting of the nucleus of the atom

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Fission

Front 52

2 nuclei from 2 atoms combine to make a different atom

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Fusion