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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the steps for a scientific method?
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problem
research hypothesis experiment analyze conclude |
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What is a theory?
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It explains an event
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What is a law?
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It tells what will happen but does not explain why.
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What are the limits of science?
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opinions
bias beliefs |
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What is the purpose of using scientific methods?
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To have reliable, repeatable results.
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What is an electron?
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The negatively charged particles in an atom.
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What is a proton?
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The positively charged particles in an atom.
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What is a heterogeneous mixture?
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Not mixed evenly
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What is a homogeneous mixture?
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Solutions that are mixed evenly throughout. (see through)
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What is a mineral?
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An inorganic, natural formed crystal with a definite composition.
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Name 7 physical properties that help identify minerals
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streak, hardness, appearance, luster, magnetism, density, cleavage/fracture
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What four characteristics do all minerals share?
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inorganic
crystalline naturally formed definite composition |
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How are igneous rocks formed?
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Magma cooling
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How are metamorphic rocks formed?
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heat and pressure
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How are sedimentary rocks formed?
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compaction and cementation
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What is the rock cycle?
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A model of how rocks are changed, but never created or destroyed.
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What is a renewable resource?
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Resources that can be made or renewed faster than you use it.
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What is a nonrenewable resource?
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A resource that is used faster than you can make it.
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What is inexhaustible energy?
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It never runs out.
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuels?
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Advantages-cheap, lost of energy
Disadvantages-pollute, run out, nonrenewable |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy?
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Advantages-lots of energy
Disadvantages-dangerous, waste, pollute, nonrenewable |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of solar energy?
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Advantages-inexhaustible, cheap, no pollution
Disadvantages-not much power, depends on sun, can't store it. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of wind energy?
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Advantages-inexhaustible, cheap, no pollution
Disadvantages-can't store it. Not windy, no power. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy?
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Advantages-Inexhaustible, cheap, no pollution
Disadvantages-wrecks habitat |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of biomass fuel
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Advantages-renewable
Disadvantages-pollutes |
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What is chemical weathering?
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changes a substance
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What is mechanical weathering?
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physical breakdown
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What is Horizon A?
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Topsoil, it has the most humus.
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What is Horizon B?
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Sand and Clay
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What is horizon C?
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Bedrock, has parent rock
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What can we do to prevent soil erosion?
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shelter belts, terracing, no-till farming, CRP
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What are 3 types of gravity erosion?
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rock slides, creep, mudslides, slump
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What are 2 deposits left by glaciers?
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moraine, esker
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What is esker?
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Formed by a tunnel under a glacier.
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What is moraine?
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Glacial deposits at the back of a glacier.
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What is creep?
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Causes trees to lean.
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What is slump?
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When a large chunk of land breaks off and falls down a slope.
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How does climate affect mechanical weathering?
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Cold climate = fast weathering
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How does climate affect chemical weathering?
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Warm, wet climate = fast weathering
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What is permeability?
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Water soaks through easily.
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What is a well?
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A hole drilled to access underground water.
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What is groundwater?
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Water underground
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What is an aquifer?
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An underground reservoir of water.
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What is surface water?
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Water on the surface
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What is a water table?
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Permanently wet zone in soil.
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What are the factors that can affect the amount of surface water?
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temperature, rainfall, vegetation
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What are the stages of stream development?
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Young-fast, white water
mature-slower, curves old-slow, flood plains, meanders |
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Why is groundwater a valuable resource?
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Because it is clean and drinkable
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Explain the Red River system using terms from this chapter?
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old system, meanders, has big floodplains
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What happens to a river system when too much water is added?
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Floods
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What can be done to prevent floods?
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dike, damns, diversions
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