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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A 100 kg patient is receiving intravenous heparin at 1500 units/hour for the past 5 hours. The patient is now actively bleeding. The team wishes to reverse the heparin. How much protamine sulfate should be administered? Answer A1 mg B10 mg C30 mg D70 mg E100 mg
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C30 mg |
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A dog with a big snooping nose was bitten by a scorpion. If the owner is willing to spend quite a bit of money, what antidote can be provided? Answer ANapthalene BAntivenin CL-carnitine DDimercaprol ESodium bicarbonate |
BAntivenin |
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A mother finds her 6-year-old son unconscious on the floor with an empty bottle of amitriptyline next to him. What would be the most important steps to take first? Answer ACall 911 and initiate CPR if the child is not breathing. BCall the child’s primary care physician. CBring the child to the nearest urgent care center. DAdminister ipecac syrup. EAdminister activated charcoal. |
ACall 911 and initiate CPR if the child is not breathing. |
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The antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol overdose is: Answer ANaloxone BFomepizole CN-acetylcysteine DFlumazenil ECyanocobalamin
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BFomepizole |
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A community in California was sprayed with an organophosphate pesticide. A child was outside when the plane flew over his yard. What symptoms of toxicity should his parents watch out for in their son? Answer APsychosis, self-hurt, anxiety, anger BEye tearing, salivation, sweating, and frequent bowel movements CDry eyes, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention DTremors and seizures, ataxia, muscle spasticity ESedation, respiratory depression, tetanus |
BEye tearing, salivation, sweating, and frequent bowel movements |
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Joan is positive for tuberculosis and has been prescribed a regimen of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for 8 weeks. She presents to the emergency room with seizures related to acute ingestion of an unknown amount of isoniazid. Which one of the following medications would be the most appropriate to administer? Answer APyridoxine (vitamin B6) BCyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) CDeferoxamine DAtropine EPhytonadione (vitamin K) |
APyridoxine (vitamin B6) |
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A frantic father brings her child to the emergency room and reports that her child ate an unknown amount of his nicotine gum. The child appears to have difficulty breathing, appears confused, and is drooling. Which of the following is a correct recommendation? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AProvide supportive care BAdminister atropine, if tachycardic CAdminister pralidoxime, if tachycardic DAdminister atropine, if bradycardic EAdminister pralidoxime, if bradycardic
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AProvide supportive care
DAdminister atropine, if bradycardic |
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Select the mechanism of action for atropine: Answer AAtropine is mu-receptor antagonist. BAtropine is an acetylcholine agonist. CAtropine blocks acetylcholine at the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. DAtropine is beta-adrenergic agonist at the beta-2 receptors, located primarily in lung tissue. EAtropine is beta-adrenergic agonist at both the beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. |
CAtropine blocks acetylcholine at the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. |
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A mother informs the pharmacist that her two year-old child may have ingested some of her iron tablets. Which of the following statements are correct? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AThe antidote for iron overdose is naloxone. BA period of latency can occur after initial GI symptoms and prior to the onset of severe organ damage. CIn a young child, overdose can occur with as little as 5-6 tablets. DIron overdose is most common in the elderly, due to increased gut absorption. EIron overload can be treated with the chelating agents deferoxamine, deferiprone and deferasirox. |
BA period of latency can occur after initial GI symptoms and prior to the onset of severe organ damage. CIn a young child, overdose can occur with as little as 5-6 tablets.
