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34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Weather
is the state or condition of the atmoshpere at any given location for a short period of time
Climate
is the overall view of a regions weather conditions over a long period of time
Weather variables
Temperature, Air Pressure, Moisture, Wind
How do clouds form?
-condensation nuclei
-moisture
-temperature below temperatures
High Pressure System and Low Pressure Systems
The fastest winds devolp in larger and more powerful atmoshperic events than the more local land and sea breezesor mountain and valley breezes.
Temperature
the measure of the kinetic or motion energy of the particles in the object being measured
Therometer
insturment used to measure temperature
Air Pressure
the weight of the atmosphere as Earths gravity pulls on air.
Barometer
instrument used to measure air pressure
-Humidity
-Relative Humidity
-is the water vapor content of the air.
-expresses how full of moisiture the air is, because it is shown as a percent of the moisture that is in the air compared to how much the air could hold at that temperature
Wind
-wind direction is named for the direction toward which it blows
-wind blows from regions of higher pressure to lower pressure
-the steeper gradient the greater the wind speed
Solid State to Liquid State
80 calories must be supplied
Liquid state to solid state
80 calories must be released
liquid state to a vapor state
540 calories supplied
vapor state to a liquid state
540 calories released
Transpiration
process of water given to atmosphere from plant
Evapotranspiraton process
-requires 540 calories/gram to change liquid to water vapor(latent heat of vaporazation)
-almost all of the energy is supplied by insolation.
-solar energy is converted to a stored energy or potential energy
Rain
>0.2 mm
Drizzle
0.2-0.5 mm
Snow
falling ice crystals
Sleet
Solid pellets of ice that form by freezing of rain drops as they fall
Hail
layers of ice, snow, and water formed by movements of thunderstorm clounds
Zone of Convergence
-Low Pressure Systems
-because rising air at the center causes surrounding air from higher pressure areas to come together or converge to replace it
Zone of Divergence
-high pressure systems
-because the sinking air moves apart at Earths surface
Anticyclones
High Pressure Systems
Coriolis Effect
-Earth Spins counter clockwise from west to east
-Large scale wind patterns which should result in direct movement of wind from north to south appear to be deflected because of Earths rotation.
Coriolis Effect-2
-in the Northern hemisphere wind moving from a high pressure system appeart to curve to the right
-turn clockwise
-only in northern hemisphere
Coriolis Effect-3
-in the northern Hemisphere winds moving into a low pressure system do not appear to have a straight on approach but instead come in on a diagonal from right to left
-counter clockwise
High Pressure System
D O C D
o u l i
w t o v
n c e
k r
w g
i e
s n
e c
e
Low Pressure System
U I C C C
P N o l o
u o n
n c v
t w e
e i r
r s g
e e
n
c
e
Jet Streams
Jet streams are wandering currents of air far above earths surface. They usually occur when cold polar air meets warmer air and meteorologist follow their movemetns closely because they influence the devolpment and movement of weather systems.
cP
cT
mP
mT
cA
-Cold to cool and dry
-Hot and dry
-Cool and moist
-Warm and moist
-very cold and very dry
Thunderstorms
-Start out as low pressure systems where warm moist air is either lifted due to an occluded front or because local heating causes large pressure difference and lot of convetive rising
-usually tall cummulonimbus
abiadbatic cooling
happens any time air rises expands and tehen cools as a result of reduces atmospheric pressure