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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name drug groups used against plathelminths (flatworms)
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Benzimidazoles, niclosamide, praziquantel
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Name drugs against nematodes (round worms)
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Benzimidazoles, levimisole, piperazine, ivermectin
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Name benzimidazoles (antihelmiths)
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Mebendazole, albendazole
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Mechanism of action of benzimidazoles?
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They inhibit polymerization of b-tubulin which interferes with microtubule-dependent functions like glucose uptake, DNA replication.
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Mechanism of action of piperazine (antihelmith)?
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It is a GABA receptor agonist which opens GABA-gated Cl- channels in the nematodes. This causes flaccid paralysis in the worms, and they are excreted though normal intestinal peristalsis.
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Adverse effects of piperazine?
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It is neurotoxic and can cause seizures. Not used in epileptics.
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Mechanism of action of levamisole? (antihelmith)
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It is a nicotinic receptor agonist and causes overstimulation in the NMJ, resulting in paralysis.
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Indication and mechanism of Niclosamide?
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Used against intestinal tapeworms. Inhibits glucose uptake, oxidative phosphorylation and TCA in the worm.
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Mechanism of action of praziquantel?
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It increases the permeability of Ca2+ across the paracites membrane and causes tonic paralysis.
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Contraindication of praziquantel?
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- Worm infections in the eyes - Pregnancy
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Mechanism of action of diethylcarbamazine?
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Poorly understood mechanism, but its believed that it makes the parasites more susceptible for phagocytosis. It also inhibits arachidonic acid metabolism in the host.
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What are the adverse effects of diethylcarbamazine?
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It can cause Mazzotti reaction if used for river blindness. It can be life-threatening with pruritus, adenopathy.
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