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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is it important to set boundaries to a study?
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boundary setting limits the scope of investigation to a specified group of individuals, phenomena or set of conceptual dimensions
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What are the five areas to consider when setting boundaries for a study?
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1) philosophical framework
2) study purpose 3) Research Qs 4) Design 5) access to |
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Compare and contrast boundary setting in experimental-type designs and boundary setting in naturalistic designs.
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**Experimental**
Boundary Setting b4 study **Naturalistic** happens throughout |
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What are the implications of boundary setting?
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Making decisions based on sound rationale that can be documented and articulated to the larger scientific community
**External validity and the ability to generalize |
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What are two criteria that can be applied to boundary setting decisions?
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appropriateness
and adequacy |
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What is the purpose of sampling in experimental-type research?
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to select a subgroup that can accurately represent the population
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How does sampling relate to external validity?
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the extent to which findings from a sample apply to the population called external validity
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What are the criteria for elements of a target population?
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1) must possess all the characteristics that the investigator has identified as "inclusion criteria"
2)must not possess any of the characteristics that the investigator has defined as "exclusion criteria" 3) must be available, at least in theory, for selection into the sample |
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What are probablity and non-probability sampling?
*Give examples of each type |
probability sampling:
*plans that are based on probability theory non-probability sampling: *nonrandom methods are used to obtain a sample |
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What does the term "significance level" mean?
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probability that defines how rare or unlikely the sample data must be before the researcher can fail to accept the null hypothesis
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What are some types of probability sampling?
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simple random sampling
systematic sampling stratified random sampling cluster sampling |
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What are some types of non-probability sampling?
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convenience sampling
purposive snowball quota |
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What are the six categories commonly used to identify informants in naturalistic design?
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Theory-based
Homogeneous Typical Case Maximum variation Confirming or Disconfirming Case Extreme or Deviant case |
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How many study participants are typically needed in naturalistic design?
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There are no specific rules
However, a small grp is considered 5 to 10, good for a relative picture a large group is considered 50 to 100 to represent differences in life experiences |
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What does the term "gaining access" mean naturalistic design?
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Actual point of entry
*boundary setting begins when investigator determines the entry point |
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What is a case study?
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detailed indepth description of a single unit, subject or event
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When are case studies useful?
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when little is known about phenomenon or when grouping responses across subjects does not give enough insight
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What are characteristics of case study designs?
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Flexibility
used by either experimental-type or naturalistic tradition multiple purposes multiple data collection methods |
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What ares some frequently used case study structures using an experimental design approach?
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AB design
Time Series Data Collection Analysis |
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What are the reasons for using case studies in the naturalistic tradition?
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1) generate theory
2) develop alternative theory 3) ID. & develop lexical & operation definition of important constructs for further studies 4) Complexity in naturalistic context |
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What are characteristics of case studies in the naturalistic tradition?
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flexible in structure, sz, & sequence
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How are case studies different from other naturalistic designs?
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is characterized by its logic structure, that is, the id. of a "case" as a phenomenon of interest
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What is the value of mixing experimental-type and naturalistic traditions in case study research?
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use of multiple measures of socialization combined with the finding from your field notes will tell you much more than either strategy could yield if used alone
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