EIron overload can be treated with the chelating agents deferoxamine, deferiprone and deferasirox. |
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Why is the use of sorbitol not preferred as a decontamination agent? Answer AIt can cause respiratory failure BIt can cause hyperglycemia in diabetic patients CIt can induce vomiting and cause electrolyte disturbances DIt can induce seizures EIt can cause hypoglycemia in diabetic patients |
CIt can induce vomiting and cause electrolyte disturbances |
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A newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patient presents to his primary care physician with dizziness, confusion, weakness, sweating, and hunger. He has worked over 60 hours a week, has skipped meals did not adjust his insulin. His finger stick blood glucose reading in the office is 49 mg/dL. The best recommendation for this patient is: Answer AInsulin BGlucagon CGlucose DOctreotide EEpinephrine
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CGlucose |
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Which non-prescription drugs have child-resistant containers to reduce the risk of accidental poisoning? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AIbuprofen BTylenol CAspirin DOxymetazoline EBenadryl
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AIbuprofen BTylenol CAspirin DOxymetazoline EBenadryl |
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A healthy-appearing toddler presents to the emergency department with his grandmother, who is concerned that the child may have overdosed on Tylenol. She states that the child was playing with an open Tylenol bottle on the floor. Which of the following is a correct course of action? Answer AMonitor patient for symptoms before initiating N-acetylcysteine BInitiate N-acetylcysteine immediately regardless of symptoms CConfirm overdose with acetaminophen level before initiating N-acetylcysteine DProvide supportive care and 500 mL of sodium bicarbonate EProvide naloxone by the intravenous route with supportive care. |
BInitiate N-acetylcysteine immediately regardless of symptoms |
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A 24 year-old man has ingested belladonna or "deadly nightshade" This plant is rich in anticholinergic compounds. Choose the correct statements: (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AHe may experience SLUDGE (salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, GI upset, emesis) syndrome. BHe should receive intravenous diphenhydramine to counteract the toxicity. CWith anticholinergic overdose, delirium is likely. DHe should receive the antidote physostigmine. EThese compounds are non-toxic. He will not require any treatment. |
CWith anticholinergic overdose, delirium is likely. DHe should receive the antidote physostigmine. |
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A 19-year-old college student arrives to the emergency room extremely agitated and restless. He states he took “a lot more” of his Adderall than prescribed. Upon examination, he is tachycardic, hypertensive, and has dilated pupils. Along with supportive care, which of the following medications can be administered? Answer ADextrose BLorazepam CProtamine DLeucovorin ESodium bicarbonate |
BLorazepam |
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A babysitter is watching a brother and sister, ages 4 and 5 years old. She suspects that the younger child may have consumed some pills from the parent's medicine cabinet. Who should the babysitter call for initial advice? Answer AThe nearest 24-hour pharmacy BThe nearest emergency department CThe national poison control line DThe police department EThe fire department |
CThe national poison control line |
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A patient comes to the emergency department with respiratory depression and significant sedation. Paramedics found her down in her apartment with an empty bottle of Ativan on the floor. Which of the following is the appropriate antidote to give this patient? Answer ASodium bicarbonate BFlumazenil CIpecac syrup DSodium polystyrene sulfonate EDimercaprol |
BFlumazenil |
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A jaundiced patient presents to the emergency department drowsy and lethargic. A family member states that the patient ingested 30 acetaminophen tablets a couple of hours ago. What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose? Answer ANaloxone BThiamine CN-acetylcysteine DFlumazenil EAspirin
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CN-acetylcysteine |
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A patient presents to the emergency department with gastrointestinal perforation. A lab test reveals low white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets and a high serum methotrexate level. Which of the following should be initiated? Answer APyridoxine BHyaluronidase CDimethyl sulfoxide DDexrazoxane ELeucovorin or levoleucovorin |
ELeucovorin or levoleucovorin |
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A hospitalized patient is using heparin. She requires immediate surgery. Which of the following agents will reverse the effects of heparin? Answer APhytonadione BAtropine CProtamine DN-acetylcysteine EAtropine/pralidoxime |
CProtamine |
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A female patient comes to the emergency department with a low blood pressure, low pulse and mental confusion. Her husband states she swallowed an entire bottle of atenolol. Which of the following is the appropriate antidote to give to this patient? Answer ASodium bicarbonate BGlucagon CProtamine DCalcium chloride 10% EAlbuterol
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BGlucagon |
