9 Motivation And Emotion

Front 1

Motivation

Back 1

an internal state that activates behavior and gives direction to our thoughts

Front 2

Emotions

Back 2

positive or negative feelings usually accompanied by behavior and physiological arousal that generally occur in response to stimulus situations

Front 3

Primary Motives

-AKA-

Physiological Motives

Back 3

• essential for the survival of the organism
  
• triggered by imbalance in the body
  

Front 4

Primary Motives

-examples of

Back 4

• hunger & thirst
  
• oxygen
  
• regulation of body temp
  
• sleep
  
• avoidance of pain
  
• elimination of waste
  
• sex?
  

Front 5

Psychological Motives

-AKA-

Social Motives

Back 5

• are specific only to humans
• they are learned in social groups
• strength differs from one individual to another
  

Front 6

Psychological Motives

-examples of

Back 6

• Achievement -a desire to achieve some goal
• Power -a desire to have an impact on others
• Stimulus & Exploration/Novel Stimulation -extend their knowledge and experiences by exploring new things; very powerful during childhood
• Gregariousness/Affiliation -preference to be with others; many basic needs can be achieved via affiliation (safety, security, etc.)
  

Front 7

Opponent-Process Theory

Back 7

• a theory of motivation/emotion that views emotions as pairs of opposites (fear-relief, pleasure-pain)
  
• when one emotion is experienced, the other is suppressed
  
• an attempt to link emotional states with motivation
  
• an attempt to explain how new motives are learned

Front 8

Intrinsic Motivation

Back 8

motives stimulated by the inherent nature of the activity

Front 9

Extrinsic Motivation

Back 9

those stimulated by external rewards

Front 10

Theories that attempt to explain emotions:

Back 10

• James-Lange Theory
  
• Cannon-Bard Theory
  
• Schachter and Singer (and other cognitive theorists)
  

Front 11

Schachter and Singer

Back 11

• the cognitive process involves interpreting from both the environment and the
  
• many basic emotions are primarily inborn but that learning plays an important role in emotions