7Th Grade Final Exam Social Studies

Front 1

Indus River

Back 1

river that empties into the abra sea

Front 2

Gangas River

Back 2

river in the northern indea that runs south of the Himalayas and into the indian ocean

Front 3

monsoons

Back 3

strong wind that blows one direction in winter and the opposite direction in the summer

Front 4

subcontinent

Back 4

large landmass that is part of a continent but distinct from it

Front 5

Himalayas

Back 5

highest mountain in the world, in south Asia

Front 6

Hinduism

Back 6

religion of indea that stresses that one main force connects all of life

Front 7

caste system

Back 7

social system in which a person's place is determined by the rank of a family into which (s)he is born

Front 8

reincarnation

Back 8

belif that people move in constant cycle of life, death, and rebirth

Front 9

dharma

Back 9

laws and dudies that guide the behavior of each caste member

Front 10

Buddhism

Back 10

religion founded by Siddhartha Guatama which teaches that thr most important thing in life is to reach peace by ending suffering

Front 11

monk

Back 11

man who devotes his life to a religious group

Front 12

karma

Back 12

end result of a person's good and bad acts, which detemins his/her rebirth

Front 13

four noble truths

Back 13

principles that rule life leading to an end of suffering

Front 14

eightfold path

Back 14

basic rules of behavior and belief leading to an end of suffering

Front 15

middle way

Back 15

way of life, neather too strict nor too easy

Front 16

Siddhartha Guatama

Back 16

known as the buddha (enlightened one), started buddhism

Front 17

Sanskirt

Back 17

written language developed by the aryans

Front 18

guru

Back 18

religious teacher and spiritual guide in hinduism

Front 19

nirvana

Back 19

state of wisdom and freedome from the cycle of rebirth

Front 20

theocracy

Back 20

government ruled by religious leaders

Front 21

dynasty

Back 21

lonng line of rulers from the same family

Front 22

stupas

Back 22

buddhist shrine shaped like a mound or dome

Front 23

pilgrim

Back 23

person who travels for religious reasons

Front 24

aryans

Back 24

people from central/south Asia who conqered Harappans and developed the caste system and Sanskirt

Front 25

Brahman

Back 25

in Hinduism, universal spirit from which all gods/goddesses are different parts

Front 26

peninsula

Back 26

body of land with water on 3 sides

Front 27

colonies

Back 27

settlemant in a new territory that keeps close ties with its homeland

Front 28

polis

Back 28

early Greek city-state, made up of a city and the surrounding country side and run like an independent country

Front 29

acropolis

Back 29

large hill where people sought shelter and safty in times of war and met to discuss community issues

Front 30

agora

Back 30

open area that served as a market place and meeting place

Front 31

jury

Back 31

group of citizens chosen to here evidence and make a decision in a court of law

Front 32

citizen

Back 32

person with rights and responsibilities in his/her community or country- in ancient greece, only males could me citizens

Front 33

assembly

Back 33

lawmaking body of government made up of a group of citizens

Front 34

tyrant

Back 34

person who takes power by force and rules with absolute power and athority (form of government is called tyranny)

Front 35

oligarchy

Back 35

government in which a few, elite (wealthy and powerful) people rule; olig means fre; archy means rulership

Front 36

democracy

Back 36

government in which all citizens share in the runnung of the government; 1st democract started in athens, greece; demo means people; cracy means power

Front 37

monarchy

Back 37

government ruled by a king or queen; mono means 1; archy means rulership

Front 38

city-state

Back 38

independend state maed up of a city and the surrounding land and villages

Front 39

sparta

Back 39

largest of the ancient greece city-states

Front 40

athens

Back 40

city-state in ancient greece which developed into a democracy; most powerful of the city-states, 1st olympics

Front 41

helots

Back 41

person who was conquered and enslaved by the spartans

Front 42

persia

Back 42

area which is now southwestern iran

Front 43

satrapies

Back 43

20 states into which darius divided the persian empire

Front 44

strap

Back 44

official who ruled a state in the persian empire under darius

Front 45

Zoroastrianism

Back 45

persian religion; taught that humans had the freedom to choose between right and wrong and that goodness would win in the end, monotheistic

Front 46

direct democracy

Back 46

system of government in which all people gather and make decisions(vote) on governmental matters

Front 47

representave democracy

Back 47

system of government in which people elect others to speek for them on governmental matters

Front 48

pericels

Back 48

great athenian general and statesman; expanded democracy by allowing lower class male citizans to run for political office

Front 49

myths

Back 49

traditional story describing gods or heros or explaining natral events