Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is "memory"
|
a process inferred from the observation of behaviour
|
|
what is conscious memory
|
internal recollections of past events
|
|
lesions of the amygdala disrupt what?
|
fear evoked changes in HR and BP
|
|
lesions to deep cerebellar nuclei disrupt what
|
motor learning
|
|
procedural vs. declarative memory
|
procedural = not being consciously aware of the task at hand, but 'remembering' how to do it
declarative = conscious memory |
|
ESTABLISHED risk factors for AD
|
old age
family hx presence of disease-predisposing genetic polymorphisms (ApoE-e4) Down syndrome |
|
LIKELY risk factors for AD
|
head trauma
T2DM CVD HTN Ischamic heart disease incr. serum cholesterol (midlife) incr. homocysteine levels depression smoking, excess EtOH, high fat diet female low education level |
|
LIKELY protective factors for AD
|
physical activity
ongoing intellectual stimulation LT NSAID use statins folic acid antioxidants strong social network high education level |
|
t/f
treating vascular risk factors decreases your risk of vascular dementia |
false :(
|
|
when can AD be considered familial ?
what proportion of AD is familial ? |
if 2+ family members have it .
5-10% of cases |
|
what causative mutation/s have been implicated in AD?
|
APP (amyloid precursor protein) - chromosome 21
PSEN-1 (presenelin-1) PSEN-2 (presenelin-2) this is the only situation in which predictive testing is available |
|
why do people with down syndrome get AD?
|
because they carry an extra copy of APP gene --> extra copy of the APP protein which generates incr. amounts of A-beta peptide
|
|
what gene/s are implicated in sporadic AD?
MOA? |
some polymorphisms are known to act as predisposing factors.
several genes have been implicated but the most consistent findings have been found for the ApoE (apolipoprotein E) gene . patients with AD are more likely to carry the e4 allele --> 50% AD popn have e4 -->25% normal popn have e4 exact MOA unknown - may modulate gamma-secretase activity. and decrease age of onset |