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A patient comes to the emergency department for an overdose on Norvasc. Which of the following an appropriate antidote to give to this patient? Answer ASodium bicarbonate BPhysostigmine CIpecac syrup DCalcium chloride 10% EAlbuterol |
DCalcium chloride 10% |
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A 4-year-old child has accidentally ingested an unknown amount of Bengay, which contains methyl salicylate. She is experiencing hyperventilation, diaphoresis, nausea, and vomiting. Which medication can be used to treat her condition? Answer AMephyton BSodium bicarbonate CN-acetylcysteine DFlumazenil EDigiFab |
BSodium bicarbonate |
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A homeless man is admitted to the emergency room with pinpoint pupils, blue lips, and shallow breathing. He is unresponsive to verbal commands. Opioid overdose is suspected. Which of the following is recommended? Answer AAtropine BEvzio CNarcan DFlumazenil EDigiFab |
CNarcan |
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A 30 year old male went out for his birthday last night. He consumed over 15 alcoholic beverage and now presents to the Emergency Department with presumed alcohol poisoning. How should this patient be treated? Answer ACorrect hyperglycemia and provide supportive care BCorrect hypoglycemia and provide supportive care CAdminister fomepizole and provide supportive care DAdminister flumazenil and provide supportive care EAdminister dimercaprol and provide supportive care
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BCorrect hypoglycemia and provide supportive care |
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Caitlin, a 5-year-old child, has accidentally ingested approximately eight tablets of acetaminophen twenty minutes ago. She is conscious with no apparent symptoms. Her mother has contacted poison control and has been instructed the best course of action would be to: Answer AInstruct the child to lie down and drink plenty of fluids. BAdminister protamine. CAdminister ipecac syrup. DAdminister phytonadione. EAdminister activated charcoal. |
EAdminister activated charcoal. |
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A parent asks the pharmacist for quick advice: her child has sprayed a household chemical in his eye and it is burning. What should the pharmacist recommend? Answer ARinse eye with water (not too strong) from the tap or hose for at least 15 minutes. BNeutralize the chemical with a weak solution made with water and dishwashing soap. CDo not do anything; run him to the emergency department. DNeutralize the chemical with baking soda. EAdminister activated charcoal. |
ARinse eye with water (not too strong) from the tap or hose for at least 15 minutes. |
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A patient is admitted to the hospital with alcohol intoxication. What should be administered to prevent alcohol-induced encephalopathy? Answer AThiamine BPyridoxine CFolic Acid DPhytonadione ECyanacobalamin
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AThiamine |
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What is the rationale behind providing vitamin B1 to alcoholics? Answer ATo reduce the risk of liver damage from the alcohol. BTo reduce the risk of brain damage, also called "alcoholic brain disease." CTo reduce the risk of ataxia and falls. DTo encourage a healthy diet and reduce stress. EIt is more easily absorbed than other forms of B vitamins.
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BTo reduce the risk of brain damage, also called "alcoholic brain disease." |
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A patient presents to the emergency room with an irregular pulse, confusion, palpitations, loss of appetite, and vision changes. Lab results reveal a high digoxin level. Which antidote is most appropriate for digoxin toxicity? Answer ADimercaprol BGlucagon CFomepizole DFlumazenil EDigiFab
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EDigiFab |
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What are different types of child-resistant (C-R) containers designed to prevent accidental poisoning in children? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AScrew caps that require the user to press down while turning BEasy open caps CUnit-dose packaging DCardboard non-adherence packaging EZiplock bags |
AScrew caps that require the user to press down while turning
CUnit-dose packaging |
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A patient on Coumadin is scheduled for elective knee surgery. Which of the following is used to reverse the effects ofCoumadin? Answer AThiamine BPyridoxine CPhytonadione DPyrazinamide EProtamine |
CPhytonadione |
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A fire occurred in a nightclub and many people were admitted to the hospital due to cyanide poisoning released from the burning of foam from the building interior. The solution in the pharmacy's Cyanokit is dark red in color. What is the best course of action? Answer ADiscard the Cyanokit, the solution is oxidized and is no longer effective. BUse the Cyanokit, the solution is supposed to be dark red. CPlace the Cyanokit in the freezer until the solution becomes clear. DPlace the Cyanokit in the refrigerator until the solution becomes clear. EPlace the Cyanokit at room temperature until the solution becomes clear.
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BUse the Cyanokit, the solution is supposed to be dark red. |
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A patient complains of eye tearing, increased sweating and frequent bowel movements. It is discovered that the patient is a farmer who frequently handles insecticides such as malathion. The patient’s symptoms are consistent with malathion poisoning, what antidote should the pharmacist recommend? Answer AAtropine BPralidoxime CAtropine and pralidoxime DN-acetylcysteine EN-acetylcysteine and pralidoxime |
CAtropine and pralidoxime |
