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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are some restrictive - chest wall compliance problems?
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1. SCI
2. kyphoscoliosis. 3. obesity. 4. truma or rib fracture. 5. burny injury |
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what are some restrictive - lung compliance problems?
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1. ARDS
2. IPF 3. pneumonia. 4. sarcoidosis. 5. Pulmonary edema. 6. Pulmonary emboli. |
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what are bacteria pneumonia signs?
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crackles, decreased or absent BS, productive cost with rust colored spetum.
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what are viral pneumonia symotpoms?
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fever, dyspnea, crackles, persistent non-productive cough.
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how does P.T. help with pneumonia?
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1. deep breathing exercises.
2. coughing exercises. 3. positioning. 4. increased mobility. |
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what is idiopathic or interstitial pulmonary fibrosis?
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inflammatory process destroying or distorting the alveolar wall.
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what are clinical signs of pulmonary fibrosis?
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progressive DOE, non-productive , cough, wheezes, hemoptysis, clubbing, cyanosis.
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what are treatments for pulmonary fibrosis?
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1. supplemental O2.
2. corticosteroids. 3. aerobic/conditioning exercises. 4. lung transplant. |
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what is adult respiratory distress syndrome?
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severe hypoxemia and increased alveolar capillary permeability.
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what is ARDS caused by?
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trauma, shock, aspiration, inhaled toxins, metabolic.
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what are clinicals signs of ARDS?
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decreased breath sounds, crackles, increased RR.
lower FRc, VC, Vt. |
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what are exercises for ARDS?
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deep breathing, coughing, increased mobility.
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what is atelectasis?
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primary, injury or truma.
secondary- mucus plug or physical blockage of airway or collapse of the lung. |
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what are signs of atelectasis?
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cough with increased sputum production, crackles/wheezes, absent BS, decreased chest wall expansion in the affected area
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What will happen if atelectasis is left untreated?
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develops into pneumonia.
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what is the mechanism of obstructive lung disease?
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1. destruction of elsatic tissue cause loss of recoil/elasticity.
2. chest wall will expand as usual but can not pull the chest wall back down during expiration. it's difficult to get air out. |
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what is emphysema?
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abnormal & permanent enlargement of alveoli with alveolar wall destruction.
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what are clinical signs of emphysema?
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barrel chest, dyspnea, SOB, prolonged expiration, flat diaphragm, hyperinflation, increased BS
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how to treat emphysema?
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mobility & exercise with low flow O2, bronchodilators, pursed lip breathing.
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what is asthma?
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chronic inflammatory disease in response to inhaled irritants.
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what are clinical signs of asthma?
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wheezes, decreased BS, sOB, dyspnea, non-productive cough, possible accessory muscle use.
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how to treat asthma?
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increase respiratory function with breathing exercises, remove secretions, increase aerobic exercise tolerance.
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what is bronchieectasis?
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permanent abnormal dilation of bronchi. it's due to destruction of elastic and muscular components of bronchial walls.
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what are clinical signs of bronchiecttasis?
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chronic couh, copious amounts of foul smelling sputum, increased RR, crackles and wheezes.
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what are treatments for bronchiectasis?
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PD and P&V, increase exercise tolerance, decrease respiratory work.
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what is cystic fibrosis?
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multisystem disorder involving exocrine glands.
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what are clinical signs of cystic fibrosis?
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febrile, weight loss, increased respiratory work, clubbing, cyanosis. increased fatigue and shortness of breath. usually green adn thick increased sputum production.
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what are treatments of cystic fibrosis?
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PD, P&V, aerobic exercise, coughing exercises, mechanical devices if necsesary. (PEP, flutter valve, HFCC vest, IPV).
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what is chronic bronchitis?
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obstructive disease with productive cough on most days for 3 month over 2 years.
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what are clinical signs of chronic bronchitis?
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wheezes, JVD, LE edema, may have an increase ins ecretions with a change in color or increased cough with decreased secretion prodcution. hyperinflation, peripheral edema, prolonged expiration.
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what are treatments for chronic bronchitis?
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P&V, PD, increase exercise tolerance.
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