6Gr03: Design History

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Thank you

Many thanks to another contributor - 'Kattyne' for the production of these slides.

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I have made some adjustments and amendments since downloading

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In order, can you place the design movements in the correct sequence?

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Arts and Crafts - (1850-1900)

Art Nouveau - (1890-1905)

Modernism - (1900-1930)

Bauhaus - (1919-1933)

Art Deco - (1925-1939)

Streamlining - (1935-1955)

Post Modernism - (1975-Present day)

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1850-1900

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Arts and Crafts

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Arts and Crafts

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Grew out of a concern for the effects of industrialisation upon design, traditional craftsmanship and the lives of ordinary 'working class' people.

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John Ruskin

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Theorist and critic who examined the relationship between art, society and labour. Co-founder of the Arts and Crafts movement.

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William Morris

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Poet, designer, writer, innovator and socialist. Co-founder of the Arts and Crafts movement.

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Key style elements of the Arts and Crafts movement.

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Simplicity, splendour, nature, colour and texture.

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"Have nothing in your houses that you do not know to be useful, or believe to be beautiful."

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William Morris, 'The Beauty of Life' 1880.

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1890-1905

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Art Nouveau

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Art Nouveau

Sagrada Família, Barcelona

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An international style of decoration and architecture that developed in the late 19th century. Forms a bridge between the Arts and Crafts movement and Modernism.

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Key style elements of Art Nouveau

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Nature, the female form, other cultures.

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Charles Rennie Mackintosh

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Key member of the 'Glasgow Four' who created the 'Glasgow style' of Art Nouveau, which influenced many designers throughout Europe.

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Glasgow School of Art

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Architectural project that gained Mackintosh an international reputation in 1896.

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1900-1930

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Modernism

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Modernism

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Designers (originating with architects) who rejected the old styles of designing based upon natural form and materials.

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The 'modern aesthetic'

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Celebrated new technology, mechanised industry and modern materials and rejected decorative motifs and the embellishment of surfaces with 'art', preferring to emphasise the materials used and pure geometric forms.

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1919-1933

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Bauhaus

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Bauhaus

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A school of art and design in Weimar, Germany opened after the First World War which combined all of the arts in unity and was headed by Walter Gropius.

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Philosophy of Bauhaus

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The base for any art was found in handicraft and there was no distinction between fine art and applied art.

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Key style elements of Bauhaus

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Form follows function, products for a machine age, everyday objects for everyday people.

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Marcel Breuer

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Studied at the Bauhaus, designer of the Wassily chair.

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Wassily chair

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Revolutionary in the use of materials, this product was only possible because a German steel manufacturer had recently perfected a process for mass producing seamless steel tubing.

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1925-1939

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Art Deco

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Art Deco

Chrysler Building,

New York

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The architectural and decorative arts style that emerged in France in the 1920s. An eclectic style that drew on tradition and yet simultaneously celebrated the mechanised modern world.

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Key style elements of Art Deco

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Geometric forms, primitive arts, machine age.

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Who was Eileen Gray?

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Furniture designer, interior decorator and architect who designed E-1027

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1935-1955

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Streamlining

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Streamlining

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A new style that emerged towards the end of Art Deco that was influenced by the modern aerodynamic designs which were derived from advancing technologies in aviation and high-speed transportation.

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Key style elements of streamlining

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Teardrop shape, futuristic design.

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Who was Raymond Loewy

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One of the best known industrial designers of the 20th century. Influenced countless aspects of American life by designing products ranging from cigarette packaging to locomotives and spaceship interiors.

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1975-present day

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Post-modernism

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Post-modernism

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A movement that began with architecture as a reaction against the perceived blandness and hostility present in modernist architecture as preached by the Bauhaus.

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Memphis group

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Italian group of designers and architects who created products in the 1980s that were vibrant, eccentric and ornamental.

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Key style elements of New Design

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Humour and personality, 'retro' design, deconstruction

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Philippe Starck

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Well known French designer working in the New Design style.

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Alessi

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Italian company that Starck designed for.