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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Substance
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a single kind of matter that is pure and has a specific set of properties.
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3 Different Substances
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- Elements
- Compounds -Mixtures |
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Mixture
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a physical blend of 2 or more substances that do not chemically combine.
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In a mixture...
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the substances are together but have their own properties, the parts are not combined in a set ratio, a chemical symbol can not be used to represent a mixture.
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What makes up a mixture?
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gases (atmosphere), liquids (dilute acetic acid, vinegar) or, solids (Trail mix).
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2 Types of Mixtures
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1. Heterogeneous
2. Homogeneous |
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Heterogeneous
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Mixture doesn't look the same everywhere, substances can be seen, not every sample is identical.
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Suspensions
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Type of heterogeneous mixture, particles don't dissolve completely, may settle out over time. Ex: dirt in water, oil in vinegar.
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Homogeneous
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Appears the same throughout, substances will not settle over time, every sample is identical. Ex: tea and orange juice.
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Solutions
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A mixture, one substance dissolves in another, not easily separated physically, particles are evenly spread throughout.
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2 Solution Parts
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Solvent: dissolves the solute.
Solute: is dissolved by solvent. Ex: Salt water: salt (solvent) water (solute) |
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Colloid
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Homogeneous mixture in which particles are mixed together but do not dissolve. Ex: Jello, Milk, Non-Newtonian fluids.
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Alloy
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Solution of 2 or more metals, often mixed in liquid form and then solidified
Ex: Brass – Copper and Zinc. |
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Since mixtures are a physical blend of substances how can they be separated?
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They can be separated by physical means.
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1. Mechanical
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Sort by physical characteristics such as size or color.
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Filtration
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Use filter or screen/sifter to separate by size.
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Evaporation
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Use heat and water to separate some kinds of mixtures.
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Floatation
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Dense components sink while lighter ones float.
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Magnetism
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Use magnet to remove substances with magnetic properties.
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aesga
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