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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What's and Atom?
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the smallest unit of an element
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How do you determine the elements identities?
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by counting the protons
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what are the electrons?
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they are the negative things located in the electron cloud
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What are Valance Electrons?
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they are the electrons that are located in the outer shell (ring) and they determine the elements reactivity
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How do you find the atomic mass?
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by adding the number of protons and the neutrons in the nucleus
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What is a group in the periodic table?
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it is a set of elements with common characteristics. the element in each group have the same number of Valance Electrons. groups go up and down
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what is a period?
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it is a row on the periodic table
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What are metals?
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they usually have luster or shine, they conduct heat and electricity and can change shape when hammered or formed into a new shape. They are located in the left side of the periodic table.
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what are non-metals?
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they are dull and cant conduct electricity, they are located in the far right side of the periodic table.
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What are metalloids?
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they are located along the zigzag line, they have properties of both metals and non-metals
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What is potential energy?
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energy stored in an object based on its position
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what is kinetic energy?
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the enrgy an object posseses due to its motion
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what is newton's first law?
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Law of inertia= an object will stay in motion, or at rest, until it is acted on by an unbalanced force.
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what is newtons second law?
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law of force and acceleration= the net force on an object equals the object mass multiplied by it's acceleration or F=ma. basically a major force produces a greater accelereation
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what is newtons third law?
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law of action-reaction= for every action, there is an equal or opposite reaction
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what is rotate?
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to spin on an axis
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what is revolve?
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to orbit around another body
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what is the lunar cycle?
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the appearance of phases of the moon as viewed from earth.
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what are the phases of the moon in order
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New moon, Waxing Crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, Full moon, Waning gibbous, last/third quarter and waning crescent (THIS IS THE ORDER IF THE SUN IS ON THE RIGHT!!!!)
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what is a nebula?
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a cloud of gas and dust where stars are born
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What is a galaxy>
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a system of million of stars, along with gas and dust that is held together by gravitational attraction
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what is a star?
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a self-luminous body that consist of gasses held together by its own gravity
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What is a Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (H-R diagram)?
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a scatter graph of stars showing the relationship between the stars brightness
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What are Autotrophs?
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can make their own food from light or chemical energy like plants
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What is a biotic factpr?
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a ting that is living or lived
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what is abiotic?
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a thing that never lived
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what are prokaryotic cells?
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simple small cells that so not have a membrane around the nucleus like bacteria
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what are eukaryotic cells?
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larger and varied cells, these cells are found in plants, animals and humans
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what are the different cell kingdoms?
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Planae- Multicellular, eukaryotic Animalia- multicellular eukaryotic Fungi- multicellular, eukaryotic Protista- eukaryotic, unicellular and multicellular Eubacteria- Unicellular, prokaryotic Archaebacterial- unicellular, prokaryotic
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What is the mitochondria?
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the energy center, or "powerhouse" of the cell. turns food into usable energy (plant and animal cell)
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what is the vacuole?
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the storage, found in both cells but plants have a larger vacuole to store sunlight
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what Is the chloroplast?
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the thing that helps the plant make photosynthesis (only found in plant cells)
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what is a Cell membrane?
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the outer boundary of a cell (found in both cells)
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what is the cell wall?
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provide additional support (only found in plant cells)
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what Is the nucleus?
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the brain(found in both)
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