8Th Grade Biology Vocabulary Words 01

Front 1

Mitochondria

Back 1

-Power house of the cell

-Convert the chemical energy stored into food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use.

Front 2

Organelle

Back 2

-produce energy
-build cellular material
-removes waste
-transport materials

Front 3

Ribosome

Back 3

-small dot-like structure found on rough ER or throughout the cytoplasm

-makes proteins= one of the most important jobs of the cell

-proteins are assembled on ribosomes.

Front 4

Nucleus

Back 4

-the brain= control center of the cell
-controls all of the cellular activities
-has DNA

Front 5

Cell Membrane

Back 5

controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell.
Where the cell enters.

Front 6

Lysosome

Back 6

small organelles filled with enzymes (special proteins acting as biological catalysts)

break down food into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the call
also breaks down old and expired organelles.

Front 7

Golgi bodies

Back 7

Acts like a shipping company

-sends out material to the rest of the cell

Front 8

Rough ER

(E.R.= Endoplasmic Reticulum)

Back 8

Rough ER- involved in protein synthesis. Ribosomes found on the surface/ back

Front 9

Chloroplast

Back 9

Chloroplasts capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical.

They are surrounded by two membranes. Chloroplasts contains the green pigment called chlorophyll.

Front 10

Cytoplasm

Back 10

-portion of the cell outside the nucleus
-fill in material, jello

Front 11

Vacuole

Back 11

store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. Major organelle.
the pressure of the central vacuole allows plants to support heavy structures (leaves, flowers)

-found in few animals and unicellular organisms.
-the paramecium contains a contractile vacuole that pumps excess water out of the cell.

Front 12

Cilia

Back 12

They are like eyelashes

(little web/short feet)

Front 13

Flagella

Back 13

Like long strands of hair

Front 14

Parent Cell

Back 14

Front 15

Daughter Cell

Back 15

Cells formed after cell division

Front 16

Offspring

Back 16

Person's or animal's child

Front 17

Fertilization

Back 17

cause (an egg, female animal, or plant) to develop a new individual by introducing male reproductive material.

Front 18

Asexual

Back 18

Being able to reproduce without a partner of another gender

Front 19

Sexual

Back 19

Being able to reproduce only with a partner of another gender

Front 20

Binary fission

Back 20

The way asexual organisms reproduce

Front 21

Budding fission

Back 21

Another way asexual organisms reproduce. In this process, they end up as a chain of cells

Front 22

Cell Division

Back 22

Process of when cells divide

Front 23

DNA

Back 23

stretched out version of chromosome

Chromosomes have all the "ingredients/information" or "codes" that tells our system how to make us the way we are.

Front 24

Unicellular

Back 24

Uni= one

Unicellular means, one cell

Front 25

Multicellular

Back 25

Multi= Many

Multicellular- many cells

Front 26

Animalia

Back 26

Animal kingdom

Front 27

Plantae

Back 27

Plant kingdom

Front 28

Protista

Back 28

Kingdom of one cell (unicellular) organisim

Front 29

Fungi

Back 29

Neither plants nor animals, the fungi kingdom includes toadstools, puffballs, and molds. Fungi feed on living or dead organisms by making them rot.

Front 30

Eubacteria

Back 30

a large group of bacteria having rough cell walls; many types have flagella.

-Has a nucleus

Front 31

Arcahebacteria

Back 31

-No nucleus

-Unicellular (one cell)

Front 32

Domain

Back 32

Divisions/Groups

Front 33

Kingdom

Back 33

Groups by rankings

Front 34

Genus

Back 34

a class, kind, or group marked by common characteristics or by one common characteristic; specifically

Front 35

Species

Back 35

a class of individuals having some common characteristics or qualities; distinct sort or kind.