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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What exactly does acetylation do to histones?
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Neutralizes the pos charge of lys residues on the histone tails - reduces their condensed state.
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Where exactly on DNA does methylation occur?
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On the 5 position of CYTOSINE RESIDUES.
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How does methylation affect DNA?
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Allows for recognition of Binding Proteins - turns down expression/transcription.
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What type of methylation corresponds with cancer?
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Hypomethylation.
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What is the role of signal transduction pathways in gene expression?
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Gene expression is regulated in response to environmental cues.
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What is the advantage of environmental signals turning on these pathways?
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It allows for diverse cell type signal specificity.
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How are signalling pathways classified?
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Based on the major intracellular signalling molecule involved.
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What 3 examples of signal transduction did we focus on?
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1. Steroid receptor signalling
2. G-protein linked signalling 3. Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling |
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Which signalling pathway is the outlier that doesn't use an intracellular signaling molecule?
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Steroids - they are liphophilic.
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How exactly do steroid hormones work?
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1. They slip through the cell membrane and bind intracellular receptors;
2. After translocation into the nucleus, they bind (w/out receptor) DNA, act as txn factors, and activate txn. |
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Give examples of steroid signalling molecules:
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-Thyroxine
-Vitamin D -Retinoic acid -Steroid hormones -Sex hormones |