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37 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Romulus and Remus
Two boys from the legend of the beginning of Rome. They were thrown into the river by their wicked uncle when babies and a female wolf saved and raised them. They founded Rome when they grew up and named it after Romulus
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
A king from a legend about Rome when they had kings. There were 6 good kings, and the 7th was bad, so they had a revolt and set up a republic
republic
a government without a king and some elected officials
consuls
two elected officials that replaced Lucius Tarquinius Superbus when the people overthrew him
patrician
a member of aristocracy in ancient Rome
plebeian
a member of the Roman lower class
tribunes
representative of the plebeian class
tribute
money or goods that conquered peoples were forced to pay to the conquerors
Hannibal
A Carthaginian who wanted to conquer Rome completely
Carthage
A wealthy city-state over the control of the western Mediterranean which had the Punic wars with Rome
Scipio Africanus
A Roman general who wanted to conquer Carthage itself, and won the second war against them
Phoenician
Middle Eastern people who traded around the Mediterranean Sea; Carthaginians were originally this
Cato the elder
a Roman senator who wanted Carthage to be destroyed "once and for all"
first Punic war
A war in which Rome stopped Carthage from expanding its rule eastward and Rome took over Sicily
second Punic war
A war in which Hannibal attacked Rome, but then sailed home to defend Carthage when Scipio attacked it
third Punic war
The last of the Punic wars in which 200,000 Carthaginians died, and the remaining 50,000 was sold into slavery because the Romans won. The Romans then destroyed Carthage and sowed salt into the fertile ground to ensure that no one ever rebuilt it
Scipio Aernilianus
adopted grandson of Scipio Africanus, and fought and won the third Punic War
Julius Caeser
Julius Caesar was a military leader who wanted to become the sole ruler of Rome, so he started a Civil war in Rome and eventually became a dictator, but he was out of touch with the people and didn't see that the people wanted to kill him, so he was assassinated by a group of men led by Brutus, his friend, and Crassus, a man who wanted revenge for Julius Caesar using him to get power
Pompey and Crassus
Two men that Julius Ceaser had an alliance with so he could get into council. When the alliance fell, Crassus was one of the lead assassinators against Julius Caesar
dictator
An absolute ruler of a city or council
Brutus
One of Caesar's considered friend, but was actually one of the assassinators against Julius
Augustus
A great nephew of Julius Caesar, but quite unlike him, and was actually called Octavian, but named Ceaser Augustus by the Roman Senate. He wanted the Romans to be proud again, and brought a time of great peace to Rome.
Pax Romania
a period of peace and order throughout the Roman Empire that lasted nearly 200 years and started with Caesar Augustus
Matyr
a person killed for his or her religious or personal beliefs
coliseums
A large theater or sports arena
Persecution
harassment or oppression
the Edict of Milan
a treaty signed by the Emperor Constantine that made Christianity a legal religion in the Roman Empire
Constantine
an emperor who thought that Christianity could act as a glue for Rome, and so he signed the Edict of Milan. When there was a problem with high prices in Rome, he thought more money was needed, and put more money into circulation, but this did not work
Diocletian
an emperor who thought he could stop prices from rising by declaring what the prices should be, but this only made certain items unavailable
recession
a time when trade and business falls off
inflation
a process that makes money more widely available and therefore less valuable
Alaric
a visagothic king who conquered western Rome
Byzantine Empire
the name of the eastern Roman empire
Allah
the name of god used by the followers of Islam
Koran
the holy scripture of Islam
Charlemagne
a king of Franks that was in 800 A.D., named the Holy Roman Emperor, although his empire was much of western Europe
heritage
customs or beliefs that people inherit from an earlier time